Movie Variety and the City

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
In Kyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIn this article, I study the effect of entry and ownership structure on product variety within a city. Using longitudinal data on theaters in Korea, I find that the positive effect of entry on city-wide movie variety is limited only to the first few entrants. This finding, together with the observation that movie variety in a theater does not respond to entry, suggests that a theater's incentive to soften price competition by screening less popular movies not otherwise available in the city decreases as more theaters enter. I also find evidence that movie variety is greater in more concentrated cities, implying that a chain that owns multiple theaters in a city may differentiate the movie lineup offered in each theater more than when the theaters are individually owned in order to avoid cannibalization or to preempt entry.

Peranan Ketua Pengurus dan Manajer Dalam Penyusunan dan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK ETAP Pada Koperasi di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Riza Syahputera ◽  
Martha Rianty
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the role of the Chairperson and Cooperative Manager in the preparation and application of Financial Statements based on SAK ETAP in cooperatives in the city of Palembang. This research is a quantitative study using data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was the Chairperson of the cooperative and the manager of the cooperative in the city of Palembang. The cooperatives studied were 203 cooperatives. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the role of cooperative leaders and managers had a significant positive effect on the preparation and application of SAK ETAP-based financial statements.Keywords : chairman, manager, SAK ETAP, cooperative

scholarly journals Headquarters of Large Enterprises in the Spatial Structure of Major Polish Cities

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
Przemysław Śleszyński
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
High Order ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
The Public ◽  
Large Company ◽  
Central Business Districts ◽  
The City

The paper is based on the author’s monograph (Śleszyński, 2008). It presents the analysis of enterprise headquarters’ locations in eight largest Polish cities (Warsaw, Szczecin, The Tricity [Gdańsk–Gdynia–Sopot], Poznań, Łódź, Wrocław, Katowice and Krakow). The study primarily involved data from the Hoppenstedt Bonnier database for the year 2004, concerning 3810 entities whose overall revenue exceeded the minimum of 15.6 million PLN. The businesses were analysed in terms of their location with respect to the city centre, as well as the differentiation of revenues, line of business and ownership structure. The analyses helped in the formulation of the basic regularities of the location distribution. For instance, it was found that spatial concentration is most significant in the case of the largest enterprises, the public sector and more advanced businesses, particularly high-order services.The location of large company headquarters, as well as their mutual connections, performs one of the key roles (or even the most important one) in the development of Central Business Districts in Polish cities during transformation.

scholarly journals CREATING SOCIOCULTURAL VALUES: THE PROBLEM OF LOCALIZATION IN THE URBAN SPACE

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Юрий Владимирович Преображенский
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

Рассмотрен вопрос о сущности социокультурного пространства и его пересечении с экономическим пространством города. Показано, что наиболее эффективная организация пространственного взаимодействия данных пространств во многом является географической задачей. Предлагается метод изучения социальных практик населения для локализации точек и линий взаимодействия социокультурной и экономической сфер. Рассмотрены практики, в ходе которых создаются социокультурные ценности, положительно влияющие на экономическое пространство города. Обсуждается проблема влияния пешеходных пространств (наиболее насыщенных практиками) на формирование имиджа города. The question of the essence of the socio-cultural space and its intersection with the economic space of the city is considered. It is shown that the most effective organization of the spatial interaction of these spaces is in many ways a geographic task. A method is proposed for studying the social practices of the population to localize points and lines of interaction between the socio-cultural and economic spheres. The practice is considered in the course of which socio-cultural values are created that have a positive effect on the economic space of the city. The problem of the influence of pedestrian spaces (the most saturated with practices) on the formation of the city's image is discussed.

scholarly journals Gerentes y Emprendedoras: El efecto de la orientación emprendedora en el rendimiento de la PyME Guanajuatense del sector cuero-calzado por medio de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM-PLS).

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Francisco Javier Álvarez Torres
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Women Managers ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Orientación Emprendedora

<p>El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el efecto de la Orientación Emprendedora (OE) como estrategia gerencial en el rendimiento de la empresa, diferenciando entre gerentes varones y gerentes mujeres. Para llevar a cabo el estudio fue recopilada información de 170 empresas del sector cuero-calzado del estado de Guanajuato, principalmente en el municipio de León. El modelo diseñado fue contrastado a través de un sistema de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM) mediante el software SmartPLS®. Los resultados generales señalan que si bien existe un efecto positivo con rendimiento, existe una diferencia en la conformación de la OE, dependiendo del género del gerente. En el caso de las gerentes mujeres existe una baja orientación hacia la competitividad agresiva y una mayor orientación hacia la autonomía y proactividad que sus contrapartes. Este estudio servirá a los gerentes, a investigadores y a funcionarios gubernamentales para orientar los esfuerzos para fortalecer una gerencia femenina en la región y de igual forma a los académicos a generar nuevos acercamientos teóricos al constructo de OE desde una perspectiva de género.</p><p><em><strong>Palabras clave</strong>:</em> Orientación Emprendedora, Mujeres, Gerencia, Empresa PYME, Guanajuato.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The main goal of this article is to analyze the effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) as a management strategy on the enterprise performance, differentiating between male and female managers. To carry out the study, information was gathered from 170 companies in the leather-footwear sector of the state of Guanajuato, mainly in the city of León. The designed model was contrasted through a system of structural equations by partial least squares (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS® software. The general results indicate that although there is a positive effect with performance, there is a difference in the conformation of the EO, depending on the gender of the manager. In the case of women managers, there is a low orientation towards aggressive competitiveness and a greater orientation towards autonomy and proactivity than their counterparts. This study will serve managers, researchers and government officials to guide efforts to strengthen a female management in the region and in the same way academics to generate new theoretical approaches to the construction of EO from a gender perspective.</p><p><em><strong>Keywords:</strong></em> Entrepreneurial Orientation, Women, Management, SME Company, Guanajuato.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH LEVERAGE, MANAJEMEN LABA, DAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2008 - 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Kusworo
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Public Ownership ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Simultaneous Testing ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of leverage , earnings management , and ownership structure on firm value in state-owned companies . Based on a population of 18 state-owned companies listed on the Stock Exchange was taken 10 stateowned companies in 2008 to 2012 as the samples in this study according to the criteria of the study , a total of 50 years as a firm observational data . At the stage of data processing are affected data outliers firm by 2 years so the number of samples used in this study for 5 years amounted to 48 firm year . Data analysis was performed using linear regression analysis using SPSS for Windows 16.00. Simultaneous testing results show that leverage , earnings management , government ownership , and public ownership and a significant positive effect on firm value . Result partial test indicates that earnings management does not affect the value of the company , while leverage , government ownership , and public ownership negatively affect the value of the company .

scholarly journals Ownership structure and corporate governance: What does the data reveal about Saudi listed firms?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan ◽  
Everton Dockery
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
Market Instability ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Size Variable

In this paper we examine the ownership structure of 169 firms listed on the Saudi Arabian stock market from 2008 to 2014. The analysis uses the testing methodology described by Demsetz and Lehn (1985) to examine the effects of firm and market instability on Saudi ownership structure and additionally, the effect of systematic regulation that imposes constraints on the behaviour of the selected listed firms. We find evidence, for the majority of the ownership structures considered, in favour of the view that firm size, regulation and instability affects ownership structure. The results suggest that the size variable has a positive effect on ownership concentration. Our analysis also shows that instability had some effect on ownership concentration and structure when using the non-linear specification, particularly when using firm specific instability, albeit the effect was stronger when the instability measure was accounting profit returns. Lastly, there is evidence that government-owned firms were mostly affected by regulation while diffused owned firms were affected most by instability than non-government owned firms.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Belanja Modal terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dampaknya Pada Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Empiris Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Aceh)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Darwanis Darwanis ◽  
Ryanda Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Capital Spending ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Spending Growth ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

The research aims to analyze the influence of Capital Expenditure on the original income and its impact on Local Government Financial Performance This research refers to a previous research’s conducted by Fajar Nugroho (2012). Objects of this research are the entire district and city in Aceh province. The research was carried out by the method of documentation. The data used are secondary data, which comes from the realization of the Budget Report Revenue and Expenditure of the district and the city in Aceh province from 2009 until 2012. The results of this study indicate that the Capital Expenditures negatively affect of the region's financial performance directly, whereas indirect positive effect on Capital Spending Growth through Revenue Financial Performance as an intervening variable region. The results of this study indicate that the capital expenditureeffect on the Local original income, Local original income effect on financial performance, capital expenditures does not affect on the financial performance directly, while indirectly capital expenditureeffect on financial performance through local original income.

City Group Optimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yijun Yang ◽  
Haibin Duan
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Central City ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Local Optima ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Continuous Problems ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The City ◽  
City Group

City group refers to a collection of cities. Through the development and growth, and these cities form a chain of metropolitan areas. In a city group, cities are divided into central cities and subordinate cities. Generally, central cities have greater chances to develop. However, subordinate cities may not have great chances to develop unless they are adjacent to central cities. Thus, a city is more likely to develop well if it is near a central city. In the process, the spatial distribution of cities changes all the time. Urbanologists call the above phenomena as the evolution of city groups. In this paper, the city group optimization algorithm is presented, which is based on urbanology and mimics the evolution of city groups. The robustness and evolutionary process of the proposed city group optimization algorithm are validated by testing it on 15 benchmark functions. The comparative results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for solving complexly continuous problems due to a stronger ability to escape from local optima.

scholarly journals Preventing Dog Bites: It Is Not Only about the Dog

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Reese ◽  
Joshua J. Vertalka
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Feral Dogs ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The City

Background: Dog bites can have an array of negative health impacts on victims. Research focusing on the correlates of bites focused on limited sets of variables and produced conflicting findings. Objective: To expand knowledge about the correlates of dog bites by exploring a comprehensive set of variables related to the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite not commonly explored in extant research. Methods: Data were drawn from police department reports of dog bites in the city of Detroit between 2007–2015; 478 dog bites were reported. Multiple regression was used to determine the significant correlates of dog bites, focusing on the nature of the dog and the circumstances surrounding the bite. Results: Bites were caused by a neighborhood dog. Thirty-two percent of the reports involved dogs running loose; 25% dogs that had escaped from a fenced or unfenced yard; 9% escaped from their home; and 8% had broken off a chain, were being walked, or were in their own home. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Breed of dog was not correlated with bites in multiple regression. Conclusions: The greatest risk of bites does not come from wandering feral dogs. Based on multiple regression, the victim was most likely bitten in their own yard by a single neighborhood dog that escaped from its home or yard. Human error often contributes to bites.

Can pollution charges reform promote industrial SO2 emissions reduction?—Evidence from 189 China’s cities

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2091941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Gao ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Qiuyue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
The Real ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper evaluates the real effects of pollution charges reform on [Formula: see text] emissions at the city level. Using the establishment of Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction (The Plan) in China as a quasi-natural experiment, our difference-in-differences estimation shows that: (1) increasing pollution charges has a significant and positive effect on controlling industrial waste [Formula: see text], and this relationship is robust to different specifications and alternative measures; (2) [Formula: see text] emissions can be reduced to achieve reduction targets by forcing companies to strengthen the degree of process production controls and end-of-pipe treatment; (3) eastern and western cities have a better pollution control effect than the other regions, and large cities have better emission reduction effects than smaller cities. Overall, this paper sorts out the evolution of China’s pollution charge policy, and reveals the mechanisms behind the real effects of pollution charges reform on [Formula: see text] emissions, thus providing timely implications for policymakers concerned with environmental protection.

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