scholarly journals Water Quality for Agricultural Irrigation and Aquatic Arsenic Health Risk in the Altay and Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2270
Author(s):  
Wen Liu ◽  
Long Ma ◽  
Jilili Abuduwaili
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Tianshan Mountain ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Altay Mountains

Due to a lack of water-quality studies compared with water-quantity studies, an investigation into the factors influencing the hydrochemical composition of the rivers in the Tianshan and Altay Mountains was conducted with a model of multiple linear regression, while the suitability of the water quality for irrigation and the health risks of arsenic (As) were assessed with classical evaluation methods. The results suggest that 44.0% of the water samples from the Altay Mountains fell into the Ca-HCO3 category type, 48.0% of the water samples were of the Ca-HCO3-Cl type, and the remaining samples belonged to the Ca-Na-HCO3-Cl type. In the Tianshan Mountain area, 58.6% of the water samples fell into the Ca-HCO3 hydrochemical category, 20.7% of the water samples were of the Ca-HCO3-Cl type, and 20.7% of the water samples belonged to the Ca-Na-HCO3-Cl type. The major ions in the water were dominated by the control of the water and rock interaction. The interaction between water and rock in the Altay area controlled 69.2% of the overall variance in the As content in the river waters, and it dominated 76.2% of the variance in the Tianshan region. The river waters in the Altay and Tianshan Mountain regions are suitable for agricultural irrigation with excellent-to-good water quality. The results also suggest that there is no non-carcinogenic risk and that the carcinogenic risk is between the acceptable/tolerable risk range of 10−6–10−4, except only one sample in Tianshan Mountain region. The research methodology provided a reference for revealing the potential sources of toxic element pollution, and the results provided a scientific basis for regional agricultural irrigation, as well as a reference for decision making on the environmental protection of the watershed.

scholarly journals Distribution, Sources and Water Quality Evaluation of the Riverine Solutes: A Case Study in the Lancangjiang River Basin, Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinke Liu ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
River Water ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Silicate Weathering ◽  
Carbonate Weathering ◽  
Atmospheric Input ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs

To examine the chemical composition, potential sources of solutes, and water quality of Lancangjiang River, the concentrations of major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3−, SO42−, Cl− and NO3−) in 45 river water samples collected in July and August 2019 were determined. Ca2+ and HCO3− are the predominant ions in river water. The extremely low K+ and NO3− concentrations and the sparse population suggest that the anthropogenic inputs are limited. The Pearson correlation coefficients and the elemental ratios Ca2+/Na+ versus Mg2+/Na+, Ca2+/Na versus HCO3−/Na+, [Ca2+ + Mg2+]/[HCO3−] versus [SO42−]/[HCO3−] reveal the mixing processes of different sources; the chemical composition of the river water is controlled by the mixture of carbonate weathering, evaporite weathering and silicate weathering inputs. To quantify the contributions of atmospheric input and rock dissolution, the forward method is employed in this study, which is based on the mass balance equation. The calculation results suggest the carbonate weathering inputs and gypsum dissolution make up the majority of the riverine cations, while silicate weathering and halite dissolution constitutes a relatively small proportion, the contributions of the atmospheric input are limited. The fast dissolution rate of evaporite and carbonate minerals and their lithologic distributions should be the key factor. To evaluate the water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes, the drinking water quality guidelines and the calculated parameters were employed, including sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (Na%,) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC). The assessments indicate that the river waters in the middle-lower reaches are generally suitable for irrigation and drinking purpose, and will not lead to health and soil problems, such as soil compaction and salinization. While in the upper reaches, the dissolution of carbonate and gypsum minerals transport abundant ions into river water and the river waters are not appropriate to use directly. This result highlights that the water quality status can also be affected by natural weathering processes in the area without anthropogenic inputs, where the long-time monitoring of water quality is also necessary.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry and Water Quality Indices of River Ose Water, Southern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel O. Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Water Quality Indices ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems

Background Objective: River Ose has flowing water throughout the year that can serve for irrigation and domestic purposes. This study examined the hydrochemistry, water quality indices and coliform counts of River Ose Water, Nigeria with a view to ascertain its suitability for drinking and irrigation.Materials and Method: For this purpose, 15 water samples were collected along the flowing river channel and subjected to physico-chemical and e-coli determination using standard methods. Water quality index (WQI) and Irrigation parameters (Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Percentage sodium (%Na), Residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), Kelly’s ratio (KR), Permeability index (PI) and Magnesium absorption ratio (MAR)) were calculated from the chemical data obtained from the analyses.Results: Results of the analyses revealed that pH (9.7 pH of the water samples were of alkaline nature with all the water samples exceeding approved standard for drinking water. Drinking alkaline water may deactivate pepsin but it could lead to gastrointestinal problems and metabolic alkalosis. Electrical conductivity (µS/cm), Total dissolved solids (mg/L) as well as Total hardness of all analyzed water samples fell in the category of fresh water. HCO3- and Cl- were the dominant anions while Na+ and K+ constitute the dominant cations in the water chemistry. The abundance of major ions revealed Na+> K+ >Mg2+>Ca2+ and HCO3->Cl->SO42->NO3- trend. The dominant hydrogeochemical facies was mixed Ca2+-Na+-HCO3- (93%) with few mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl- (7%) while calculated WQI was 89.44. All samples tested positive to e-coli count ranging from 1.71*101 – 8.100*103.Conclusion: The analyzed physico-chemical parameters in all River Ose water samples were well within approved desirable limits except for the pH. However, the water was not potable as all samples tested positive to e-coli counts. In addition, WQI calculation revealed that the water has very poor drinking quality. Sources of ions in the River were predominantly from rainfall and minor weathering from the bedrocks. Irrigation quality parameters (SAR, %Na, RSBC and KR) indicated that River Ose water was good for irrigation. However, applying the water on salt sensitive plants is not advisable as irrigation evaluation employing PI and MAR showed that the water was not suitable for irrigation.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Hydrochemistry and Stable Isotopes in a Karst Region in Samcheok, Republic of Korea

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Jiwook Jang ◽  
Jin-Yong Lee ◽  
Heejung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
High Precipitation

Karst regions cover approximately 10% of the Korean Peninsula and are highly vulnerable to contamination. In this study, five field surveys were conducted between 2017 and 2019 to examine the monthly and seasonal changes in the hydro-environment of a characteristic karst region in Samchoek, South Korea. During the surveys, a total of 24 surface water samples were collected and analyzed for field water quality parameters, major and minor ions, and stable isotopes. The results indicate that the water quality in the study area is significantly affected by precipitation. Overall, the water was classified as a Ca-Mg-HCO3 type, and correlation analysis of the major ions detected in the water samples indicates that the inflow of nitrate to the surface water originated from agricultural activities in the region. Furthermore, variations caused by climate were verified using the relationships between the various ions. In addition, high precipitation rates during the rainy season cause the active exchange of surface material, which was verified using stable isotope outliers. The results provide a scientific basis for studying the connectivity of water systems in complex karst hydrogeological regions and can aid future sustainable management of water resources in these regions.

A comparison between the water quality of the main tributaries to three submontane dam reservoirs and the sediment quality in those reservoirs

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Szarek-Gwiazda ◽  
Grażyna Mazurkiewicz-Boroń
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Dam Reservoirs

A comparison between the water quality of the main tributaries to three submontane dam reservoirs and the sediment quality in those reservoirsNutrients, pH, and organic matter were determined in water samples collected from the Raba River above Dobczyce Reservoir (meso-eutrophic), from the Dunajec River above Czorsztyn Reservoir (mesotrophic), and Rożnów Reservoir (eutrophic), and in the bottom sediments of the reservoirs. The river waters were alkaline (pH 7.2-9.2). In the Raba River and Dunajec River, the ranges of nutrients and organic matter contents were similar (without significant differences) (in mg dm

scholarly journals A STUDY OF SPRING WATER QUALITY AND ITS SUITABILITY FOR DIFFERENT USES IN THE AREA OF BARTELLA – EASTERN MOSUL

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. M. Sulaiman ◽  
Asaad A. M. AL-Hussein ◽  
Alaa S. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The water of the three springs in the village of Tarjla (located in the area of Bartala, eastern Mosul) is characterized by different physical and chemical properties depending on the results of the laboratory tests of (NTU, EC, TDS, TH, PH) and major ions (Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl-, ) for six selected water samples for the study area. This difference did not remain constant, but changed with the flow of water to the neighboring villages (Sheikh Amir, Shaquli, Karemlesh), where the percentages of physical and chemical concentrations have changed in terms of the increase and decrease of some water samples. This is due to the time factor and the water contact of some of the soils and rocks that encountered their flow as well as exposure to the sun. The purpose of the research is to study the quality of springs water to determine its suitability for different uses. Using the Piper and Stiff classifications, the water quality is calcium-bicarbonate, the calcium ion predominates over the rest of the positive ions and the bicarbonate ion prevails over the rest of the negative ions, this indicates that spring number (1) and spring number (3) are derived from the Fat'ha formation deposits, which contain limestone and gypsum rocks that contain high concentrations of sulphates. The spring number (2) is derived from the Injana formation and modern sediments that is hydraulically connected with each other and can be considered one reservoir. By comparing the results of laboratory tests with the international standards, it was found that the water of spring number (2) is suitable for human use, and that the water of spring’s number (1) and (3) are not suitable for human use because they contain a high proportion of sulfur ions. All water samples are suitable for agricultural and animal use and very good to excellent

Characteristics of stable isotope and hydrochemistry of surface water, and their significance on the Huaibei plain, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Song Chen
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Carbonate Weathering ◽  
River Waters ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Hydrogen And Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Δd And Δ18o

Eighteen river- and two ground- water samples were collected on Huaibei plain. The major ions, and hydrogen and oxygen isotope concentrations were determined, and statistical and other analyses carried out. The results showed that all of the waters are alkaline, with high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations. Na+ + K+, and SO42− + HCO3− are the dominant anionic and cationic species, respectively, and the waters are mainly Na·K-SO4 and Na·K-HCO3 types. The δD and δ18O in river waters ranged from −53.07‰ to −22.07‰ and −6.97‰ to −1.23‰, with average values of −38.30‰ and −4.09‰, respectively. The δD and δ18O concentrations in groundwater were lower than in the river water samples. The correlation between δD and δ18O concentrations in the river water can be described by the formula δD = 5.32*δ18O − 16.54, which can also be considered the local evaporation line. The ionic content and character of the river water is mainly controlled by precipitation, evaporation and carbonate weathering, as deduced from the Gibbs diagram and principal component analyses.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment for the Upper Reaches of Syr Darya River in Aral Sea Basin, Central Asia

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma ◽  
Abuduwaili ◽  
Li ◽  
Abdyzhaparuulu ◽  
Mu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
River Waters

Based on water sampling of the upper reaches of the Syr River and its tributaries from the parts of Aral Sea Basin in Kyrgyzstan, the chemical compositions of river waters were systematically analyzed for revealing the hydrochemical characteristics and evaluating the water quality. Research indicates that there are some differences in ion concentration between the low-flow season (LFS) and high-flow season (HFS), but the hydrochemical classification reflected that all water samples fall in the calcium bicarbonate category, except that only three samples fall in the not dominant category during the LFS. The water quality classification shows that the water samples fall in the excellent to good categories for irrigation use. The analysis shows that the main ions of river waters come from the weathering of rocks, and the dissolution of carbonates is higher than that of silicates. Human activities have had an impact on the waterbody, especially inferred from the indicators of NH4-N and fecal coliform (FC). FC groups were detected in some rivers, in which the detection rate at the high-water level increased. The contents of potentially toxic elements are lower than international drinking water standards, but there are clustering differences between the LFS and HFS. There may be anthropogenic intrusions of Cu, Pb, and Zn during the LFS period and of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd during the HFS period. The results fill the gaps in the study of the hydrochemical composition and water quality assessment in the Aral Sea Basin and will also provide a basis for water resource management and for the study of water quality evolution in the future.

scholarly journals Water Pollution in Chandpai Range of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
AKM Faruk E Azam ◽  
Md Anisuzzaman ◽  
Muhammad Maniruzzaman ◽  
Md Nizam Uddin ◽  
Abdullah Al Zabir
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Permissible Level ◽  
Sundarbans Mangrove ◽  
The Sundarbans ◽  
Alkaline Waters

The present study was conducted to assess the water quality at Chandpai range in Bagerhat district of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh. Seven water samples were collected during July to December 2014. The water were analyzed for pH, EC, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe and B. The EC values of rivers and canals water were found higher than that of the ponds. River waters of Chandpai range were detected as neutral to slightly alkaline. Waters from Karamjalkhal (Lake), Pasur river, Nandabala canal and Ismails Chila were found strongly saline (EC, 8-12 dSm-1), Bholakhal (lake) was moderately saline (EC, 4-8 dSm-1) and Boiddomari and Dashervarani ponds were poorly saline (EC<4 dSm-1) in nature. The concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn and B were found higher and P, Cu and Mn were lower at higher EC levels. The concentrations of K, S, Cu and B in most of the rivers exceeded the permissible level for aquaculture. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 123-130

scholarly journals Assessment of nitrate and its health risk capability in groundwater used by residents around a dumpsite in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Joshua Olu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Risk Effect

Anthropologic activities in our environment had been continuously associated with the release of nitrate a contaminant that has been linked with some dangerous health effects. This study assessed the concentration and health risk of nitrate in groundwater used by residents around a dumpsite. For this study groundwater samples were obtained randomly from 12 sampling sites near the Solos dumpsite at Igando, Alimosho local government area, Lagos, Nigeria. The water samples were analyzed for nitrate and some other physic-chemical parameters. The water quality index of the water samples was calculated to determine the suitability for consumption purposes. The non-carcinogenic hazard health risk associated with the nitrate level in the water samples was also assessed. The relationship between the nitrate in the water samples and the drinking water quality index (DWQI) was a positive one with r= 0.21 at p=0.517. The hazard index for ingestion (oral) route (HIoral) range were 0.024-0.962, 0.028-1.136 and 0.033-1.3 for male, female and children respectively. The dermal hazard index (HIdermal) shows range of 0.001-0.026 for male, 0.001-0.027 for female and 0.002-0,071 for children. Sample 6 had Total hazard index (HItotal) greater than 1for both female adult and children as 1.163 and 1.371 respectively. All water samples on this study had the presence of nitrate that were positive correlated with water quality index and only one of the samples nitrate concentration was associated with high health non-carcinogenic risk effect especially in children and women.

Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of Pond Water under Mymensingh Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
F Zannat ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
MA Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

A study was conducted to evaluate the water quality parameters of pond water at Mymensingh Urban region. The water samples were collected from 30 ponds located at Mymensingh Urban Region during August to October 2010. The chemical analyses of water samples included pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, S, Mn and As were done by standard methods. The chemical properties in pond water were found pH 6.68 to 7.14, EC 227 to 700 ?Scm-1, Na 15.57 to 36.00 ppm, K 3.83 to 16.16 ppm, Ca 2.01 to 7.29 ppm, S 1.61 to 4.67 ppm, Mn 0.33 to 0.684 ppm and As 0.0011 to 0.0059 ppm. The pH values of water samples revealed that water samples were acidic to slightly alkaline in nature. The EC value revealed that water samples were medium salinity except one sample and also good for irrigation. According to drinking water standard Mn toxicity was detected in pond water. Considering Na, Ca and S ions pond water was safe for irrigation and aquaculture. In case of K ion, all the samples were suitable for irrigation but unsuitable for aquaculture.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 85-89 2015

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