Genotypic Variability of Photosynthetic Parameters in Maize Ear-Leaves at Different Cadmium Levels in Soil

Excess of cadmium (Cd) in soil leads to a number of adverse effects which challenge agricultural production. Aims of this study were to investigate variations in Cd content in leaves (Zea mays L.) of different maize genotypes and to detect effects of Cd on photosynthesis through chlorophyll a fluorescence. Pot vegetation experiments with four maize genotypes and four different soil Cd levels were repeated for two years. Chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis for ear-leaf Cd and zinc (Zn) and soil Cd were carried out. Significant differences between genotypes were found for leaf Cd, where higher Cd soil concentrations resulted in higher Cd leaf concentrations. Cd uptake into maize leaves increased with increasing Cd levels in soil, which was genotype-dependent and higher and lower Cd accumulating groups were formed. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence caused by elevated Cd levels in soil were mostly visible as changes in dissipation energy, yields of primary photosystem II photochemistry and electron transport. Decrease of reaction centers per antenna chlorophyll and increased variable fluorescence at J step (VJ) resulted in decrease of performance indexes in the highest Cd concentration. Decreases in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters suggest reduced functionality of reaction centers and problems in re-oxidation of primary quinone acceptor (QA).

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Barnyardgrass control using tank-mixed herbicides with saflufenacil and its influence in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20190919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Cassiano Salin Pigatto ◽

Camila Peligrinotti Tarouco ◽

Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso ◽

Álvaro Luis Pasquetti Berghetti ◽

Glauco Pacheco Leães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Gas Analyzer ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Negative Effect ◽

And Control ◽

Infrared Gas Analyzer

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this research were to evaluate the interaction between herbicides mixed with saflufenacil for the control of barnyardgrass and to determine the effect on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a 2x8 factorial scheme, whose factor A tested resistant and susceptible biotypes; and factor B the herbicides: saflufenacil (70 g a.i. ha-1), clomazone (180 g a.i. ha-1), imazapyr + imazapic (73.5 + 24.5 g a.i. ha-1), and cyhalofop (360 g a.i. ha-1), the mixtures of these herbicides with saflufenacil, and control without treatment. Weed control was assessed 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after herbicide application (DAA), as well as shoot dry matter at 28 DAA, photosynthetic parameters using infrared gas analyzer (IRGA), and emission of chlorophyll a fluorescence after 24 and 28 hours of application of treatments, respectively, and interaction of herbicides. Combination of saflufenacil with the herbicides tested in general did not change the response of both barnyardgrass biotypes to the herbicides used. The resistant biotype showed a lower negative effect on chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis parameters in the combination of herbicides with saflufenacil. The herbicide cyhalofop was effective for the control of ALS-susceptible and resistant barnyardgrass.

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Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in four maize genotypes influenced by first phase of salt stress

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v30i0.41554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 26-32

Author(s):

MN Uddin ◽

MIU Hoque ◽

S Monira ◽

MAA Bari

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Pure Line ◽

Photosynthesis Rate ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Fluorescence Characteristics

Responses in photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and chlorophyll content of four maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes were examined under first phase of salt stress. In the experiment four maize genotypes viz. indigenous yellow pure line, indigenous yellow, hybrid, and indigenous white were tested in two levels of salinity (control: without NaCl application; salinity: 12 dS m-1 by applying NaCl). The experiment was laid out following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in the net house of Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Plants were harvested on day 21 after 7 d application of full salt stress (12 dS m-1). The reductions of shoot fresh masses under salinity were 70, 57, 55 and 61% in indigenous yellow pure line, indigenous yellow, hybrid, and indigenous white, respectively. Some core physiological parameters viz. net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and the chlorophyll content decreased in all the maize genotypes except indigenous white under first phase of salt stress. In contrast, the ratio of variable ﬂuorescence to maximal ﬂuorescence (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II significantly decreased only in indigenous yellow pure line under salinity stress. Thus the first phase of salt stress seemed to be deleterious on its response to shoot fresh mass production in all the tested four maize genotypes with the concomitant decrease in rate of photosynthesis, rate of transpiration, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content in all genotypes except indigenous white. Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 26-32, 2019

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Assessing drought tolerance of traditional maize genotypes of Mozambique using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/j.sajb.2021.01.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 138 ◽

pp. 311-317

Author(s):

Hamilton Chiango ◽

Andreia Figueiredo ◽

Lisete Sousa ◽

Thomas Sinclair ◽

Jorge Marques da Silva

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Maize Genotypes

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Short-term responses of primary processes in PS II to low temperature are sensitively indicated by fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics in Antarctic lichen Dermatocarpon polyphyllizum

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2017-1-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michaela Marečková ◽

Miloš Barták

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Low Temperature ◽

High Energy ◽

Temperature Decrease ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Dark Light ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Quinone Acceptor

In this study, we investigated the effects of low temperature on the fast chlorophyll fluo-rescence transient (OJIP) and OJIP-derived parameters in chlorolichen Dermatocarpon polyphyllizum expossed to a gradually decreasing temperature (22°C, 18°C, 14°C, 12°C, 10°C, 7°C and 4°C). The segments of lichen thalli were exposed to a certain temperature either in dark- and light-adapted state for 10 minutes in order to evaluate the effects on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The initial photochemical phase of the transient (O-J) due to reduction of the primary quinone acceptor (QA) was found temperature dependent. The K-step was apparent for the samples measured at the temperature above 12°C, but not below 10oC in light-adapted lichen thalli. With the thallus temperature decrease, majority of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters derived from OJIP (ET0/RC, Psi_0, and DI0/RC) showed no change in light-adapted samples but a decrease in dark-adapted samples. The effects of dark- / light-adaptation of the lichen samples on the OJIP and OJIP-derived parameters was attributed to the differences in production/utilization of high-energy products of primary photochemical processes of photosynthesis in dark- and light-adapted state, respectively. The other parameters (ABS/RC, TR0/RC) showed a decrease with thallus temperature decrease both in light- and dark-adapted samples. The results suggest that fast chlorophyll fluorescence trasient is an useful tool to investigate temperature-dependent changes in photosystem II in chlorolichens, their photobionts, respectively.

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Shade stress on maize seedlings biomass production and photosynthetic traits

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20201022 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Liuzheng Yuan ◽

Jiayou Liu ◽

Zhiyong Cai ◽

Huiqiang Wang ◽

Jiafeng Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Natural Light ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Mda Content ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT: The responses of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, ‘LY336’ (shade tolerant) and ‘LC803’ (shade sensitive), to shade stress in a pot experiment conducted in the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons were investigated. The impact of 50% shade stress treatment on shoot biomass, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was evaluated. The shoot biomass of the two maize hybrids was decreased significantly by shade stress treatment, for shade stress 7 d, the LC803 and LY336 were reduced by 56.7% and 44.4% compared with natural light. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of LY336 were not significantly affected by shade stress, whereas those of LC803 were significantly affected, the Fo increased under shade stress; however Fm, FV/FM and ΦPSII were decreased under shade stress. Among photosynthetic parameters measured, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate were significantly decreased compared with natural light, LY336 and LC803 reduction by 28.0%, 22.2%, 57.7% and 35.5%, 18.9%, 62.4%; however, intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was significantly increased, for the two cultivars. Under shade stress for different durations (1, 3, 5, 7 d), Pn, Gs, Ci, and MDA content differed significantly between the two cultivars. Results indicated that different maize genotypes showed different responses to shading. Shade-tolerant genotypes are only weakly affected by shade stress.

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EFFECTS OF PESTICIDE ON THE CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE PARAMETERS IN NO-HEADING CHINESE CABBAGE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2010.856.28 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 211-216

Author(s):

Z.K. Gao ◽

T. Zhao ◽

M. Wang ◽

W.L. Zhang ◽

J.P. He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Heading Chinese Cabbage

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Response of Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Castanopsis kawakamii Seedlings to Forest Gaps

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11010021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Zhong-sheng He ◽

Rong Tang ◽

Meng-jia Li ◽

Meng-ran Jin ◽

Cong Xin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Light ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Forest Gaps ◽

Low Light Intensity ◽

Weak Light

Light is a major environmental factor limiting the growth and survival of plants. The heterogeneity of the light environment after gap formation in forest influences the leaf chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and chlorophyll fluorescence, thus influencing the growth and regeneration of Castanopsis kawakamii seedlings. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of weak light on the photosynthetic physiology of C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps and non-gaps. The results showed that (1) the contents of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (Chl-T) in forest gaps were lower than in non-gaps. Seedlings tended to increase chlorophyll content to absorb light energy to adapt to low light intensity in non-gap environments. (2) The Pn values of C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps were significantly higher than in non-gaps, and forest gaps could improve the seedlings’ photosynthetic capacity. (3) The C. kawakamii seedlings in forest gaps were more sensitive to weak light and control group treatment, especially the tall seedlings, indicating that seedlings require more light to satisfy their growth needs in the winter. The seedlings in non-gaps demonstrated better adaptability to low light intensity. The light intensity was not adequate in weak light conditions and limited seedling growth. We suggest that partial forest selection cutting could improve light intensity in non-gaps, thus promoting seedling growth and regeneration of C. kawakamii more effectively in this forest.

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Photoinduced toxicity of fluoranthene on primary processes of photosynthesis in lichens

The Lichenologist ◽

10.1017/s0024282907006111 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 91-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marie KUMMEROVÁ ◽

štěpán ZEZULKA ◽

Jana KRULOVÁ ◽

Jan TŘÍSKA

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Bioconcentration Factor ◽

Lichen Species ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Photochemical Processes ◽

Symbiotic Algae ◽

Lasallia Pustulata ◽

Photoinduced Toxicity ◽

Umbilicaria Hirsuta

The effect of increasing concentrations (0·01, 0·1, 1 and 5 mg l−1) of intact (FLT) and photo-modified (phFLT) fluoranthene and the duration of exposure (1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days) on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F0, FV/FM, and ΦII) of symbiotic algae in the thalli of two foliose lichens Lasallia pustulata and Umbilicaria hirsuta was investigated. In addition the FLT concentration in thalli of both lichen species was determined and a bioconcentration factor (BCF) was calculated. The results obtained demonstrated that the concentrations of FLT and especially phFLT (1 and 5 mg l−1) applied affected primary photochemical processes of photosynthesis in the algae of both lichen species. The F0 value increased and the FV/FM and ΦII values decreased. The fluoranthene content in the thallus of both lichen species increased with increasing FLT concentration in the environment.

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The Electrogenic Event Associated with the Reduction of the Secondary Quinone Acceptor in Rhodobacter Sphaeroides Reaction Centers

Molecular Biology of Membrane-Bound Complexes in Phototrophic Bacteria ◽

10.1007/978-1-4757-0893-6_39 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 329-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Yu. Semenov ◽

M. D. Mamedov ◽

V. P. Shinkarev ◽

M. I. Verkhovsky ◽

N. I. Zakharova

Keyword(s):

Rhodobacter Sphaeroides ◽

Reaction Centers ◽

Quinone Acceptor

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Photosynthetic response to nitrogen source and different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus in toxic cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905

Journal of Limnology ◽

10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1458 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guotao Peng ◽

Zhengqiu Fan ◽

Xiangrong Wang ◽

Chen Chen

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Algal Blooms ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽

Photosynthetic Response ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Ammonium Toxicity ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽

Fluorescence Parameters ◽

N Assimilation

The frequent outbreak of cyanobacterial blooms has become a worldwide phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems. Studies have elucidated the close relationship between harmful algal blooms and nutrient contents, including the loading of nitrogen and the ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In this study, the effect of inorganic (nitrate and ammonium) and organic (urea) nitrogen at varied N/P ratios on the Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 accumulation and photosynthesis was investigated. The optimal NO3/P in this study were 30~50 indicated by the cell abundance (4.1×106/mL), pigment concentration (chlorophyll a 3.1 mg/L, phycocyanin 8.3mg/L), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (rETR, Ek, α, φPSII and Fv/Fm values), while too high NO3-N (N/P=100:1) would cause an intracellular nitrate inhibition, leading to a decrease of photosynthetic activity. In addition, low concentration of NH4-N (N/P=4:1) would favor the M. aeruginosa growth and photosynthesis, and high NH4/P ratio (>16) would rise the ammonium toxicity of algal cells and affect the N assimilation. In urea treatments, M. aeruginosa responded similarly to the NH4-N treatments both in growth curves and pigment contents, and the favorable N/P ratio was between 16~30, suggested by the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results demonstrated that the various chemical forms of N and N/P ratios have a significant impact on Microcystis abundance and photosynthesis. More work is needed to figure out the mechanism of nitrogen utilization by Microcystis and the photosynthetic response to nutrient stress at the molecular level.

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