scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Composition and Meat Quality of Breast Muscle in Broilers Reared under Light-Emitting Diode

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Francesca Bennato ◽  
Andrea Ianni ◽  
Camillo Martino ◽  
Lisa Grotta ◽  
Giuseppe Martino
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Light Emitting

The present study was designed to investigate the role of three different light-emitting diode (LED) light color temperatures on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and breast meat quality of broilers. In our experimental condition, 180 chicks were randomly distributed into four environmentally controlled rooms (three replicates/treatment). The experimental design consisted of four light sources: neon (Control), Neutral (Neutral LED; K = 3500–3700), Cool (Cool LED; K = 5500–6000), and Warm (Warm LED; K = 3000–2500). Upon reaching the commercial weight (3.30 ± 0.20 kg live weight), 30 birds from each group were randomly selected, and live and carcass weight were evaluated to determinate the carcass yield. Following the slaughtering, samples of hemibreast meat were collected from each group and analyzed for physical and chemical properties, fatty acids composition, and volatile compounds. Live weight and carcass weight were negatively influenced by the Warm LED; however, no significant differences were observed in carcass yield in any of the experimental conditions. Higher drip loss values were detected in breast meat samples obtained by broilers reared under Neutral and Cool LEDs. In regard to the meat fatty acids profiles, higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) values were detected with the Warm LED; however, the ratio of PUFA/saturated fatty acids (SFA) did not change in any group. The evaluation of volatile profiles in cooked chicken meat led to the identification of 18 compounds belonging to the family of aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and phenolic compounds, both at 0 (T0) and 7 (T7) d after the cooking. The results of the present study suggest that the LED represents an alternative technology that is cheaper and more sustainable than traditional light sources, since it allows economic savings for poultry farming without significant alterations on the production parameters or the quality of the product.

An evaluation of beef carcass quality 2. Influence of variation in grazing intensity and the level of barley supplementation with silage on the carcass and meat quality of Friesian steers

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237
Author(s):  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
J. H. D. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Carcass Quality

SUMMARYTwo experiments concerning the effects, on the carcass and meat characteristics of 18-months-old Friesian steers, of variation in grazing intensity and the level of barley feeding with silage are reported.Groups of 12 steers were grazed at different intensities over 5-month grazing periods, such that live-weight differences of 38 kg and 16 kg were recorded at housing. No compensatory growth was recorded during the subsequent winter feeding period.Whilst the grazing treatments had little effect on carcass or meat quality, higher levels of barley feeding with silage over the winter period (710 v. 410 kg/steer) had significant effects on live-weight gain, and increased carcass weight by 21 kg at slaughter. The higher yield of carcass weight was reflected in significant differences in carcass composition, joint proportions and retail cut-out value. Sixty per cent of the carcass weight difference was removed as trim fat. Differences in carcass fatness were not associated with any differences in eating quality.

scholarly journals Meat quality of poulards obtained from three conserved breeds of hens

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Obrzut ◽  
Józefa Krawczyk ◽  
Jolanta Calik ◽  
Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽  
Mariusz Pietras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of genotype (breed/line) and spaying of pullets on body weight, estradiol level, carcass and meat quality. Subjects were Rhode Island Red (R-11), Yellowleg Partridge (Ż-33) and Sussex hens (S-66), 100 birds per line, which were divided into 2 groups, each having 50 pullets and 50 poulards. Spaying was performed at 10 wk of age, under local anesthesia by a veterinarian. The present study showed that blood estradiol levels in poulards were much lower than in pullets regardless of genotype. Poulards showed higher body weight and their carcasses higher lightness and yellowness. In the sensory evaluation, poulard breast meat was more tasty and leg meat also more juicy and tender compared to pullet meat. Among the three conserved breeds, Rhode Island Red (R-11) and Yellowleg Partridge (Ż-33) hens are the best starting material for poulard production. Their carcasses showed good muscling and intense yellowness desirable to the consumers. R-11 birds achieved highest body weight. Spaying of pullets had no significant effect on the profile of fatty acids, but greater and statistically significant differences in this regard were found between hen lines. Compared to S-66 birds, breast muscles of R-11 and Ż-33 birds contained more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The breast and leg muscles of these birds had a lower content of saturated fatty acids (SFA ).

The effects of fasting, electrolyte supplementation and electrical stimulation on carcass yield and meat quality in bulls

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. L. Schaefer ◽  
A. K. W. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Weight Losses

Eighty-nine yearling beef bulls were allocated to one of four lairage treatment groups of either 0, 12, 24 or 36 h. Except for the 0-h group, all animals were given a 4-h road transport followed by either 12, 24 or 36 h in lairage pre-slaughter without feed and water. An electrolyte solution was offered during lairage to groups of bulls within the fasting treatments. Following slaughter and dressing, alternate carcass sides were stimulated (470 V, 1.5 A, 60 Hz) for 60 s, and data on muscle quality were collected. Fasting resulted in a progressive reduction in warm and cold carcass weight (as a proportion of final live weight) and reduced liver, rumen and intestine proportions. Electrolyte supplementation was effective in reducing carcass weight losses and appeared to have its greatest effect on bulls kept in lairage for 36 h. Fasting and electrolyte supplementation had few effects on muscle quality. Electrical stimulation reduced muscle shear value, lowered final muscle pH, brightened muscle colour at 24 h post mortem but had no effect on marbling score. It was concluded that electrolyte supplementation increased carcass yield in fasted bulls but had little beneficial effect on meat quality. On the other hand, electrical stimulation improved several quality parameters, including muscle shear value. Key words: Bulls, cattle, fasting, lairage, electrical stimulation, meat quality

scholarly journals Carcass and breast meat quality of broilers feed with extruded corn

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1697-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dzinic ◽  
Dj. Okanovic ◽  
M. Jokanovic ◽  
T. Tasic ◽  
V. Tomovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Chicken Breast Meat

The aim of this paper was to investigate the carcass and breast meat (nutritional, technological and sensory) quality of chickens (line ROSS 308) fed extruded corn. It was concluded that a diet with extruded corn increases chilled carcass weight and the share of breast meat in chilled carcass. Also, the breast meat of experimental group contains more protein and less free fat comparing to the control group. Based on the parameters and criteria for defining the quality of chicken breast meat (pHu and L

scholarly journals Dry residue of cassava as a supplementation in broiler feed with or without addition of carbohydrases

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jomara Broch ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Vladimir De Oliveira ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
Cleison De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Water Holding

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of dry residue of cassava (DRC) with or without supplementation of carbohydrases on performance, carcass yield, cuts and organs, blood parameters and meat quality of broiler chickens. Birds were distributed in a completely randomised design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with or without addition of carbohydrases and five levels of DRC inclusion, resulting in 10 treatments with 5 replicates of 22 birds each. At 21 days of age, two birds of each treatment were fasted for 6 hours for blood brachial puncture. At 42 days, four birds per pen were slaughtered to determine carcass yield, cuts, organs, percentage of abdominal fat and meat quality. Between 1-21 days of age, there was an interaction (P < 0.05) between carbohydrase and DRC supplementation on weight gain (WG) and feed intake, which showed a decreasing linear effect without the inclusion of carbohydrases. In the period from 1 to 42 days, there was an interaction (P < 0.05) between carbohydrase supplementation and DRC inclusion on the variables WG and feed conversion. Carbohydrase inclusion provided an increase (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, gamma GT and blood glucose. Concentrations of gamma GT were increased and levels of alanine aminotransferase and creatinine were decreased (P < 0.05) with DRC inclusion. At 24 hours post mortem, there was a significant interaction (P < 0.05) for breast meat between carbohydrase supplementation and DRC inclusion for the variable L. The analysed values of pH, water holding capacity and shear force of the breast meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by DRC inclusion and carbohydrase addition. However, cooking loss was influenced (P < 0.05) by levels of inclusion of DRC. The L and a* variable and the feet of broiler chickens were not affected (P > 0.05) by DRC levels and carbohydrase addition. The colour variable b* showed a decrease (P < 0.05) from 5% level of inclusion. The results of this study show that DRC can be used in the diets of broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days old to the assessed level of 10%, provided that carbohydrase is added.

scholarly journals Performance and meat quality of broilers fed different levels of alpha-tocopherol

2021 ◽  
pp. 1941-1954
Author(s):  
Latóya de Sousa Bezerra ◽  
◽  
Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira Vaz ◽  
Mônica Calixto da Silva ◽  
Kênia Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Immune Organs ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and meat quality of broilers fed different levels of alpha-tocopherol. A total of 240 one-day-old Cobb 500® male broiler chicks were reared until day 7 of life, as recommended by the commercial line, and were fed at only 50% of the alpha-tocopherol requirement. At day 8, the chicks were weighed, homogenized, and allotted in a completely randomized design with four treatments (50, 100, 150, and 200% alpha-tocopherol requirement) and six replicates of ten chickens per experimental unit. Several variables were evaluated: weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass yield and prime cuts (drumstick, thigh, and breast), edible viscera (heart, liver, gizzard), immune organs (cloacal bursa and spleen), intestine weight and length, abdominal fat, breast meat color (lightness, redness, and yellowness), pH, cooking loss, and shear force of the breast meat. Dietary alpha-tocopherol levels did not influence broiler performance, carcass yield, and prime cuts at 42 days of age. The edible viscera, immune organs, the length of the small intestine, and the abdominal fat, as well as the meat color (lightness, redness, and yellowness), pH, cooking loss, and shear force of the breast meat, were not influenced. However, the small intestine yield increased linearly with increasing levels of alpha-tocopherol. The dietary levels of alphatocopherol did not influence the performance and meat quality of broilers from 8 to 42 days of age.

scholarly journals Effects of different energy source diets, as corn substitutes, on carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Leticia Jalloul Guimarães ◽  
Isabella Guartieri da Silva ◽  
Ana Claudia Ambiel ◽  
Fabiola Cristine de Almeida Rego ◽  
Caliê Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study evaluated the effects of different energy sources, as corn substitutes, on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs. Twenty-four intact ram lambs were identified, weighed, and assigned to one of four dietary treatments: corn, citrus pulp, rice bran, and soybean hulls. The ram lambs were confined in feedlots, and when they reached 30 kg of live weight, they were slaughtered. A  completelyrandomized design with different replicates was used for the analysis, along with the Tukey-5% test. For hot and cold carcass weight, rice bran produced lower values than the other dietary treatments. For the red color content of the meat, citrus pulp presented superior values when compared to corn, whereas meat and fat color, loin eye area, and objective tenderness did not differ between treatments. Different energetic sources used to replace corn in ram lambs finishing diets did not affect the proximate composition and quality of the meat. Highlights:  • Addition of rice bran to the lambs' diet resulted in lower hot and cold carcass weight.• Animals fed soybean hulls presented the highest carcass compactness index values.• Rice bran extended the feedlot period of lambs in 59.33 days, been longer than the others energies sources.• Corn, rice bran, citrus pulp and soybean hulls did not change the quality of meat but the inclusion of rice bran should be carefully evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Genotype and Slaughter Age on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of the Celta Pig Breed in Extensive System

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Franco ◽  
Javier Carballo ◽  
Roberto Bermñudez ◽  
José M. Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Colour Parameters

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of genotype and slaughter age on carcass traits and meat quality of the Celta pig breed. Samples from 95 pigs of three lines (Barcina, Santiaguesa and Carballina) slaughtered at two different ages (12 and 16 months) were analysed. Pigs’ slaughter at 16 months showed significantly (P<0.001) higher live weight (157.2 vs. 178.9 kg), cold carcass weight (122.9 vs. 141.9 kg) and killing out percentage (77.7 vs. 79.5%; P<0.001) compared to those slaughtered at 12 months. Genotype also affected the live weight and cold carcass weight, both of which were highest in the Santiaguesa line. Changes in meat quality in relation to slaughter age and genotype were observed. The fat content increased with slaughter age, but did not vary with genotype. Regarding colour parameters, the L* values (48.53) were lower and a* values (11.55) were higher in samples of the Barcina line, indicating that the meat was darker and redder than in the other two lines. Both slaughter age and genotype had significant effects on texture parameters measured by the Warner Bratzler test, whereas textural profile analysis revealed significant differences mainly due to genotype.

scholarly journals Light emitting diode (LED) use in artificial lighting for broiler chicken production

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara R. de Santana ◽  
Rodrigo G. Garcia ◽  
Irenilza de A. Naas ◽  
Ibiara C. de L. A. Paz ◽  
Fabiana R. Caldara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Artificial Lighting

Light emitting diode (LED) has been used in commercial poultry industry by presenting superior energy savings and providing feasibility on production process. The objective of this research was to evaluate performance and carcass yield of broiler chickens exposed to different LED colors compared with fluorescent lamps. For that, two experiments (E1 and E2) were performed and 2,646 Cobb® chickens were used. In experiment E1, male birds were exposed to 20 lux artificial lighting with red, yellow, blue, and white LED bulbs; and fluorescent bulb. In experiment E2, male and female birds were exposed to 15 lux artificial lighting with red and blue LED bulbs; and fluorescent bulb. Cumulative weight gain (kg), feed intake (kg), feed conversion, hot carcass weight (kg), carcass yield (%), and breast and thigh + drumstick yield (%) were used as response variables. Results showed no difference (p > 0.05) among treatments for performance, carcass yield, and cut yield in experiment E1. In experiment E2 there was only difference between genders (p < 0.05) and males showed higher total weight gain, feed intake, hot carcass weight and thigh + drumstick yield. Different LED color use had same effect as fluorescent lights on broiler performance and carcass yield.

scholarly journals The meat quality of layer males from free range in comparison with fast growing chickens

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lichovníková ◽  
J. Jandásek ◽  
M. Jůzl ◽  
E. Dračková
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

: In chick hatcheries, males of laying hybrids are considered to be “waste” and the majority of these males are killed just after hatching. On the other hand, the interest of consumers in products from alternative systems (organic, free-range) is increasing. The idea was to evaluate the meat quality of these males when they have access to free range because there is not such a study available. The aim of this study was to compare the physical and sensory quality of the meat of layer males with fast-growing broilers at the same age when they had both access to free range and when they were fed to 49 and 90 days of age. Slow-growing ISABROWN (IB) layer males and fast-growing Ross 308 (RS) chickens were kept in free-range conditions to evaluate carcass and meat quality at 49 days and 90 days of age. Live weight, carcass yield, breast meat yield and the proportion of abdominal fat were significantly higher (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in RS at both ages. The proportions of fat in the breast meat were significantly lower (<I>P</I> < 0.01) in IB at both ages. The value of pH 24 h was significantly higher in IB and the meat was darker (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in these chickens. The overall acceptability was significantly better (<I>P</I> < 0.01) in IB at 90 days of age. The laying males are acceptable for an alternative system of poultry meat production from the aspect of meat quality. The quality was comparable or even higher in comparison with fast-growing chickens.

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