scholarly journals Effects of Orexin B on Swine Granulosa and Endothelial Cells

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Francesca Grasselli ◽  
Simona Bussolati ◽  
Stefano Grolli ◽  
Rosanna Di Lecce ◽  
Cecilia Dall’Aglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Fibrin Gel

In addition to the well-known central modulatory role of orexins, we recently demonstrated a peripheral involvement in swine granulosa cells for orexin A and in adipose tissue for orexin B (OXB). The aim of present research was to verify immunolocalization of OXB and its potential role in modulating the main features of swine granulosa cells. In particular, we explored the effects on granulosa cell proliferation (through the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine), cell metabolic activity (as indirect evaluation by the assessment of ATP), steroidogenic activity (by immunoenzymatic examination) and redox status (evaluating the production of superoxide anion by means of the WST test, production of nitric oxide through the use of the Griess test and the non-enzymatic reducing power by FRAP test). Our data point out that OXB does not modify granulosa cell growth, steroidogenesis and superoxide anion generation. On the contrary, the peptide stimulates (p < 0.05) nitric oxide output and non-enzymatic reducing power. Since new vessel growth is crucial for ovarian follicle development, a further aim of this study was to explore the expression of prepro-orexin and the effects of OXB on swine aortic endothelial cells. We found that the peptide is ineffective in modulating cell growth, while it inhibits redox status parameters. In addition, we demonstrated a stimulatory effect on angiogenesis evaluated in fibrin gel angiogenesis assay. Taken together, OXB appears to be potentially involved in the modulation of redox status in granulosa and endothelial cells and we could argue an involvement of the peptide in the follicular angiogenic events.

Potential physiological involvement of nesfatin-1 in regulating swine granulosa cell functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
R. Ciccimarra ◽  
S. Bussolati ◽  
F. Grasselli ◽  
S. Grolli ◽  
M. Paolucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Vessel Growth

Nesfatin-1 has recently been indicated as a pleiotropic molecule that is primarily involved in the metabolic regulation of reproductive functions acting at hypothalamic level. The aim of this study was to explore the local action of nesfatin-1 in swine ovarian follicles. Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) was verified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in swine granulosa cells from different sized follicles and nesfatin-1 was localised by immunohistochemistry in sections of the whole porcine ovary. The effects of different concentrations of nesfatin-1 on cell growth, steroidogenesis and the redox status of granulosa cells were determined invitro. In addition, the effects of nesfatin-1 were evaluated in an angiogenesis bioassay because vessel growth is essential for ovarian follicle function. Immunohistochemistry revealed intense positivity for nesfatin-1 in swine granulosa cells in follicles at all developmental stages. Expression of the gene encoding the precursor protein NUCB2 was higher in granulosa cells from large rather than from medium and small follicles. Further, nesfatin-1 stimulated cell proliferation and progesterone production and interfered with redox status by modifying nitric oxide production and non-enzyme scavenging activity in granulosa cells from large follicles. Moreover, nesfatin-1 exhibited a stimulatory effect on angiogenesis. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nesfatin-1 is physiologically present in the swine ovarian follicle, where it may impair granulosa cell functions.

Resveratrol and grape juice: Effects on redox status and nitric oxide production of endothelial cells in in vitro preeclampsia model

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Mayara Caldeira-Dias ◽  
Sarah Viana-Mattioli ◽  
Jackeline de Souza Rangel Machado ◽  
Mattias Carlström ◽  
Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production

scholarly journals The Phytoestrogen Quercetin Impairs Steroidogenesis and Angiogenesis in Swine Granulosa Cells In Vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujen Eleonora Santini ◽  
Giuseppina Basini ◽  
Simona Bussolati ◽  
Francesca Grasselli
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Experimental evidence documents that nutritional phytoestrogens may interact with reproductive functions but the exact mechanism of action is still controversial. Since quercetin is one of the main flavonoids in livestock nutrition, we evaluated its possible effects on cultured swine granulosa cell proliferation, steroidogenesis, and redox status. Moreover, since angiogenesis is essential for follicle development, the effect of the flavonoid on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor output by granulosa cells was also taken into account. Our data evidence that quercetin does not affect granulosa cell growth while it inhibits progesterone production and modifies estradiol production in a dose-related manner. Additionally, the flavonoid interferes with the angiogenic process by inhibiting VEGF production as well as by altering redox status. Since steroidogenesis and angiogenesis are strictly involved in follicular development, these findings appear particularly relevant, pointing out a possible negative influence of quercetin on ovarian physiology. Therefore, the possible reproductive impact of the flavonoid should be carefully considered in animal nutrition.

Melatonin potentially acts directly on swine ovary by modulating granulosa cell function and angiogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Basini ◽  
Simona Bussolati ◽  
Roberta Ciccimarra ◽  
Francesca Grasselli
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Vessel Growth ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Local Modulation

Melatonin exerts well-known reproductive effects, mainly acting on hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone release. More recent data suggest that melatonin acts directly at the ovarian level, even if, at present, these aspects have been only partly investigated. Swine follicular fluid contains melatonin and its concentration is significantly reduced during follicular growth. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the effects of melatonin, used at physiological concentrations, on cultured swine granulosa cells collected from small (<3 mm) and large (>5 mm) follicles on the main parameters of granulosa cell function such as proliferation and steroidogenesis, namely oestradiol 17β and progesterone (P4) production. Moreover, the effects of melatonin on superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO) generation by swine granulosa cells were also investigated. Finally, since angiogenesis is crucial for follicle growth, the effects of melatonin on new vessel growth were studied. Collected data indicate that melatonin interferes with cultured granulosa cell proliferation and steroidogenesis, specifically in terms of P4 production and NO output. In addition, the events of physiological follicular angiogenesis were stimulated by melatonin as evidenced by angiogenesis bioassay. Therefore, we suggest that physiological melatonin concentrations could potentially be involved in local modulation of swine ovarian follicle function.

scholarly journals Defective Gonadotropin-Dependent Ovarian Folliculogenesis and Granulosa Cell Gene Expression in Inhibin-Deficient Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (10) ◽  
pp. 4994-5006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur K. Nagaraja ◽  
Brooke S. Middlebrook ◽  
Saneal Rajanahally ◽  
Michelle Myers ◽  
Qinglei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Ovarian Follicle Development ◽  
Female Mice

Inhibin-α knockout (Inha−/−) female mice develop sex cord-stromal ovarian cancer with complete penetrance and previous studies demonstrate that the pituitary gonadotropins (FSH and LH) are influential modifiers of granulosa cell tumor development and progression in inhibin-deficient females. Recent studies have demonstrated that Inha−/− ovarian follicles develop precociously to the early antral stage in prepubertal mice without any increase in serum FSH. These studies suggest that in the absence of inhibins, granulosa cells differentiate abnormally and thus at sexual maturity may undergo an abnormal response to gonadotropin signaling contributing to tumor development. To test this hypothesis, we stimulated immature wild-type and Inha−/− female mice with gonadotropin analogs prior to tumor formation and subsequently examined gonadotropin-induced ovarian follicle development as well as preovulatory and human chorionic gonadotropin-induced gene expression changes in granulosa cells. We find that at 3 wk of age, inhibin-deficient ovaries do not show further antral development or undergo cumulus expansion. In addition, there are widespread alterations in the transcriptome of gonadotropin-treated Inha−/− granulosa cells, with significant changes in genes involved in extracellular matrix and cell-cell communication. These data indicate the gonadotropins initiate an improper program of cell differentiation prior to tumor formation in the absence of inhibins.

Is nitric oxide an autocrine modulator of bovine granulosa cell function?

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Basini ◽  
M. Baratta ◽  
N. Ponderato ◽  
S. Bussolati ◽  
C. Tamanini
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Lead Point ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Cells In Culture ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important intra- and intercellular messenger controlling many biological processes. It is synthesized by NO synthases, which have been found also in granulosa cells. The present study examined whether NO is present in bovine follicular fluid and is produced by granulosa cells in culture. Secondly, it aimed to determine if NO affects the main parameters of granulosa cell function. The NO donor S-nitroso-L-acetyl-penicillamine (10 –3 , 10 –4 , 10 –5 М) was used to evaluate whether NO might influence steroidogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells collected from follicles divided according to their size in small (<5 mm) and large (>8 mm). The data demonstrate the presence of NO in follicular fluid and its production by granulosa cells in culture: the most active cells in producing NO are those from the small follicles, as confirmed by the NO levels in follicular fluid. This study also shows that NO donor significantly (P<0.001) inhibits progesterone (P4) and oestradiol 17β (E2) production by the granulosa cells from both kinds of follicle; moreover, the highest concentration of NO donor significantly (P<0.001) inhibits DNA fragmentation in all the cells whereas the lowest concentration stimulates (P<0.001) cellular apoptosis only in granulosa cells from large follicles. NO donor does not seem to modify cell proliferation. Taken together these data lead point to NO as a local modulator of granulosa cell function.

scholarly journals L-4F, an Apolipoprotein A-1 Mimetic, Restores Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Anion Balance in Low-Density Lipoprotein-Treated Endothelial Cells

Circulation ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 107 (11) ◽  
pp. 1520-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Ou ◽  
Jingsong Ou ◽  
Allan W. Ackerman ◽  
Keith T. Oldham ◽  
Kirkwood A. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apolipoprotein A
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