Preventing Dog Bites: It Is Not Only about the Dog

Background: Dog bites can have an array of negative health impacts on victims. Research focusing on the correlates of bites focused on limited sets of variables and produced conflicting findings. Objective: To expand knowledge about the correlates of dog bites by exploring a comprehensive set of variables related to the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite not commonly explored in extant research. Methods: Data were drawn from police department reports of dog bites in the city of Detroit between 2007–2015; 478 dog bites were reported. Multiple regression was used to determine the significant correlates of dog bites, focusing on the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite. Results: Bites were caused by a neighborhood dog. Thirty-two percent of the reports involved dogs running loose; 25% dogs that had escaped from a fenced or unfenced yard; 9% escaped from their home; and 8% had broken off a chain, were being walked, or were in their own home. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Breed of dog was not correlated with bites in multiple regression. Conclusions: The greatest risk of bites does not come from wandering feral dogs. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Human error often contributes to bites.

Download Full-text

Reconstructing Maritime Incidents and Accidents Using Causal Models for Safety Improvement: Based on a Case Study

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9121414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Lucjan Gucma ◽

Andrej Androjna ◽

Kinga Łazuga ◽

Peter Vidmar ◽

Marko Perkovič

Keyword(s):

Human Error ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Marine Transport ◽

Sequence Of Events ◽

Safety Improvement ◽

A Chain ◽

Simple Systems ◽

The City

No advance in navigation has yet to prevent the occurrence of accidents (incidents are always implied when we discuss accidents) at sea. At the same time, advances in accident models are possible, and may provide the basis for investigations and analyses to help prevent future adverse events and improve the safety of marine transport systems. In such complex socio-technical systems models that treat accidents as the result of a chain or sequence of events are used most commonly. Such models are well suited to damage caused by failure of physical components in relatively simple systems. Although these often include methods for modeling human error, they do not cover broader aspects related to the management of the organization using the means of transport itself (shipowners) nor errors that may occur in the design phase. In particular, they do not cover changes in the systems over time. The paper presents accident investigation approaches and uses a modified causal model to analyze an incident that occurred in January 2019 on the city ferry in Świnoujście. The results of the analysis were used to provide guidelines for increasing safety at the crossing and to evaluate the accident analysis model used. Additionally, incidentally, through the study of this case we uncovered a problem in communication among stakeholders that unnecessarily complicates the models for the models for the improvement of safety.

Download Full-text

Animal Cruelty and Neighborhood Conditions

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10112095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2095

Author(s):

Laura A. Reese ◽

Joshua J. Vertalka ◽

Cassie Richard

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Urban Area ◽

Social Disorganization ◽

Police Department ◽

Economic Stress ◽

Animal Cruelty ◽

Neighborhood Conditions ◽

Blunt Force Trauma ◽

The City

Background: Animal cruelty appears to be widespread. Competing theories have been posed regarding the causes of animal cruelty leading to conflicting findings and little direction for public policies to combat it. Objective: To assess the applicability of extant theories of the causes of animal cruelty: domestic violence; deviance; perpetrator traits; and social disorganization. Methods: Data are drawn from police department reports of animal cruelty in the City of Detroit from 2007 to 2015; 302 incidences of animal cruelty were reported. Multiple regression is used to determine the theory which best appears to account for animal cruelty. Results: Common types of animal cruelty in Detroit are shooting; blunt force trauma; neglect; and dogfighting. While most incidents involve unknown persons; cruelty by owners; neighbors; and domestic partners is also common. Neighborhood conditions in terms of economic stress; vacancy and blight; and crime appear to have the greatest impact on animal cruelty. Conclusions: The findings from Detroit support deviance and social disorganization theories of animal cruelty. Neighborhood conditions in terms of economic stress, vacancy and blight, and crime appear to have the greatest impact on animal cruelty in this urban area.

Download Full-text

Movie Variety and the City

The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.1515/bejeap-2019-0398 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

In Kyung Kim

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Data ◽

Ownership Structure ◽

Price Competition ◽

Product Variety ◽

A Chain ◽

The City ◽

Positive Effect

AbstractIn this article, I study the effect of entry and ownership structure on product variety within a city. Using longitudinal data on theaters in Korea, I find that the positive effect of entry on city-wide movie variety is limited only to the first few entrants. This finding, together with the observation that movie variety in a theater does not respond to entry, suggests that a theater's incentive to soften price competition by screening less popular movies not otherwise available in the city decreases as more theaters enter. I also find evidence that movie variety is greater in more concentrated cities, implying that a chain that owns multiple theaters in a city may differentiate the movie lineup offered in each theater more than when the theaters are individually owned in order to avoid cannibalization or to preempt entry.

Download Full-text

The Environmental Performance of the E-Waste Trade-in Program in Nanjing, China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3531 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 518-523 ◽

pp. 3531-3534

Author(s):

Zhi Yuan Li ◽

Yang Fan Li ◽

Feng Wang

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Research Methods ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Stakeholder Analysis ◽

Household Appliances ◽

Recycling System ◽

Household Appliance ◽

Waste Trade ◽

The City

In this study, we use questionnaires, interviews and some other research methods to investigate the implementation outcome of the household appliance ‘Old for New’ trade-in program (hereafter the trade-in program), and apply the methods of comparative analysis and stakeholder analysis to evaluate the program. This paper, taking the city of Nanjing as an example, aims to provide insights to these questions, and more significantly, to advance some practical and efficient suggestions as how to formulate a reasonable, efficient waste household appliances (hereafter WHA) recycling system in Nanjing.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN MANFAAT PAJAK RESTORAN TERHADAP KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK MEMBAYAR PAJAK (STUDI KASUS PADA USAHA RESTORAN DI KOTA TOMOHON)

GOING CONCERN : JURNAL RISET AKUNTANSI ◽

10.32400/gc.9.1.25194.2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Arian Sumando Butarbutar ◽

Harijanto Sabijono ◽

Heince R.N Wokas

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Analytical Method ◽

T Test ◽

Primary Data ◽

Tax Benefits ◽

Tax Payers ◽

The City

This study aims to determine the effect of taxpayer understanding and awareness of tax benefits to the restaurants taxpayer pays taxes . Sources of data used in this study is primary data derived from taxpayer restaurant in Tomohon. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis resulted in the equation r Y = 8.000 + 0.136 X1 + 0.440 X2 . R2 value of 0.303 indicates the proportion of the taxpayer contributes understanding and awareness of tax benefits to the restaurants taxpayer pays tax at a restaurant in Tomohon 30.3 %. And korelsi coefficient ( r) of 0.550 . Hypothesis testing using t-test showed that no taxpayer understanding partial effect on consciousness taxpayer pays tax while the restaurant in Tomohon city restaurant tax benefits significantly influence the consciousness of the top tax payers in the city of Tomohon.

Download Full-text

KOMODIFIKASI UPACARA NGARAS DAN NGIBAKAN ADAT SUNDA DI KOTA BANDUNG

Jurnal Budaya Etnika ◽

10.26742/be.v4i2.1568 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhamad Irfan Maulana Sidik ◽

Sri Rustiyanti ◽

Imam Setyobudi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Research Methods ◽

Service Providers ◽

Qualitative Research Methods ◽

Market Demand ◽

The City

ABSTRAK Upacara tradisi ngaras dan ngibakan merupakan suatu tradisi yang dilakukan sebelum pelaksanaan hari pernikahan. Upacara ini, dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat Sunda termasuk pada masyarakat Sunda di Kota Bandung sebagai suatu cara yang dipercaya agar prosesi pernikahan dapat berjalan lancar. Dalam perkembangan era globalisasi, tradisi tersebut mengalami perubahan diakibatkan masyarakat Kota Bandung yang mudah mendapatkan arus globalisasi sehingga masyarakat lebih menyukai produk jasa yang lebih efisien dan praktis sebagai ciri masyarakat modern. Hal ini berdampak pada munculnya penyedia jasa yang memodifikasi tradisi ngaras dan ngibakan dengan mengikuti permintaan pasar untuk mendapatkan nilai komoditas maksimal. Tulisan ini, merupakan deskripsi analisis dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Adapun teori yang digunakan, yaitu komodifikasi. Penelitian ini, bertujuan untuk menggali sejauh mana proses komodifikasi serta dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap masyarakat Sunda Kota Bandung itu sendiri.Kata Kunci : Komodifikasi, Upacara Tradisi, Ngaras dan Ngibakan ABSTRACT The ngaras and ngibakan ceremony is a tradition that is carried out before entering the wedding day. This ceremony, carried out by the Sundanese people in the city of Bandung as a trusted way for the wedding procession to run smoothly. In the development of the era of globalization, the tradition has changed due tothe people of the city of Bandung who are easy to get the flow of modernization so that people prefer service products that are more efficient and practical. This has resulted in the emergence of service providers who modify the ngaras and trap traditions that follow market demand to get maximum commodity value. This research, is a description of the analysis using qualitative research methods. The theory used is the Commodification. This study aims to explore the process of commodification and its impact on the Sundanese people of Bandung.Keywords: Commodification, Tradition Ceremony, Ngaras and Ngibakan

Download Full-text

Pengelolaan Arsip Dinamis pada Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kota Palangka Raya

Restorica Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Negara dan Ilmu Komunikasi ◽

10.33084/restorica.v3i2.734 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

Irwani Irwani ◽

Ika Ika

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Research Methods ◽

Data Reduction ◽

Qualitative Research Methods ◽

Records Management ◽

Data Presentation ◽

Control Card ◽

Peer Discussion ◽

The Creation ◽

The City

This study aims to find out, 1) the management of dynamic records, 2) the factors that influence the management of documents, 3) the obstacles faced in archive management in the Library and Archives Office of the City of Palangka Raya. This study used qualitative research methods. The informants in this study were Administrative Section Staff, Dynamic Records Management Section Staff, and archivists at the Library and Archives Service Office of Palangka Raya City. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The steps in analyzing data are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Checking the validity of the data is done by testing credibility with the strategy, including extending observations, research perseverance, triangulation, peer discussion, and member checking. The results of this study indicate that in general the management of dynamic records in the Library and Archives Office of the City of Palangka Raya includes: the creation of dynamic archives which include the creation of incoming letters and outgoing letters. Use of archives which include borrowing archives that use borrowed archive sheets and rediscovering archives that use a control card and archive search list. Obstacles in the management of records in the form of lack of filing rooms, lack of budgets in the procurement of archival facilities, and the lack of an archive staff

Download Full-text

Pastoral Power

MOVE ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190058777.003.0005 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 89-122

Author(s):

Richard Kent Evans

Keyword(s):

Religious Freedom ◽

Police Department ◽

Religious Leaders ◽

Faith Traditions ◽

Pastoral Power ◽

Initial Support ◽

The City

From 1977 to 1978, the Philadelphia Police Department established a blockade around the MOVE house. Eventually, this blockade became a starvation blockade, when the mayor, Frank Rizzo, determined that the best way to end the standoff was to starve MOVE people into surrendering. During this standoff, respected religious leaders representing various faith traditions negotiated between MOVE and the city. These religious leaders initially came to MOVE’s defense. Some of them believed that MOVE was a religion, and that the city’s actions threatened religious freedom in the city. As the negotiations wore on, however, MOVE lost their initial support. The religious leaders who previously defended MOVE decided that MOVE was not, in fact, a religion and sided with the city. In so doing, these religious leaders articulated a series of claims about the nature of “true religion” to explain why MOVE was not, in their view, a religion.

Download Full-text

City Group Optimization

International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research ◽

10.4018/ijsir.2016070101 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Yijun Yang ◽

Haibin Duan

Keyword(s):

Optimization Algorithm ◽

Central City ◽

Evolutionary Process ◽

Local Optima ◽

Central Cities ◽

Continuous Problems ◽

Comparative Results ◽

A Chain ◽

The City ◽

City Group

City group refers to a collection of cities. Through the development and growth, and these cities form a chain of metropolitan areas. In a city group, cities are divided into central cities and subordinate cities. Generally, central cities have greater chances to develop. However, subordinate cities may not have great chances to develop unless they are adjacent to central cities. Thus, a city is more likely to develop well if it is near a central city. In the process, the spatial distribution of cities changes all the time. Urbanologists call the above phenomena as the evolution of city groups. In this paper, the city group optimization algorithm is presented, which is based on urbanology and mimics the evolution of city groups. The robustness and evolutionary process of the proposed city group optimization algorithm are validated by testing it on 15 benchmark functions. The comparative results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for solving complexly continuous problems due to a stronger ability to escape from local optima.

Download Full-text