scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Essential Oils in Hemp Varieties in Different Environments

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Vuerich ◽  
Claudio Ferfuia ◽  
Fabio Zuliani ◽  
Barbara Piani ◽  
Angela Sepulcri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
Female Flowers

Due to its possible utilization in cosmetics, medicine and crop protection, as a valuable alternative to petrochemical-derived products, hemp essential oil is now considered a product with high value added and a promising marketing potential. This experiment was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of four different locations of Northern Italy during two years (four environments) and three hemp monoecious varieties on the production and quality of essential oils (EOs) obtained by inflorescences harvested at full flowering of female flowers. The highest inflorescence yield was obtained at Maiano 2017, where a superficial groundwater layer (1.5 m) was present, with values that ranged from 1.69 of Fedora to 2.06 t ha−1 of Futura. EOs production ranged between 3.4 and 4.9 L ha−1, affected mainly by the variety effect. The terpene in EOs, very similar between varieties and environments, was mainly composed of sesquiterpenes (caryophillene and humulene, as the most abundant) rather than monoterpenes (α-pinene, β-myrcene and trans-β-ocimene, in particular). Phytocannabinoids, and in particular cannabidiol (CBD), were not removed from tissues by the steam during hydrodistillation, and if this is confirmed by further experiments, the residual biomass, now considered as waste, could assume significant importance as a source for further utilization.

scholarly journals Plant Population, Transplant Size, and Variety Effect on Transplanted Short-day Onion Production

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Reid L. Torrance ◽  
Jeff Cook ◽  
Cliff Riner ◽  
C. Randell Hill
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Final Spacing

Onions (Allium cepa) produced in southeastern Georgia's Vidalia-growing region are primarily grown from on-farm–produced bareroot transplants, which are usually sown the end of September. These transplants are pulled midwinter (November–January) and are reset to their final spacing. This study was to evaluate transplant size and spacing effects on yield and quality of onions. Large transplants (260–280 g per 20 plants) generally produced the highest yield. Medium transplant size in the range of 130 to 150 g per 20 plants produced satisfactory yield while maintaining low numbers of seedstems (flowering) and doubled bulbs, which are undesirable characteristics. Smaller transplant size (40–60 g per 20 plants) have reduced yields and lower numbers of seedstems and double bulbs. Increasing plant population from 31,680 to 110,880 plants/acre can increase yield. In addition, plant populations of 110,880 plants/acre can increase yields compared with 63,360 plants/acre (industry standard), but only when environmental conditions favor low seedstem numbers. Seedstems can be high because of specific varieties, high plant population, or more importantly, in years with environmental conditions that are conducive to their formation. ‘Sweet Vidalia’ was the only variety that had consistently reduced quality and high numbers of seedstems. ‘Sweet Vidalia’ has a propensity for high seedstem numbers, which may have influenced results with this variety. A complete fertilization program that included 133 or 183 lb/acre nitrogen did not affect onion yield, regardless of variety or population density.

scholarly journals Towards Higher Oil Yield and Quality of Essential Oil Extracted from Aquilaria malaccensis Wood via the Subcritical Technique

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
M. Samadi ◽  
Z. Zainal Abidin ◽  
H. Yoshida ◽  
R. Yunus ◽  
D. R. Awang Biak
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Subcritical Water Extraction ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis

A method that delivers a high yield and excellent quality of essential oil, which retains most of its value-added compounds, and undergoes least change after the extraction process, is greatly sought after. Although chemical free methods are acceptable, they call for an extensive processing time, while the yield and quality from these methods are often disappointing. This work utilizes subcritical water technology to address these issues. In this undertaking, essential oil was extracted from Aquilaria malaccensis wood by way of subcritical conditions, and characterized through gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Optimization through response surface methodology revealed temperature to be the most critical factor for the extraction process, while the optimum conditions for temperature, sample-to-solvent ratio, and time for subcritical water extraction was revealed as 225 °C, 0.2 gr/mL, and 17 min, respectively. The subcritical water extraction technique involves two simultaneous processes, which are based on good fitting to the two-site kinetic and second order model. In comparison to the hydrodistillation method, GC/MS results indicated that the quality of A. malaccensis’ wood oils, derived through the subcritical water technique, are of significantly better quality, while containing many constructive value-added compounds, such as furfural and guaiacol, which are useful for the production of pesticides and medicines. Pore size, functional groups, and morphology analysis revealed the occurrence of substantial damage to the samples, which facilitated an improved extraction of bio-products. In comparison to conventional methods, the use of the subcritical method not only involves a shorter processing time, but also delivers a higher oil yield and quality.

Eucalyptus sideroxylon A. Cunn.: A Natural Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) source in Morocco

2021 ◽  
pp. 4583-4590
Author(s):  
Loubna Koursaoui ◽  
Badr Satrani ◽  
Mohamed Ghanmi ◽  
Sara Cherrad ◽  
Imane Jaouadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Eucalyptus Sideroxylon

The main objective of this work is to determine the effect of the harvest period on the yield and chemical quality of the essential oils of the Eucalyptus sideroxylon A. Cunn. leaves of the Mamora forest, Dayet Zerzour Bnifdel region, Rabat. Essential oil yields are remarkably high above 2.3%, with an ultimate rate of 5.48% for the month of April. The chemical quality of these essential oils is characterized by the presence of two major monoterpenes, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and α-terpineol, which are proportionally inverted in terms of quantity. During the wet months between September and March, the cineole predominates with levels ranging from 72.67% to 86.11% and the other dry months are characterized by an increase of α-terpineol rate from 12.05% to 25.61%. This inverted chemical variability reveals a change in the orientation of cineole and α-terpineol biosynthesis under the control of climatic factors. This work allows us to discern favorable periods for the harvest of Eucalyptus sideroxylon leaves in terms of yield and quality of essential oils.

scholarly journals Sowing Date, Transplanting Date, and Variety Effect on Transplanted Short-day Onion Production

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Reid L. Torrance ◽  
Jeff Cook ◽  
Cliff Riner ◽  
C. Randell Hill
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Final Spacing ◽  
Growing Region

Onions (Allium cepa) produced in southeastern Georgia's Vidalia-growing region are primarily grown from on-farm produced bareroot transplants, which are usually sown at the end of September. These transplants are pulled midwinter (November to January) and reset to their final spacing. This study was to evaluate sowing date, transplanting date, and variety effect on yield and quality of onions. Beginning in the first week of November, onions can be transplanted until the end of December with reasonable yield and quality. For example, in the 2003–04 season, total yield of onions transplanted on 22 Dec. 2003 did not differ from any onions transplanted on earlier dates in November or December. In the 2004–05 season, onions transplanted on 20 Dec. 2004, had lower total yield than onions transplanted in November, but were not different from onions transplanted on 4 Jan. 2005. The propensity of some varieties to form double bulbs can be reduced with later sowing and transplanting dates. Sowing the first week of October rather than the fourth week of September and transplanting in December rather than November can reduce double bulbs in some varieties.

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Essential Oils from Aroma Crops.

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio SUGIMURA ◽  
Nao TOI
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Yield And Quality
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