Do Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum spelta L. Hybrids Constitute a Promising Source Material for Quality Breeding ofNew Wheat Varieties?

The aim of this two-year study was to determine whether the contents of macronutrients and macro and microelements in wheat grain can be increased by crossbreeding Triticum aestivum and T. spelta. The experimental material comprised the grains of F6 and F7 hybrids and their parental forms. The element content of grain was determined by ICP-SFMS. Hybrid grains had significantly higher ash contents than bread wheat grain (1.90% and 1.93% versus 1.62%). Crude protein content was lowest in bread wheat grain (11.75%) and highest in spelt grain (14.67%). Hybrid grains had significantly higher protein contents (12.97% and13.19%) than bread wheat grain. In both years of the study, the concentrations of P, S, Mg and Ca were highest in spelt grain, whereas their content in hybrids was lower than in spelt grain, but higher than in bread wheat grain. The concentrations of desirable microelements were highest in spelt grain, and the micronutrient profile of hybrid grains was more similar to bread wheat than spelt. Therefore, the hybrids can constitute promising source material for quality breeding in wheat.

Download Full-text

Nutritional characteristics of ancient Tuscan varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2016.750 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lisetta Ghiselli ◽

Eleonora Rossi ◽

Anne Whittaker ◽

Giovanni Dinelli ◽

Adriano Pasqualino Baglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Point Of View ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Equal Proportion ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Functional Point

Bread wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) is an important cereal in human consumption. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in ancient wheat varieties. The latter represent an important source of germplasm, characterized by a broader genetic base and, therefore, a potential source of biodiversity. The objective of the study was to ascertain the optimal balance between the presence of secondary metabolites having beneficial effects on health and technological features that ensure successful baking quality. The experimental trial was performed in 2011-2012 on three organic farms located in three different areas within the province of Siena (Tuscany). In each location, an overall evaluation of the commercial, rheological and functional properties of five ancient Tuscan bread wheat varieties (Andriolo, Frassineto, Gentil rosso, Inallettabile 96, Verna) as compared with a commercial modern variety (Palesio) was carried out. The ancient varieties were compared both singularly (pure) and in combination (mixtures) of two varieties in equal proportion, respectively. Biometric and productive parameters were detected for each plot (32 plots in each farm). Macro- and trace elements, polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity (ARP) were similarly determined on representative whole grain samples. Rheological analysis was carried out on flour samples. The multivariate statistical analysis using principal components (PC) analysis was performed on all variables analysed. The results showed a significant environment effect on the different parameters measured and did not reveal significant improvements in the variables measured when varieties were cultivated in mixtures. However, the study did reveal various interesting trends that are warranting of further investigation. The most interesting effect from a nutritional and functional point of view is the relationship between ARP, rheological properties, protein content and gluten content. These connections permit the potential towards the improvement of ancient varieties.

Download Full-text

Influence of Organic Manures on Quality Parameters like Crude Protein Content (%), Statistical Analysis and Economics in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2020.908.367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 3220-3226

Author(s):

Ch. Sivanagalakshmi ◽

Narendra Singh ◽

Gajendra Singh ◽

Ankush Singh ◽

Pragya Rawat

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Organic Manures

Download Full-text

Comparative analysis of the inheritance of a high development rate in the Rimax and Rico lines of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

PROCEEDINGS ON APPLIED BOTANY GENETICS AND BREEDING ◽

10.30901/2227-8834-2021-2-81-88 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 182 (2) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

B. V. Rigin ◽

Е. V. Zuev ◽

А. S. Andreeva ◽

I. I. Matvienko ◽

Z. S. Pyzhenkova

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Development Rate ◽

Source Material ◽

Spring Bread Wheat ◽

Short Day ◽

Long Day ◽

Ctab Method ◽

Early Ripening

Background. Development of early-ripening spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars is an important task for Russian breeders. Knowledge of the genetics of ultraearly varieties – sources of valuable genes that determine an earlier-maturing type of plant development –will be used to work out methods for obtaining source material for breeding.Materials and methods. The ultra-early lines Rico (k65588, var. erythrospermum Koern.) and Rimax (k-67257, var. lutescens (Alef.) Mansf.), and cvs. ‘Max’ (k-57181, var. lutescens) and ‘Leningradskaya 6’ (k-64900, var. lutescens) were studied. Alleles of the Vrn and Ppd genes were identified by PCR according to known publications, and genomic DNA was isolated from 3-day-old seedlings by the CTAB method.Results. In the environments of Northwest Russia, the Rimax and Rico lines are characterized by the highest rate of development before heading among the spring wheat accessions from the VIR collection. In the Rimax and Rico genotypes, the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1 genes were found. Genotypes with different alleles of Ppd-D1 and Vrn-B1 were identified in the Rimax line. Under conditions of a long day (18 hours), in the population of F2 (F3 ) Rico × Rimax hybrids, the ratio of phenotypes with a high development rate to all others was observed as 1 : 15 (χ2 1: 15 = 0.64). Under a short day (12 hours), 5 clearly tested groups were identified in F2 with the ratio 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1 (χ2 = 3.03; χ2 0.05 = 9.48), which indicates the manifestation of cumulative polymerization.Conclusion. Each of the Rimax and Rico lines has two pairs of independent duplicated genes that determine a high development rate. Under short-day conditions, these genes can interact like cumulative polymers. The Rimax and Rico lines, due to their high development rate, are valuable source material to be used in breeding for earliness.

Download Full-text

Estimation of grain productivity and biochemical indicators of the winter bread wheat varieties depending on the forecrop

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127301027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 01027

Author(s):

Оlesya Nekrasova ◽

Nina Kravchenko ◽

Dmitry Marchenko ◽

Evgeny Nekrasov

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Biochemical Indicators ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Grain Productivity ◽

Study Results

The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of sunflower and pea on the amount of productivity, protein and gluten percentage in grain. The objects of the study were 13 winter bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The study was carried out in 2018-2020 on the fields of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production. The forecrops were peas and sunflower. The study results showed that the varieties ‘Volny Don’ (6.1 t / ha), ‘Krasa Dona’ (6.1 t / ha) and ‘Lidiya’ (6.0 t / ha), when sown after peas, gave the largest yields. The varieties ‘Volny Don’ (4.9 t / ha) and ‘Polina’ (4.8 t / ha) which were sown after sunflower, showed the best productivity. The analysis of qualitative indicators established that the maximum percentage of protein and gluten in grain was identified in the varieties ‘Podarok Krymu’ (16.3%; 28.3%) and ‘Volnitsa’ (16.1%; 28.5%), which were sown after peas; and the same varieties showed good results (‘Podarok Krymu’ (16.2%; 27.4%) and ‘Volnitsa’ (15.7%; 27.8%)), when sown after sunflower.

Download Full-text

Hybride necrosis genes in bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) of Ukraine

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v23.988 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

A. V. Galaev ◽

M. V. Galaeva

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Premature Death ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Microsatellite Analysis ◽

Hybrid Necrosis ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Complementary Genes ◽

The North ◽

Adaptive Value

Hybrid necrosis is the gradual premature death of leaves or plants in certain F1-2hybrids of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and it is caused by the interaction of two dominant complementary genes Ne1 and Ne2 located on chromosome arms 5BL and 2BS, respectively. To date, necrotic genotypes in most varieties of Ukrainian breeding have not been identified. Aim. This study was conducted to determine the necrotic genotypes in varieties Ukrainian breeding of different regions. Methods. Microsatellite analysis, PAAgel-electrophoresis. Results. 150 genotypes of bread wheat varieties from Ukrainian breeding were identified by loci Xbarc74-5В and Xbarc55-2В closely linked to hybrid necrosis genes Ne1 and Ne2, respectively. Conclusions. The most common in the South of Ukraine is the genotypes Ne1wNe2w/m and Ne1mNe2w/m were revealed. The most of varieties in the North of Ukraine had the genotypes ne1Ne2ms. These genotypes can have breeding and adaptive value for specific geographical conditions. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., hybride necrosis genes Ne1 and Ne2, microsatellite analysis.

Download Full-text

Participatory Evaluation and Selection of Improved Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum. L) Varieties in Northern Ethiopia

Agricultural Science ◽

10.30560/as.v2n2p80 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. p80

Author(s):

Berhanu Meles ◽

Chekole Nigus ◽

Atsede Teklu ◽

Yonas G Mariam

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Preference Ranking ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Variety Selection

Participatory variety selection trials were conducted in 2018 G.C in Laelay-maichew, Tahtay-maichew and Ahferom districts of central zone of Tigrai to evaluate the performance of improved bread wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) Variety and to assess farmers’ criteria for bread wheat variety selection. Six improved bread wheat varieties (Mekelle-1, Mekelle-2, Ogolcho, Kingbird and Hedasse) including the most popular variety ‘Kakaba’ were used for the study at eighteen farmers (six from each district). The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design at baby trial with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference among the tested varieties for most of the agronomic traits except for kernels per spike and harvest index in all the tested locations. In the preference ranking, farmers used their own traits of interest which were very important in their wheat varieties for selection. Hence, common criteria’s identified by the farmers to select the best varieties were; grain yield, biomass yield, earliness, disease resistance, spike length and seed size. Accordingly direct matrix ranking by farmers showed that Ogolcho was top ranked both at L/maichew and Ahferom followed by Kakaba, however Mekelle-1 was first ranked followed by Kakaba at T/maichew. Therefore farmers of L/maichew and Ahferom were recommended to use Ogolcho and Kakaba, whereas Mekelle-1 was recommended for T/maichew.

Download Full-text

Phosphorous Adsorption and Its Requirements by Bread Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L.), In Acidic Soils of Cheha and Dinsho Districts, Southern Highlands of Ethiopia

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2019.1695832 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 186-207

Author(s):

Bereket Alemu ◽

Asmare Melese

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Acidic Soils ◽

Wheat Varieties

Download Full-text

Analysis of spring bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers

Russian Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.3103/s1068367417060052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 445-449

Author(s):

A. G. Klykov ◽

I. V. Konovalova ◽

P. M. Bogdan ◽

D. M. Shadrin ◽

Czuimei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Spring Bread Wheat ◽

Wheat Varieties

Download Full-text

Molecular characterization and genetic diversity in some Egyptian wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/978 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 100-108

Author(s):

Ayman El-Fiki ◽

Mohamed Adly

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Polymorphic Information Content ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Cereal Crop ◽

Font Size ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Marker Index

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important and strategic cereal crop in Egypt and has many bread wheat varieties. Seventeen Egyptian bread wheat varieties used in this study with a set of sixteen wheat microsatellite markers to examine their utility in detecting DNA polymorphism, estimating genetic diversity and identifying genotypes. A total of 190 alleles were detected at 16 loci using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. The number of allele per locus ranged from 8 to 20, with an average of 11.875. The polymorphic information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) average values were 0.8669, 0.8530 respectively. The (GA) n microsatellites were the highest polymorphic (20 alleles). The Jaccard's Coefficient for genetic similarity was ranged from 0.524 to 0.109 with average of 0.375. A dendrogram was prepared based on similarity matrix using UPGMA algorithm, divided the cultivars into two major clusters. The results proved the microsatellite markers utility in detecting polymorphism due to the discrimination of cultivars and estimating genetic diversity.

Download Full-text

The effect of various NaCl concentrations on morphophysiological properties of bread wheat sprouts (Triticum aestivum L.)

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v23.1010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 176-181

Author(s):

F. I. Gasimova ◽

M. A. Khanishova ◽

K. R. Taghiyeva ◽

I. V. Azizov

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Root System ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Physiological Indices ◽

Growth Of Seedlings ◽

Wheat Seeds

Aim. The effects of various NaCl concentrations on germination energy, germination percentage of seeds and morpho-physiological indices of seedlings have been determined in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Methods. Wheat seeds were germinated at 0, 100, 150, 200 mM concentrations of NaCl using the roll method. Rezults. The delay of the growth of seedlings and root system was observed with increasing salt concentrations in all samples. The effect of various salt concentrations on separate varieties was diifferent. Conclusions. The highest indices of the development of coleoptiles and root system and the highest amount of chlorophyll were detected at 150 and 200 mM concentrations of NaCl in the Mirbashir-128 variety. The Bezostaya and Nurlu-99 varieties manifested medium tolerance, while the Sheki-1 variety was relatively less tolerant. Keywords: NaCl, wheat varieties, germination energy, germination percentage, chlorophyll.

Download Full-text