scholarly journals Domesticating the Undomesticated for Global Food and Nutritional Security: Four Steps

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Dubey ◽  
Rajan Chaurasia ◽  
Rama Kant Dubey ◽  
Krishna Kumar Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Poor Soil ◽  
Global Food

Ensuring the food and nutritional demand of the ever-growing human population is a major sustainability challenge for humanity in this Anthropocene. The cultivation of climate resilient, adaptive and underutilized wild crops along with modern crop varieties is proposed as an innovative strategy for managing future agricultural production under the changing environmental conditions. Such underutilized and neglected wild crops have been recently projected by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations as ‘future smart crops’ as they are not only hardy, and resilient to changing climatic conditions, but also rich in nutrients. They need only minimal care and input, and therefore, they can be easily grown in degraded and nutrient-poor soil also. Moreover, they can be used for improving the adaptive traits of modern crops. The contribution of such neglected, and underutilized crops and their wild relatives to global food production is estimated to be around 115–120 billion US$ per annum. Therefore, the exploitation of such lesser utilized and yet to be used wild crops is highly significant for climate resilient agriculture and thereby providing a good quality of life to one and all. Here we provide four steps, namely: (i) exploring the unexplored, (ii) refining the unrefined traits, (iii) cultivating the uncultivated, and (iv) popularizing the unpopular for the sustainable utilization of such wild crops as a resilient strategy for ensuring food and nutritional security and also urge the timely adoption of suitable frameworks for the large-scale exploitation of such wild species for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Analysis of Global and National Scenario of Tuber Crops Production: Trends and Prospects

2020 ◽  
pp. 500-510
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Tuber Crops

This paper attempts to explore the status of tuber crops cultivation with regard to area, production and productivity across countries and exports of cassava and sweet potatoes from India. The result indicated that among various tuber crops, potatoes were vastly cultivated and consumed by Europe and Asia. At the same time, cassava and sweet potatoes were generally grown and consumed by Africa and Asia. In India, cassava and sweet potatoes are the most important tuber crops due to their large scale and varied uses. The growth rate analysis showed that the area under cassava (-1.38 percent) and sweet potatoes (-0.70 percent) as a whole showed a declining trend in India due to various agro-climatic conditions and socioeconomic constraints. In the context of climate change and considering the importance of root and tuber crops for food and nutritional security, it would be a smart move to bring more area under tuber crops cultivation to achieve 'self-reliance' and ' Make in India Mission'.

scholarly journals The Trilogy of Wild Crops, Traditional Agronomic Practices, and UN-Sustainable Development Goals

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
Rama Kant Dubey ◽  
Amit Kumar Bundela ◽  
Purushothaman C. Abhilash
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
World Population ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

The world population is projected to become 10 billion by the end of this century. This growing population exerts tremendous pressure on our finite food resources. Unfortunately, the lion-share of the global calorie intake is reliant upon a handful of plant species like rice, wheat, maize, soybean and potato. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to expand our dietary reliance to nutritionally rich but neglected, underutilized and yet-to-be-used wild plants. Many wild plants are also having ethnomedicinal and biocultural significance. Owing to their ecosystem plasticity, they are adapted to diverse habitats including marginal, degraded and other disturbed soil systems. Due to these resilient attributes, they can be considered for large-scale cultivation. However, proper biotechnological interventions are important for (i) removing the negative traits (e.g., low yield, slow growth, antinutritional factors, etc.), (ii) improving the positive traits (e.g., nutritional quality, stress tolerance, etc.), as well as (iii) standardizing the mass multiplication and cultivation strategies of such species for various agro-climatic regions. Besides, learning the biocultural knowledge and traditional cultivation practices employed by the local people is also crucial for their exploitation. The Special Issue “Wild Crop Relatives and Associated Biocultural and Traditional Agronomic Practices for Food and Nutritional Security” was intended to showcase the potential wild crop varieties of nutritional significance and associated biocultural knowledge from the diverse agroecological regions of the world and also to formulate suitable policy frameworks for food and nutritional security. The novel recommendations brought by this Special Issue would serve as a stepping stone for utilizing wild and neglected crops as a supplemental food. Nevertheless, long-term cultivation trials under various agro-climatic conditions are utmost important for unlocking the real potential of these species.

scholarly journals Adoption of improved grains legumes and dryland cereals crop varieties: A synthesis of evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Woldeyohanes ◽  
◽  
Karl Hughes ◽  
Kai Mausch ◽  
Judith Oduol
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Recent Effort ◽  
Adoption Studies ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Like other crop improvement programs, a key prerequisite for the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (CRP GLDC) to generate large-scale impact is large-scale adoption. Hence, evidencing the breadth and depth of such adoption is both of intrinsic interest and important for estimating downstream impacts, such as improved food and nutritional security, income, resilience, and soil health. While various GLDC adoption studies have been undertaken, a recent effort to systematically review these studies and synthesize the results is lacking. We undertook such a review, identifying 69 studies and 35 independent country crop combinations (CCCs). To generate aggregated and updated estimates of GLDC improved varietal adoption, we devised and applied a procedure to estimate national cropping areas under such varieties and, in turn, the number of adopting households. Estimates derived from household surveys and expert opinion solicitation are treated with higher and lower levels of confidence, respectively. As of 2019, we estimate from higher confidence studies that improved GLDC crops were cultivated on 15.37 million hectares of land by 17.64 million households in CRP GLDC’s 13 priority countries. With the inclusion of lower confidence studies, these numbers increase to 32 and 44.64 million, respectively. We are further confident that the program exceeded its adoption target of 8.9 million newly adopting households from 2011, particularly when likely spillovers vis-à-vis non-surveyed areas, non-priority countries, and non-priority crops in priority countries are considered.

scholarly journals Intensification for redesigned and sustainable agricultural systems

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6417) ◽  
pp. eaav0294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Pretty
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Forage Management ◽  
Global Food

Redesign of agricultural systems is essential to deliver optimum outcomes as ecological and economic conditions change. The combination of agricultural processes in which production is maintained or increased, while environmental outcomes are enhanced, is currently known as sustainable intensification (SI). SI aims to avoid the cultivation of more land, and thus avoid the loss of unfarmed habitats, but also aims to increase overall system performance without net environmental cost. For example, large changes are now beginning to occur to maximize biodiversity by means of integrated pest management, pasture and forage management, the incorporation of trees into agriculture, and irrigation management, and with small and patch systems. SI is central to the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations and to wider efforts to improve global food and nutritional security.

scholarly journals Review of congruence between global crop wild relative hotspots and centres of crop origin/diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Maxted ◽  
Holly Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Domestication ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Adaptive Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Crop Origin ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Global Datasets ◽  
Original Concept ◽  
Global Food

AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are important sources of adaptive diversity for plant breeding programmes. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which the centres of crop origin/diversity are congruent with areas of high CWR diversity. We established the predicted potential CWR distributions for 1,425 CWR species related to 167 crops using 334,527 known distribution locations and generated a global CWR hotspot map. This was then compared to the centres of origin/diversity proposed by Vavilov (amended by Hawkes); Zeven and Zhukovsky’s mega gene centres, Harlan’s centres and non-centres of crop domestication; and crop domestication areas identified using current archaeological evidence proposed by Purugganan and Fuller. Greatest congruence between the global CWR hotspots and other concepts was found with the concept proposed by Vavilov and amended by Hawkes, but there remained significant differences between the CWR hotspots and Vavilov’s concept. This paper concludes that all four centre concepts reviewed have some overlap with CWR diversity but that Vavilov’s original concept has the closest geographic coincidence with CWR hotspots. With the benefit of significant additional global datasets to those used by Vavilov, we were able to suggest amendments to his concept, adding further centres based on CWR hotspots in west and east USA, West Africa, South-east Brazil and Australia. As a result of this study more precise targeting of CWR and crop landrace can be implemented in future, aiding global food and nutritional security.

The importance of vegetables in ensuring both food and nutritional security in attainment of the Millennium Development Goals

Food Security ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. H. Keatinge ◽  
R.-Y. Yang ◽  
J. d’A. Hughes ◽  
W. J. Easdown ◽  
R. Holmer
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

scholarly journals Food consumption and use of Cerrado fruits in quilombola communities in Goiás

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. e021022
Author(s):  
Thaís Cristina Borges ◽  
Priscila Olin Silva ◽  
Raquel de Andrade Cardoso Santiago ◽  
Estelamaris Tronco Monego
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Eating Practices ◽  
Usual Diet

The aims of this study were to explore the qualitative food consumption and to investigate the use of native fruits of the Brazilian Cerrado biome by quilombola communities of Goiás, Brazil. Data collection was performed through interviews with leaders of communities who participated in the I Meeting of Health and Quality of Life of Quilombola Communities of Goiás. It was identified a food consumption restricted to basic items with recurrent presence of rice, pumpkin, potato, okra, banana, cassava, corn, beans, sesame, peanuts and castor oil in the usual diet. The presence of Cerrado fruits in sweets, liqueurs, canned and some salty recipes was identified, being the main, pequi, mangaba, baru, jatobá and cagaita. There was a reduction in the consumption of several native fruits, but at the same time, it was identified that there is a recognition by the communities regarding the importance of the use and preservation of these foods and quilombola eating practices. It reinforces the importance of actions to rescue and enhance the quilombola food culture, which dialogue with food and nutritional security and with the local development of the communities.

scholarly journals Open in Order to Achieve Food and Nutritional Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Gutam
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Agriculture is the principal component of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and is directly or indirectly linked to all the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). The new estimate recently released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in their report, ‘The State of Food and Agriculture 2017,’ puts the number of chronically undernourished people in the world at 815 million. So, let’s make all the agricultural research data and information to be open in order to achieve food and nutritional security and realize the ambitious vision outlined in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

scholarly journals Prospects of Nanotechnology in Improving the Productivity and Quality of Horticultural Crops

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Ruhul Amin Rana ◽  
Md. Nurealam Siddiqui ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Nanotechnology shows high promise in the improvement of agricultural productivity thus aiding future food security. In horticulture, maintaining quality as well as limiting the spoilage of harvested fruit and vegetables is a very challenging task. Various kinds of nanomaterials have shown high potential for increasing productivity, enhancing shelf-life, reducing post-harvest damage and improving the quality of horticultural crops. Antimicrobial nanomaterials as nanofilm on harvested products and/or on packaging materials are suitable for the storage and transportation of vegetables and fruits. Nanomaterials also increase the vitality of the cut flower. Nanofertilizers are target-specific, slow releasing and highly efficient in increasing vegetative growth, pollination and fertility in flowers, resulting in increased yield and improved product quality for fruit trees and vegetables. Formulated nanopesticides are target-specific, eco-friendly and highly efficient. Nanosensors facilitate up-to-date monitoring of growth, plant disease, and pest attack in crop plants under field conditions. These novel sensors are used to precisely identify the soil moisture, humidity, population of crop pests, pesticide residues and figure out nutrient requirements. This review aimed to provide an update on the recent advancement of nanomaterials and their potential uses for enhancing productivity, quality of products, protection from pests and reduction of the postharvest losses of the horticultural crops. This study reveals that nanotechnology could be used to generate cutting-edge techniques towards promoting productivity and quality of horticultural crops to ensure food and nutritional security of ever-increasing population of the world.

On Forming the Ideology of Transition to a New World Economic Order in Russia and the EAEU

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Sergey Yu. Glaziev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New World ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
World Economic Order

The formation of a new — integral-world economic order imposes increased requirements on the quality of the ideological basis of large-scale socio-economic transformations. This basis, by the very nature of the new world economic order, cannot sow antagonism, it is intended to harmonize the divergent interests of the government and society on the basis of national creative development goals.

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