scholarly journals The Effect of TIBA and NPA on Shoot Regeneration of Cannabis sativa L. Epicotyl Explants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Mariola Dreger ◽  
Milena Szalata
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Industrial Hemp

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L., family Cannabaceae) is a multi-purpose crop, used in the production of food, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and medicines. Therefore, development of new varieties with specific chemical profiles is necessary. In vitro culture methods could be complementary to conventional breeding and a useful tool for large-scale propagation. Strong apical dominance is considered as one of the factors contributing to the recalcitrance of industrial hemp in shoot proliferation. In this study, we tested the polar transport inhibitors N-1-naphtylphtalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) to enhance shoot regeneration as the result of suppression of apical dominance and to develop in vitro protocols for Diana, Finola and Fedora 17 cultivars. Shoot tips derived from epicotyls were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with meta-topolin (mT) and NPA, and also thidiazuron (TDZ) with a combination of TIBA and NPA. The results showed that the combination of TDZ with NPA (1–5 mg L−1) and TDZ with TIBA (0.5–2.5 mg L−1) increased the response of explants and the multiplication rate, but the effect was genotype-dependent and malformations were observed. To optimize the developed protocol, a two-step procedure with shortened time of exposure to inhibitors and reduced concentrations of them was applied. Shoots were rooted on media containing indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and then successfully acclimatized. The obtained results will be useful in micropropagation of recalcitrant industrial hemp varieties.

scholarly journals Growth and Development of Lingonberry Cultivars as Affected by In Vitro and Ex Vitro Culture Methods and Source Propagule

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 891A-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Debnath*
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

The morphological development of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) plants propagated either by conventional softwood cuttings or by in vitro shoot proliferation from nodal explants or by shoot regeneration from excised leaves of micropropagated shoots, was studied in cultivars `Regal', `Splendor', and `Erntedank'. Significant differences were observed between the treatments. In vitro-derived plants produced more shoots branches and rhizomes in contrast to conventional cuttings which rarely produced rhizomes. Plants propagated from cuttings had a lower number but vigorous shoots and thicker rhizomes than in vitro-derived plants. Source propagule had significant effect on multiplication rate. Another experiment evaluated the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) application to softwood cuttings on subsequent rooting, shoot development, and rhizome production. Treating cuttings with IBA did not significantly improve rhizome formation and elongation. In vitro culture on nutrient medium apparently induces the juvenile branching characteristics that favored rhizome production. The advantage of rhizome production of in vitro-derived plants over stem cuttings varied among genotypes.

scholarly journals In Vitro Micropropagation of the Medicinal Plant Physalis angulata L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-163
Author(s):  
Owk ANIEL KUMAR ◽  
Songa RAMESH ◽  
Sape SUBBA TATA
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Physalis Angulata

Physalis angulata L. is an important medicinal herb. An efficient direct adventitious plant regeneration protocol was developed for large scale propagation using leaf disc as explants. The explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.25-3.0 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) for primary shoot proliferation. Inclusion of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) in the culture medium along with BAP promoted a higher rate of shoot multiplication. The maximum number of shoots was produced in MS + BAP (1.0 mg/L) + IAA (0.5 mg/L) + GA3 (0.20 mg/L) after the third subculture. An average of 152.8 ± 0.40 shoots were produced from each leaf disc. For root induction the shootlets were transferred to MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest percentage of root induction was observed in 1.0 mg/L (IBA). Rooted plants were successfully established in the soil after hardening. The survival percentage of rooted plants on soil was found to be 85%. This result will facilitate the conservation and propagation of the important medicinal herb Physalis angulata L.

scholarly journals Media composition affects seed dormancy, apical dominance and phenolic profile of Knautia sarajevensis (Dipsacaceae), Bosnian endemic

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Karalija ◽  
Sanja Ćavar Zeljković ◽  
Petr Tarkowski ◽  
Edina Muratović ◽  
Adisa Parić
Keyword(s):  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractKnautia sarajevensisis an endemic plant of the Dinaric Alps and is mainly distributed on Bosnian Mountains. Due to the quite large flower heads and easy maintenance, this plant has a potential use as a substitute ornamental plant forK. arvensisin perennial beds. The current study evaluated the germination process in different treatments in an attempt to suppress dormancy and increase germination rate, and to develop a successful protocol for micropropagation. An over 60% germination rate was achieved through cultivation of seeds on MS basal medium with reduced mineral nutrient composition and the absence of sucrose. On the other hand, a below 10% germination rate was achieved with untreated seeds. Suppression of apical dominance was achieved through application of high concentrations of kinetin, apical shoot decapitation or cultivation of shoots in liquid media. Overall, liquid cultures were more successful as a micropropagation system for this plant. Shoots spontaneously developed roots on multiplication treatments and were successfully acclimatized. Moreover, phenolic compound profile was analysed in the light of the possible medicinal potential of this plant. Variable amounts of total phenolic compounds as well as individual phenolics were recorded, according to treatment and solidification of media. An increase in rosmarinic acid content was reported for kinetin treatments and acclimatized plants comparing to mother plants in natural habitat. The present study shows that choice of cytokinin concentration, explant type as well as culture type influences not only shoot proliferation and apical dominance suppression but alsoin vitroproduction of phenolics.

scholarly journals Improvement of micropropagation protocol of Phalaenopsis sp. for the method of direct shoot regeneration from nodes of floral spikes

2012 ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Milos Tanasic ◽  
Nevena Stojic ◽  
Radivoje Bulatovic ◽  
Marta Jovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Direct Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro ◽  
Direct Shoot

This paper succesfully investigated the possibility of modification of the micropropagation protocol of Phalaenopsis sp. with an aim to simplify the procedure and reduce the costs. The obtained results show that some medium components can be succesfully omitted (coconut water, glutamine, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid) and some of them (peptone) can be replaced with a cheaper constituent (soy flour) while preserving the quality of the obtained microplants. The multiplication rate was 7,6 shoots per explant after the period of 150 days of cultivation in vitro. On the same medium 60% of explants were rooted and roots were mostly well developed.

scholarly journals Development of an in vitro Callus Induction Protocol and Shoot Proliferation for Selected Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Accessions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Hundessa Fufa ◽  
Jiregna Daksa
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Buds

The present study was undertaken to establish a protocol for in vitro callusing of three Jatropha accessions, namely Metema, Adami Tulu and Shewa Robit from leaf explants. The medium supplemented with combination of 4.44 μM BAP and 4.52 μM 2,4-D resulted in maximum percentage of callus (100%) formed for all accessions. The maximum shoot regeneration (66.67%) from callus with 10.13 number of shoot was obtained from Shewa Robit in MS medum fortified with TDZ (2.27 μM ) and IBA (0.49 μM ). The presence of TDZ in the shoot regeneration medium has greater influence on the induction of adventitious shoot buds, whereas MS supplemented with BAP alone and combination with IBA did not induce shoot regeneration from callus culture. The results obtained in the present study would facilitate the high callus induction and regeneration responses in Jatropha for its improvement using biotechnological tools. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 131-141, 2020 (June)

High in vitro shoot proliferation in the apple cultivar Jonagold induced by benzyladenine analogues

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
J. Dobránszki ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Apple Cultivar ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Suppression Effect ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

The in vitro shoot multiplication of apple cv. Jonagold was tested on media containing benzyladenine, benzyladenine riboside or meta-topolin in different concentrations (from 0.0 to 5.0 mg l-1). The optimal concentration for the best multiplication varied according to the type of cytokinin. The highest multiplication rate (on average 6.9 and 5.9 new shoots per explant) was achieved using 5.0 mg l-1 meta-topolin or 2.0 mg l-1 benzyladenine riboside. The longest shoots were formed on media containing benzyladenine riboside at a concentration of 0.5 mg l-1. The length of newly developed shoots was strongly suppressed by high concentrations of different cytokinins, but the suppression effect of a high concentration of meta-topolin on shoot length was less than that of benzyladenine or benzyladenine riboside. In this study meta-topolin and benzyladenine riboside proved to be effective cytokinins to induce adequate shoot proliferation, while benzyladenine was the least active cytokinin

scholarly journals Cannabis sativa: From Therapeutic Uses to Micropropagation and Beyond

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2078
Author(s):  
Tristan K. Adams ◽  
Nqobile A. Masondo ◽  
Pholoso Malatsi ◽  
Nokwanda P. Makunga
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

The development of a protocol for the large-scale production of Cannabis and its variants with little to no somaclonal variation or disease for pharmaceutical and for other industrial use has been an emerging area of research. A limited number of protocols have been developed around the world, obtained through a detailed literature search using web-based database searches, e.g., Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar. This article reviews the advances made in relation to Cannabis tissue culture and micropropagation, such as explant choice and decontamination of explants, direct and indirect organogenesis, rooting, acclimatisation and a few aspects of genetic engineering. Since Cannabis micropropagation systems are fairly new fields, combinations of plant growth regulator experiments are needed to gain insight into the development of direct and indirect organogenesis protocols that are able to undergo the acclimation stage and maintain healthy plants desirable to the Cannabis industry. A post-culture analysis of Cannabis phytochemistry after the acclimatisation stage is lacking in a majority of the reviewed studies, and for in vitro propagation protocols to be accepted by the pharmaceutical industries, phytochemical and possibly pharmacological research need to be undertaken in order to ascertain the integrity of the generated plant material. It is rather difficult to obtain industrially acceptable micropropagation regimes as recalcitrance to the regeneration of in vitro cultured plants remains a major concern and this impedes progress in the application of genetic modification technologies and gene editing tools to be used routinely for the improvement of Cannabis genotypes that are used in various industries globally. In the future, with more reliable plant tissue culture-based propagation that generates true-to-type plants that have known genetic and metabolomic integrity, the use of genetic engineering systems including “omics” technologies such as next-generation sequencing and fast-evolving gene editing tools could be implemented to speed up the identification of novel genes and mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of Cannabis phytochemicals for large-scale production.

scholarly journals 312 Influence of BAP and CPPU on the in Vitro Shoot and Bud Proliferation of Apple Rootstocks M.111 and M.7

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 445F-446
Author(s):  
Adriano N. Nesi ◽  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
Jono B. da Silva ◽  
Adriana C. de M. Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Shoot Base ◽  
Better Than

This work aims to verify the effect of BAP (6-benzyladenine purine) and CPPU (forchlofenuron) on the in vitro shoot proliferation of apple rootstock cultivars M.111 and M.7 under different concentrations. The experiment was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory at Embrapa Temperate Climate in Pelotas, RS, Brazil. As initial explants, microcuttings were used from in vitro culture. The treatments consisted of the combination of two cultivars with cytokinins and six differents concentrations (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 μMol). The explants were inoculated in 250-mL flasks with 40 mL MS medium with agar (7.0 g·L-1), myo-inositol (100.0 g·L-1), NAA (0.005 mg·L-1), and sucrose (40.0 g·L-1). The pH was adjusted to 5.9 before autoclaving. After inoculations the culture was kept for 50 days under 25 ± 2 °C, 16-h photoperiod, and 19 μMol·m-2·s-1 radiation. CPPU performed better than BAP for cultivar M.111 and it had similar response for cultivar M.7 as bud and shoot multiplication and multiplication rate is concerned. The BAP increased the number of shoots with higher length and with no callus formation in the shoot base, contrary to CPPU. The most efficient concentrations were 4.7 and 5.5 μMol for CPPU and BAP, respectively.

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication protocol for Curcuma mangga : Studies on carbon, cytokinin source and explant size

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A A Waman ◽  
P Bohra ◽  
R Karthika Devi ◽  
J Pixy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Planting Material

Mango ginger (Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp.) is an underutilized rhizomatous species that has been valued in tropical Asian countries as a source of vegetable, spice, salad, medicine, and essential oil. This species is hardy and requires less care for obtaining good yields. Rhizomes are the commonly used propagules for the species, which are also the economic part of the crop. Huge quantity of seed rhizomes is required to promote this crop in larger areas. An efficient in vitro multiplication protocol is one of the options to meet the planting material requirement. Effects of carbon source (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and concentration (1 and 3%, w/v), cytokinins (BAP and meta topolin) and concentration (1 mg/L and 2 mg/L), size of explants (one/ two/ three bud) and IBA treatment (0, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/L) for concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening were studied. Results revealed that for facilitating efficient multiplication, the medium should be supplemented with glucose (3%) as a carbon source and meta topolin (1 mg/L) as cytokinin. Two-bud explant should be used for subculture as it promoted superior shoot proliferation. Concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening was possible even without auxin treatment. The present protocol could be useful for large-scale production of quality planting material of this underexploited tropical species.

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