scholarly journals Smallholder-Based Oil Palm and Rubber Production in the Forest Region of Guinea: An Exploratory Analysis of Household Food Security Outcomes

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boubacar Balde ◽  
Mamady Diawara ◽  
Cristiano Rossignoli ◽  
Alexandros Gasparatos
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Household Level

The Guinean government has promoted the large-scale production of industrial crops such as oil palm and rubber through the Guinean Oil Palm and Rubber Company (SOGUIPAH). Smallholder-based production of these crops has also been promoted to boost rural development but the food security outcomes are unclear. This exploratory study assesses the food security outcomes of smallholder-based oil palm and rubber production at the household level using six standardized metrics of food security. We compare households involved in industrial crop production and households that only grow food crops under subsistence conditions through statistical tools such as Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Endogenous Treatment Effect Regression (ETER). Overall, results suggest that oil palm and rubber smallholders perform better than subsistence farmers on metrics that capture perceptions of hunger and coping behaviors but perform worse for food diversity metrics. We hypothesize that this discrepancy can possibly be explained by the strong sense of security that steady income provides across time, which outweighs the shortcomings of diet diversity. The results of this exploratory study can inform the development of more detailed assessments of the food security outcomes of interventions implemented by SOGUIPAH in the area (and the mechanism through which these impacts emerge).

The Role of Women in Improving Access to Food at the Household Level in Mandeni Local Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Nondumiso Thabisile Mpanza ◽  
Mfaniseni Wiseman Mbatha
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Access To Food

This paper censoriously assesses the role of women in improving access to food at the household level. The role of women is essential in the production of food as caretakers of household food security. However, their role is not well recognised, more especially in policymaking and resource allocation. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach with an exploratory research design. The participants were sampled with convenience sampling and interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was employed as a tool for data analysis. The study adopted feminisation of poverty as a primary theory of this paper. Certain aspects of the study reveal that women have been struggling to access food from the diversity of retail vents that are obtainable in town because of low income and limitations of transport service. This is a constraint to women who depend on the off-farm sources of income because their household’s livelihood depends on purchasing food from retail vents. Those who rely on home gardens were experiencing low productivity and the unsustainability of their gardens. This has been caused by water scarcity and climate change. Therefore, women must be provided with training that seeks to develop their skills on how to make effective use of home gardens so that food security can be ensured.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Hutan Rakyat terhadap Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Kecamatan Rumpin, Kabupaten Bogor

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Indah Lestari ◽  
Hardjanto Hardjanto ◽  
Yulius Hero
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Food Share

Private forest is one of the alternatives to support food security and household income. The research is located in village of Cidokom, Leuwibatu, and Mekarjaya, Subdistrict of Rumpin with 66 respondents. This study aims to analysis contribution of private forest to the total household income and food security of farmer households Data was collected by field observation, interview and literature study. Analysis of contribution to food security was done by calculating total energy from all crop production with unit of cap/cal/day by comparing the recommended daily consumption of energy and nutritional value (AKG) of 2150 kcal/person/day. The level of household food security is measured by using food share. Food share is cross-classification of two indicators of food security. The two indicators are the share of food expenditure and the adequacy of energy consumption (kcal). The results showed that (1) The average contribution of private forest for household income from timber plantation is 10.63% and food crops is 30.22% of total income, (2) there are 46 types of crops which contribute to food security per day with average 393.70 cal/cap/day or 18.75% from total energy/day/person,(3) the distribution of households that have food resistant (TKE>90%) is 69,69%.KeyWords: Private forest, agroforestry, food security

scholarly journals KAPASITAS PEREMPUAN TANI UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA GLOBALISASI DI KOTA PEKANBARU

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Penti Suryani ◽  
Ahmad Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The City

This study aims to determine 1) the condition of household food security, 2) the factors that affect the capacity of women farmers in food consumption in order to achieve food security at the household level, 3) the factors that affect spending foodstuffs on the level households and 4) the capacity of women farmers to achieve household food security in the era of globalization in the city of Pekanbaru. This study uses a cross-sectional study design, located in four districts in the city of Pekanbaru namely District Tampan, District Marpoyan Damai, District and Sub-district Rumbai and Rumbai Pesisir. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire which was distributed to 100 respondents of women farmers selected by simple random sampling. Factors that affect the capacity of women farmers in achieving food security household level are: income, education and nutrition knowledge of women farmers. Factors that affect spending foodstuffs at the household level women farmers in the city of Pekanbaru is the price of rice, household income, number of household members and the level of education. Capacity of women farmers in food processing is still at the low level. Threats of globalization on food security in Pekanbaru city can be resolved by the farmer community empowerment program. Empowerment of women farmers not only to protect the rice trade, but also to uplift the lives of women farmers through programs that improve local agricultural businesses

scholarly journals Food security situations among female headed households in Enugu East Senatorial Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Remigius. I. Ozioko ◽  
Blessing. C. Nwigwe ◽  
Anthonia. N. Asadu ◽  
Miracle. I. Nwafor ◽  
Onyinyechi. I. Nnadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Poor Nutrition

The study examined food security situation of female-headed households in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study identified livelihood activities of respondents, ascertained the food security situation, examined constraints to food security, and examined coping strategies of respondents. Multi-stage sampling procedure, snow ball and simple random techniques were used to select 72 female-headed households. Data were analyzed using mean score and factor analysis. Results showed that respondents livelihood activities included crop production (77.8%), processing and sale of palm produce (43.1%) and processing of farm produce (38.9%). Household food security situations included food secure to moderately food-insecure. Major constraints to food security of the respondents were poverty ( x̄ =2.52), lack of education and skill ( x̄ =2.50), poor rural infrastructure ( x̄ =2.50) and poor nutrition education ( x̄ =2.54). Coping strategies included restriction of food consumption of adults ( x̄ =2.21) reducing food consumption per day ( x̄ =2.00) and staying hungry ( x̄ =2.04). The study concludes that the households in the area were grossly food insecure as they spent more of their meager earning only on food. There was poor nutrition education and lack of productive skills. Poverty was found to be a major cause of food insecurity in the area as it robs people the option of fine choices. Hence, government and other development agencies should provide policies and efforts that assist Female headed households in capacity building like providing them with productive resources which will expand their scope of livelihood choices. Keywords: Food security, female headed household, food situation, poverty

scholarly journals ``Locusts are now our beef'': Adult mortality and household dietary use of local environmental resources in rural South Africa1

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (69_suppl) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori M. Hunter ◽  
Wayne Twine ◽  
Laura Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural Africa

There is currently a lack of research on the association between demographic dynamics and household use of natural resources in rural Africa. Such work is important because in rural Africa natural resources buffer households against shocks, offering both sustenance and income-generating potential. Aims: The article focuses on adult mortality as a household shock, examining use of local environmental resources as related to household dietary needs. Methods: The authors analyze two sources of data collected during May—December 2004 in the MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt) in rural South Africa. Quantitative analyses use survey data from 240 households, stratified by adult mortality experience. Qualitative data are based on 31 interviews with members of households having recently experienced adult mortality. Results: The interviews provide insight into a variety of household-level mortality impacts and also suggest the importance of proximate resources in the maintenance of food security following the loss of an adult household member. Quantitatively, there are significant differences, both in patterns of usage of the natural environment and in levels of food security, between households that have lost an adult and those that have not. The association between mortality and household use of local environmental resources is further shaped by the gender of the deceased and the time elapsed since the death. Conclusions: Adult mortality, particularly the death of a male wage-earner, affects household food security. Time allocation is affected as resource collection responsibilities shift, and wild foods may substitute for previously purchased goods.

Perceived food security status – a case study of households in North Luwu, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pipi Diansari ◽  
Teruaki Nanseki
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Household Heads

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic impact on perceived household food security in the North Luwu District of South Sulawesi Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In Indonesia, 87 million people are presently vulnerable to food insecurity. Thus, the United Nations Development Programme’s primary millennium development goal for Indonesia is to halve the number of people who suffer from hunger by 2015. It is clear that food security at the household level is crucial to achieving this target. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 371 household heads were interviewed. The households’ perceptions of their food security status were captured by asking the household head the following question: “How do you perceive your household’s food security status during the last month”? Respondents could select from the following options: insecure, somewhat insecure, somewhat secure, secure and highly secure. Here, the household head’s answer is regarded as the household’s subjective food security status (SFSS). We then applied descriptive analysis and an ordered logit model to determine the socioeconomic factors that influence SFSS. Findings – As expected, in both analyses, household income and formal level of education have a strong relationship to SFSS. However, this study finds that food nutrition knowledge also shows a significant role in enhancing the probability that household SFSS will be in a better food security category. This could be a breakthrough in improving household food security status given the lack of formal education. Practical implications – Neighborhood resource-based food preparation counseling programs are essential. Existing food programs for Indonesian households should be reoriented and incorporated into the non-formal educational curriculum and should be carried out at the family level or in small groups to ensure that the message of the program is delivered effectively. In the short term, for non-farm households, the government should provide targeted households with crash programs such as revolving funds for household-level business activities. For farm households, ensuring that farming infrastructures, facilities and technologies are adequate and affordable is crucial to sustaining their production process. Originality/value – This is the first study to investigate the perceptions of household heads on their food security status in Indonesia. Most prior studies on household food security in Indonesia were conducted in response to Indonesia’s 1997 economic crisis and focused predominantly on Java, in the western part of Indonesia; there is little existing research on the eastern part of Indonesia. Moreover, this study is the first to emphasize the significant role of food nutrition knowledge in increasing the probability of household heads’ perceptions on their food security status being in a better category.

scholarly journals Impacts of near-future cultivation of biofuel feedstocks on atmospheric composition and local air quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 24857-24881 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashworth ◽  
G. Folberth ◽  
C. N. Hewitt ◽  
O. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Large-scale production of feedstock crops for biofuels will lead to land-use changes. We quantify the effects of realistic land use change scenarios for biofuel feedstock production on isoprene emissions and hence atmospheric composition and chemistry using the HadGEM2 model. Two feedstocks are considered: oil palm for biodiesel in the tropics and short rotation coppice (SRC) in the mid-latitudes. In total, 69 Mha of oil palm and 92 Mha of SRC are planted, each sufficient to replace just over 1 % of projected global fossil fuel demand in 2020. Both planting scenarios result in increases in total global annual isoprene emissions of about 1 %. In each case, changes in surface concentrations of ozone and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (bSOA) are significant at the regional scale and are detectable even at a global scale with implications for air quality standards. However, the changes in tropospheric burden of ozone and the OH radical, and hence effects on global climate, are negligible. The oil palm plantations and processing plants result in global average annual mean increases in ozone and bSOA of 38 pptv and 2 ng m−3 respectively. Over SE Asia, one region of planting, increases reach over 2 ppbv and 300 ng m−3 for large parts of Borneo. Planting of SRC causes global annual mean changes of 46 pptv and 3 ng m−3. Europe experiences peak monthly mean changes of almost 0.6 ppbv and 90 ng m−3 in June and July. Large areas of Central and Eastern Europe see changes of over 1.5 ppbv and 200 ng m−3 in the summer. That such significant atmospheric impacts from low level planting scenarios are discernible globally clearly demonstrates the need to include changes in emissions of reactive trace gases such as isoprene in life cycle assessments performed on potential biofuel feedstocks.

scholarly journals PERAN WANITA TANI TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA MISKIN DI KECAMATAN SIMPANG TIGA KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ichsan ◽  
Sofyan Sofyan ◽  
Zakiah Zakiah
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Role Of Women

 Abstrak; Kemiskinan dan ketahanan pangan merupakan dua fenomena yang saling berkaitan, bahkan dapat disebut sebagai hubungan sebab akibat. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa keadaan ketahanan pangan yang rentan dapat menjadi sumber kemiskinan, sebaliknya kemiskinan dapat menyebabkan seseorang tidak memiliki ketahanan pangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga wanita tani, mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi ketahanan pangan pada tingkat rumah tangga wanita tani dan mengetahui peran wanita tani terkait pendapatan dan pendidikan dalam ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Kecamatan Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga responden dengan kategori kurang pangan sebesar 45% dan rumah tangga kategori rawan pangan sebesar 55%. Nilai PPH rumah tangga respoden adalah 58,6 menunjukkan tidak seimbangnya mutu gizi rumah tangga responden. Peran wanita tani dalam ketahanan pangan rumah tangga kurang terlihat dikarenakan rendahnya pendapatan dan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan wanita tani. Variable yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat ketahanan pangan adalah pendapatan kepala keluarga. Sementara faktor lainnya seperti pendidikan wanita tani, pendapatan wanita tani dan jumlah anggota keluarga tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan.Abstract; The Role of Female Farmers on Food Security Poor Households at Simpang Tiga District in Aceh Besar Regency                     Poverty and food security are the two phenomena that are linked each other, it is also called a causal relationship. It can be said that vulnerable food security condition are the source of poverty, in the other hand, poverty could  cause a person does not have a food security.This study aims to determine the condition of household food security of women farmers, to know the factors which influence food security at the women farmers household level and to know the role of women farmers related to income and education in household food security in Simpang Tiga District Aceh Besar Regency. The results show that the household respondents with less food category by 45% and household food insecurity category by 55%. PPH value of household respondents was 58.6, this  indicates an imbalance in the nutritional quality of the respondent's household. The Role of women farmers in household food security is less visible due to low income and low educational levels of women farmers. The head of  households income is significant variable that influence the level of food security is. While the educational factors, income of women farmers, and number of household members is not significant.

scholarly journals Grain number and grain weight as determinants of triticale, wheat, two-rowed and six-rowed barley yield in the Pannonian environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Mirosavljević ◽  
Vojislava Momčilović ◽  
Srbislav Denčić ◽  
Sanja Mikić ◽  
Dragana Trkulja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Growing Seasons

Climate significantly affects cropping systems across Europe. Knowledge of the variability in grain number per unit area and grain weight across different growing seasons and its association with grain yield is important for further improving small grain crop production. The main aim of this study was to compare grain yield and its numerical components among triticale, wheat, two-rowed and six-rowed barley cultivars across different growing seasons in a typical Pannonian location (south-eastern part of Central Europe). Trials with twelve winter cereal genotypes (three two-rowed barley, three six-rowed barley, three wheat and three triticale genotypes) were carried out in four successive seasons in Novi Sad, Serbia. Results of this study showed that growing season, species, cultivar, and species × growing season interaction significantly (p<0.01) affected grain yield and its determinants. Generally, triticale had higher average grain yield, while the lowest grain yield was recorded in six-rowed barleys. Grain yield was more associated with the number of grains/m2 than with grain weight. Heading date was recognized as one of the important adaptive traits in crop development and yield determination. Short duration of the pre-anthesis phase in early cultivars and delayed anthesis in late cultivars significantly decreased the number of grains/spike in different species/spike types, reducing the final grain yield. Medium early cultivars had the highest number of grains/spike due to optimal duration of the pre-anthesis period and heading date and are suggested as recommendable for large scale production in the Pannonian environments.

scholarly journals Impact of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Cultivation on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Food Security of Rural Households within Mundemba Sub-division, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
Usongo P. Ajonina ◽  
Bekumaka B. Okanyene
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

Oil palm cropping is rapidly expanding within Mundemba. Although they have the potential to contribute to employment and economic development, the effect of their rapid expansion on soil properties and food security is largely unknown. The objective of the study is to analyze the trend in the surface area occupied by palms and farmlands between 1980 to 2020, assess the impact of oil palm cultivation on soil properties and food security. Ground Control Points (GCPs) were taken to evaluate land-use changes and soil samples were collected from palm plantations for analysis. Interviews and questionnaires were administered to household heads to gather information on food security. Results revealed that palm plantations experienced a rapid increase from 35.52ha in 1980 to 119,171.49 in 2020. Arable land also shows a progressive increase of 101.39 ha in 1980 to 518.55 ha in 2020. A significant deterioration of soil nutrients status under palm plantations compared to the adjacent farm lands was observed. Palm cultivation has resulted in food security issues in the area due to its lucrative nature and impact on soils properties. To improve food security farmers should be educated on sustainable crop production methods and soil management techniques.

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