scholarly journals A Remote Sensing-Based Approach to Management Zone Delineation in Small Scale Farming Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1767
Author(s):  
Davide Cammarano ◽  
Hainie Zha ◽  
Lucy Wilson ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
William D. Batchelor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Management Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
The Village

Small-scale farms represent about 80% of the farming area of China, in a context where they need to produce economic and environmentally sustainable food. The objective of this work was to define management zone (MZs) for a village by comparing the use of crop yield proxies derived from historical satellite images with soil information derived from remote sensing, and the integration of these two data sources. The village chosen for the study was Wangzhuang village in Quzhou County in the North China Plain (NCP) (30°51′55″ N; 115°02′06″ E). The village was comprised of 540 fields covering approximately 177 ha. The subdivision of the village into three or four zones was considered to be the most practical for the NCP villages because it is easier to manage many fields within a few zones rather than individually in situations where low mechanization is the norm. Management zones defined using Landsat satellite data for estimation of the Green Normalized Vegetation Index (GNDVI) was a reasonable predictor (up to 45%) of measured variation in soil nitrogen (N) and organic carbon (OC). The approach used in this study works reasonably well with minimum data but, in order to improve crop management (e.g., sowing dates, fertilization), a simple decision support system (DSS) should be developed in order to integrate MZs and agronomic prescriptions.

scholarly journals Assimilation of the Chulym Turkic People by the Russians in the First Half of the XIX Century: the case of the Kolmogorov Family from Chumay Village

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal District ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Peasant Community ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Village

The article deals with the assimilation of Siberian indigenous peoples by the first Russian settlers in the north of the Kemerovo region. The research was based on the historical and genealogical methods and featured a microhistorical analysis of a particular settlement of the Chulym Turkic people who lived in the Kiya river basin in the first half of the XIX century. The paper introduces the case of the Kolmogorov family of old-timers from the village of Сhumay (Chebulinsky municipal district of the Kemerovo region). The author studied memoirs and parish documents to trace the changes in the status of the Kolmogorovs: from representatives of the indigenous peoples who paid a regular tribute in furs (yasak) to peasants. The research also helped to define the borders of the yasak territories and establish the conditions that encouraged the yasak-payers to settle down as peasants. The exposure to peasantry and Russification was a long stage: it took the Kolmogorovs 25 years to enter the peasant community of Сhumay village. Moreover, the process was small-scale and random in the period under review.

Mapping lake drainage and drained lake basins around Point Lay, Alaska using multi-source remote sensing data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bergstedt ◽  
Benjamin Jones ◽  
Donald Walker ◽  
Louise Farquharson ◽  
Amy Breen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Slope ◽  
The North ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Lake Drainage ◽  
The Village ◽  
Lake Basins

<p>The North Slope of Alaska is a permafrost affected landscape dominated by lakes and drained lake basins of different sizes, depths and ages. Local communities across the North Slope region rely on lakes as a fresh water source and as locations for subsistence fishing, while industry relies on lakes as a source of water for winter transportation. Lake drainage events are often disruptive to both communities and industry that rely on being in close proximity to surface water sources in a region underlain by continuous permafrost. Drained lake basins of different ages can provide information on the past effects of climate change in the region. Studying past drainage events gives insight about the causes and mechanisms of these complex systems and benefits our understanding of lake evolution on the Arctic Coastal Plain in Alaska and the circumpolar Arctic as a whole.</p><p>Lakes and drained lake basins can be identified using high to medium resolution multispectral imagery from a range of satellite-based sensors. We explore the history of lake drainage in the region around Point Lay, a community located on the northern Chukchi Coast of Alaska, using a multi-source remote sensing approach. We study the evolution of lake basins before and after drainage events, their transformation from fishing grounds and water sources to grazing grounds and the geomorphological changes in the surrounding permafrost-dominated landscapes associated with these transitions.  </p><p>We build a dense and long time series of satellite imagery of past lake drainage events by including a multitude of remote sensing acquisitions from different sources into our analysis. Incorporating imagery from different sensors that have different temporal and spatial resolutions allows us to assess past drainage events and current geomorphological states of lakes and drained lake basins at different temporal and spatial scales. Point Lay is known to be an area where drainage events occur frequently and are of high relevance to the community. In August of 2016, the village drinking water source drained during a period of intense rainfall causing the village to seek alternative sources for a freshwater supply. Our results from the analysis of the remotely sensed imagery were shared directly with the community as part of a public seminar series in the Spring of 2020. We hope that results from our study near Point Lay, Alaska can contribute towards the selection of a new freshwater source lake for the village.</p>

Quantifying water storage within the north of Lake Naivasha using sonar remote sensing and Landsat satellite data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Walker ◽  
J.D. Shutler ◽  
E.H.J. Morrison ◽  
D.M. Harper ◽  
J.C.B. Hoedjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Lake Naivasha ◽  
The North ◽  
Landsat Satellite

scholarly journals Perubahan Luasan Vegetasi Mangrove di Desa Bedono Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak Tahun 2009 dan 2019 Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Wisnu Adjie Pramudito ◽  
Jusup Suprijanto ◽  
Nirwani Soenardjo
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Avicennia Alba ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
The Village ◽  
Descriptive Method

ABSTRAK: Hutan Mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem vegetasi yang berada di wilayah pasang surut di pesisir, pantai dan pulau-pulau kecil. Pantai utara Jawa merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki ekosistem mangrove yang mengalami perubahan cukup signifikan. Pertambahan luasan vegetasi mangrove di desa Bedono dapat diamati dengan menggunakan citra dari satelit landsat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan luas lahan mangrove yang terjadi di kawasan pesisir Desa Bedono, Kecamatan Sayung, kabupaten Demak Tahun 2009 dan 2019. Metode yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian  dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif, metode yang memiliki tujuan yaitu melakukan pemecahan masalah yang digali secara luas tentang sebab-sebab atau hal-hal yang mempengaruhi terjadinya sesuatu berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang terjadi di lapangan. Untuk kegiatan groundcheck menggunakan metode sampling kuadrat yaitu membuat plot berukuran 10x10 m untuk kategori pohon yang di dalamnya terdapat subplot 5x5 m untuk kategori sapling dan 1x1 m untuk kategori seedling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertambahan luas lahan mangrove di Desa Bedono selama rentang waktu tahun 2009 – 2019, pada tahun 2009 sebesar 122.58 ha dan pada tahun 2019 sebesar 197.19 ha . luas vegetasi dalam kurun waktu tersebut mengalami pertambahan luas sebesar 74.76 ha. kerapatan di titik stasiun 1 memiliki kerapatan sebesar 3633 ind/ha, sementara di titik stasiun 2 dan 3 masing masing sebesar 3700 ind/ha dan 3500 ind/ha. Tiga spesies mangrove yang dapat ditemukan di kawasan mangrove desa Bedono adalah Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, dan Rhizopora mucronata. ABSTRACT: Mangrove forest is one of the vegetation ecosystems in the tidal areas on the coast, beaches and small islands. The north coast of Java is one of the regions that has a significant change in mangrove ecosystems. Changes in the extent of mangrove vegetation in the village of Bedono can be observed using imagery from the Landsat satellite. The purpose of this study was to assess changes occurred mangrove vegetation in coastal areas Bedono Village, District Sayung, Demak district in 2009 and 2019. The method applied in research using exploratory descriptive method, a method which has the goal of solving the problem are explored extensively on the causes or matters affecting the occurrence of something based on facts on the ground. For groundcheck activity using sampling methods squares that make plots measuring 10x10 m for the category tree in which there are subplots 5x5 m for category sampling and 1x1 m for category seedling. The results showed an increase in the area of mangrove land in the village of Bedono during the span of years 2009-2019, in 2009 amounted to 122.58 ha and in 2019 amounted to 197.19 ha the area of vegetation in this period experienced an increase in area of 74.76 ha. density at station 1 has a density of 3633 ind/ha, while at station 2 and 3 points respectively 3700 ind/ha and 3500 ind/ha. Mangrove species that can be found in the mangrove area of Bedono village are Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, and Rhizopora mucronata.

scholarly journals DETECTION AGRICULTURE DEGRADATION FOR THE SOUTH OF BAGHDAD CITY USING REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR YEARS 2010-2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Taif Adil DHAMIN ◽  
Ebtesam F. KHANJER ◽  
Fouad K. MASHEE
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The South ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Rs And Gis ◽  
Landsat Satellite

Recently, the develop of the science of remote sensing enabled humanity to achieve the accuracy and wide coverage for different natural phenomena, disasters and applications (such as desertification, rainstorms, floods, fires, sweeping torrents, urban planning, and even in military). The main aim of this study is monitoring, highlighting and assessing maps for the degradation of agriculture in the south areas of Baghdad governorate (Al-Rasheed, Al-Yusufiyah, Al-Mahmudiyah, Al-Latifiyah, and Al-Madaen). Based to several factors, including the economic, social and military operations, the area had suffer the lands degradation which led to agriculture retreating. Remote sensing and Geographic information system (GIS) was applied, using ArcGIS 10.4.1 to process, manage, and analysis datasets, beside field verification to estimate the severity assessment of a computerized land degradation. Two satellites were adapted Landsat5 TM+ and Landsat8 OLI/TIRS imageries to assess the extent of land degradation for the study area during the years (5th May 2010 and 2nd May 2019). Two indices used in this research are: The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index “NDVI”, and The Normalized Differential Water Index “NDWI”. The results showed that there is a clear spatial reduction in both NDVI and NDWI, where the NDVI reduced from 2461082400 m2 to 1552698000 m2, accounting for 89.67 and 56.57 percent, respectively, while the NDWI reduced from 14166000 m2 to 12053700 m2, accounting for 0.52, and 0.44 percent, respectively. Keywords: Agriculture Degradation, RS And GIS Techniques, Landsat Satellite Imagery, NDVI And NDWI.

scholarly journals In-Season Diagnosis of Winter Wheat Nitrogen Status in Smallholder Farmer Fields Across a Village Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Remote Sensing

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Chen ◽  
Yuxin Miao ◽  
Junjun Lu ◽  
Lan Zhou ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Smallholder Farmer ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
N Management ◽  
N Status

Improving nitrogen (N) management of small-scale farming systems in developing countries is crucially important for food security and sustainable development of world agriculture, but it is also very challenging. The N Nutrition Index (NNI) is a reliable indicator for crop N status, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective method to non-destructively estimate crop NNI in different smallholder farmer fields to guide in-season N management. The eBee fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based remote sensing system, a ready-to-deploy aircraft with a Parrot Sequoia+ multispectral camera onboard, has been used for applications in precision agriculture. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the potential of using fixed-wing UAV-based multispectral remote sensing for non-destructive estimation of winter wheat NNI in different smallholder farmer fields across the study village in the North China Plain (NCP) and (ii) develop a practical strategy for village-scale winter wheat N status diagnosis in small scale farming systems. Four plot experiments were conducted within farmer fields in 2016 and 2017 in a village of Laoling County, Shandong Province in the NCP for evaluation of a published critical N dilution curve and for serving as reference plots. UAV remote sensing images were collected from all the fields across the village in 2017 and 2018. About 150 plant samples were collected from farmer fields and plot experiments each year for ground truthing. Two indirect and two direct approaches were evaluated for estimating NNI using vegetation indices (VIs). To facilitate practical applications, the performance of three commonly used normalized difference VIs were compared with the top performing VIs selected from 59 tested indices. The most practical and stable method was using VIs to calculate N sufficiency index (NSI) and then to estimate NNI non-destructively (R2 = 0.53–0.56). Using NSI thresholds to diagnose N status directly was quite stable, with a 57–59% diagnostic accuracy rate. This strategy is practical and least affected by the choice of VIs across fields, varieties, and years. This study demonstrates that fixed-wing UAV–based remote sensing is a promising technology for in-season diagnosis of winter wheat N status in smallholder farmer fields at village scale. The considerable variability in local soil conditions and crop management practices influenced the overall accuracy of N diagnosis, so more studies are needed to further validate and optimize the reported strategy and consecutively develop practical UAV remote sensing–based in-season N recommendation methods.

scholarly journals Fishers’ responses to the Danish seiner ban and the history of fisheries governance on the Java north coast

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pujo Semedi ◽  
Katharina Schneider
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

AbstractIn 2015, the Indonesian government announced that it would prohibit the operation of the so-called cantrang (Danish Seine). The stated purpose of the cantrang ban was to make marine fisheries more environmentally sustainable. In response, cantrang fishers along the north coast of Java staged mass protests, and after 3 years of negotiations and uncertainty, the government exempted the cantrang fleets on the Java north coast from the policy. This paper analyses fishers’ responses to the ban from a historical and ethnographic perspective. Specifically, it compares the cantrang ban to two earlier government interventions in the fisheries on the Java north coast, one in 1905, the second 1980/81. With each intervention, a new governance principle was introduced to small-scale fisheries, established elites transferred their capital elsewhere, and new elites emerged who supported the new principle locally. Since 2015, however, only very few members of the established elites have exited the cantrang fishery, and no members of a new local elite have emerged yet who would support sustainability as a governance principle for fisheries. The paper aims to clarify why this was the case. More generally, it suggests that understanding the history of fisheries governance on the Java north coast requires attention to the role of local elites, and therefore to social differentiations among fishers.

scholarly journals Woody encroachment and forest degradation in sub-Saharan Africa's woodlands and savannas 1982–2006

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1625) ◽  
pp. 20120406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. A. Mitchard ◽  
Clara M. Flintrop
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Woody Encroachment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Sub Saharan

We review the literature and find 16 studies from across Africa's savannas and woodlands where woody encroachment dominates. These small-scale studies are supplemented by an analysis of long-term continent-wide satellite data, specifically the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series from the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) dataset. Using dry-season data to separate the tree and grass signals, we find 4.0% of non-rainforest woody vegetation in sub-Saharan Africa (excluding West Africa) significantly increased in NDVI from 1982 to 2006, whereas 3.52% decreased. The increases in NDVI were found predominantly to the north of the Congo Basin, with decreases concentrated in the Miombo woodland belt. We hypothesize that areas of increasing dry-season NDVI are undergoing woody encroachment, but the coarse resolution of the study and uncertain relationship between NDVI and woody cover mean that the results should be interpreted with caution; certainly, these results do not contradict studies finding widespread deforestation throughout the continent. However, woody encroachment could be widespread, and warrants further investigation as it has important consequences for the global carbon cycle and land–climate interactions.

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