scholarly journals Cinnamon: A Natural Feed Additive for Poultry Health and Production—A Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2026
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Eric N. Ponnampalam ◽  
Gamini Pushpakumara ◽  
Jeremy J. Cottrell ◽  
Hafiz A. R. Suleria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Feed Management ◽  
Potential Impact

The increased bacterial resistance to synthetic antibiotics and consumer awareness about the health and food safety concerns have triggered the ban on the use of antibiotic growth promotors (AGPs) in the poultry industry. This situation encouraged the poultry sector and industry to explore safe alternatives to AGPs and focus on developing more sustainable feed management strategies to improve the intestinal health and growth performance of poultry. Consequently, phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) have emerged as natural alternatives to AGPs and have great potential in the poultry industry. In recent years, cinnamon (one of the most widely used spices) has attracted attention from researchers as a natural product with numerous health benefits for poultry. The essential oils in cinnamon, in particular, are of interest because of their antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and hypocholesterolaemic effects, in addition to their ability to stimulate digestive enzymes in the gut. This review mainly emphasizes the potential impact of cinnamon as a natural feed additive on overall gut health, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical profile, gene expression, gut microbiota and immune response.

scholarly journals Potential Applications of Moringa oleifera in Poultry Health and Production as Alternative to Antibiotics: A Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Rifat Ullah Khan ◽  
Aamir Khan ◽  
Shabana Naz ◽  
Qudrat Ullah ◽  
Vito Laudadio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Feed Management ◽  
Potential Applications

Because of developing bacterial resistance and increased public awareness of health and food safety problems, the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in the chicken industry has been outlawed. This problem has spurred the poultry industry and sector to explore for safe antibiotic alternatives and to focus on developing better long-term feed management solutions in order to improve chicken health and growth. As a result, phytogenics have developed as natural antibiotic alternatives, with a lot of potential in the poultry industry. Moringa oleifera has gotten a lot of attention from researchers in the recent past as a natural product with a lot of health advantages for poultry. Moringa is known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic properties, as well as its capacity to activate digestive enzymes in the stomach, owing to the presence of hundreds of essential ingredients. The potential influence of M. oleifera as a natural feed supplement on overall gut health, nutritional digestibility, blood biochemical profile, antioxidant benefits, antibacterial potential, and immunological response is emphasized in this review.

scholarly journals 173 Lysed Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass from lysine production as a novel feed additive to enhance gut health and growth of newly-weaned pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Yi-Chi Cheng ◽  
Marcos E Duarte ◽  
Sung Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective was to determine the functional and nutritional values of Corynebacterium glutamicum Cell Mass (CGCM) on growth performance and gut health of newly-weaned pigs. Forty newly-weaned pigs (21 d of age; initial BW 7.1 ± 0.4 kg) were allotted to 5 dietary treatments based on randomized complete block design with sex and BW as blocks. The lysine broth of CGCM (CJ Bio, Fort Dodge, IA) was homogenized by using French press and dried to obtain lysed CGCM. Dietary treatments were: basal diet with lysed CGCM at 0, 0.7, 1.4, 2.1%, and with 1.4% intact CGCM. Experimental diets were formulated based on nutrient requirements (NRC, 2012) and pigs were fed based on 2 phases (10 and 11 d for each phase). Titanium dioxide (0.4%) was added to phase 2 diets as an indigestible external marker to calculate nutrient digestibility. Feed intake and BW were measured at d 0, 10, and 21. Pigs were euthanized on d 21 to collect proximal and distal jejunal mucosa to measure TNF-α, IL-8, MDA, IgA, and IgG concentrations. Diets and ileal digesta were collected to measure AID. Data were analyzed by SAS using MIXED, REG, and GLM procedures. Overall, increasing daily lysed CGCM intake increased (P < 0.05) ADG (211 to 296 g) and ADFI (432 to 501 g). Increasing levels of lysed CGCM decreased (P < 0.05) MDA and changed (quadratic, P < 0.05) IgA (max: 4.90 ng/mg at 1.13%) and IgG (max: 3.37 ng/mg at 1.04%) in the proximal jejunal mucosa. Increasing daily lysed CGCM intake had quadratic effect (P< 0.05) of protein carbonyl (max: 6.3 μmol/mg at 4.9 g/d). Lysed CGCM potentially benefits growth performance and gut health of newly-weaned pigs by reducing oxidative stress and increasing immune response.

Effect of Artemisia Absinthium(Titween) on nutrient intake, digestibility, nutrient balance and blood biochemical of sheep

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Bhat ◽  
A. Ishfaq ◽  
A. M. Ganai ◽  
Y. A Beigh ◽  
G. G. Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Blood Biochemical

The study was carried to evaluate the effects of feeding phytogenic feed additive, Artemisia absinthiumon nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, utilization and performance of sheep. Ten male adult Bakerwal sheep were randomly divided into control group (T0) and treatment group (T1). The complete ration for T1 was fortified with herb Artemisia absinthium@ 4%. Significant (P less than 0.05) differences were observed in DM intake, OM intake, average daily gainand digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP and EE. However, non-significant (P less than 0.05) differences were recorded in digestibility coefficients of NFE, NDF, ADF and HC. Significant increase in % DCP and % TDN were recorded in T1 group as compared to T0 group. Nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance were comparable between two groups and were positive in both groups. Among haemato-biochemical parameters blood glucose, Hb, PCV and total serum proteins, differed non-significantly (P£0.05) between the groups, both before and after experimental feeding, except the BUN which was found significantly (P£0.05) higher in herb supplemented group.

scholarly journals From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Guilloteau ◽  
L. Martin ◽  
V. Eeckhaut ◽  
R. Ducatelle ◽  
R. Zabielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression

Butyrate is a natural substance present in biological liquids and tissues. The present paper aims to give an update on the biological role of butyrate in mammals, when it is naturally produced by the gastrointestinal microbiota or orally ingested as a feed additive. Recent data concerning butyrate production delivery as well as absorption by the colonocytes are reported. Butyrate cannot be detected in the peripheral blood, which indicates fast metabolism in the gut wall and/or in the liver. In physiological conditions, the increase in performance in animals could be explained by the increased nutrient digestibility, the stimulation of the digestive enzyme secretions, a modification of intestinal luminal microbiota and an improvement of the epithelial integrity and defence systems. In the digestive tract, butyrate can act directly (upper gastrointestinal tract or hindgut) or indirectly (small intestine) on tissue development and repair. Direct trophic effects have been demonstrated mainly by cell proliferation studies, indicating a faster renewal of necrotic areas. Indirect actions of butyrate are believed to involve the hormono–neuro–immuno system. Butyrate has also been implicated in down-regulation of bacteria virulence, both by direct effects on virulence gene expression and by acting on cell proliferation of the host cells. In animal production, butyrate is a helpful feed additive, especially when ingested soon after birth, as it enhances performance and controls gut health disorders caused by bacterial pathogens. Such effects could be considered for new applications in human nutrition.

Serum Lipid Profile in Sheep Fed Diet Incorporated with Feed Additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Yasir A Beigh ◽  
Abdul M Ganai ◽  
Showkeen Muzamil ◽  
Danish M Mir ◽  
Haidar A Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Beneficial Effects

feeding trial to study the supplementation effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) cocktail and wormwood herb on serum lipid profile was conducted for 90 days in twenty crossbred lambs that were divided into four equal groups viz. T0 (Control) and T1, T2 and T3 (treatment groups). T0 received total mixed diet (TMR) without any supplementation, while in treatments groups TMR was supplemented either with EFE cocktail alone @ 0.60% (T1) or wormwood herb alone @ 4.50% (T2) and in a combination of the two feed additives (T3). At the end of the feeding trial, 6 days of digestibility trial was carried out to assess the supplementation effect in vivo on nutritional parameters and serum total lipids and different lipoprotein fractions were carried out at the start (0 d) and subsequently at monthly intervals of the experiment (30, 60 and 90 d). Nutrient digestibility, content as well intake were significantly higher in groups fed diets supplemented with the feed additives either alone (p less than 0.05) or in-combination (p less than 0.01). No significant effect was observed on the total cholesterol level at any point of evaluation, and on total triglycerides level-up to 30 d, but significant reduction was noted in T2 at 60 (p less than 0.05) and 90 (p less than 0.01) days as compared to T1. Significant (p less than 0.01) effect on HDL level was evident as elevated in T2 while reduced in T1 at day 60 and 90. In contrast, LDL values were reduced in T2 and elevated in T1 group at day 30 (p less than 0.05), 60 and 90 (p less than 0.01). VLDL levels did not change among the groups up to 30 d, whereas reduced at day 60 (p less than 0.05) and 90 (p less than 0.01) in T2 as compared to T1. Lowest (p less than 0.01) AI value was observed in the T2 group at day 90 compared to other groups. It was concluded that dietary incorporation of wormwood herb as a feed additive for sheep improved nutritional status along with health beneficial effects when supplemented alone.

Comparative Effect of Probiotics (Swine and Dairy Origin) on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Biochemical Profile, Immune Status and Faecal Microbial Count of Early-weaned Grower-finisher Crossbred Pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joysowal ◽  
B.N. Saikia ◽  
S. Tamuly ◽  
D. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
G Ratio

Background: Earlier antibiotics were used for growth promotion and prophylactics against gastrointestinal diseases but the injudicious use of antibiotics could lead to bacterial resistance and certain amount of residues in animal products. Therefore, maintenance of intestinal microflora balance through a non-antibiotic approach is urgently needed and for that probiotics is now preferred over antibiotics. The application of probiotics had gained significant attention in developing suitable alternatives of antibiotics in the swine industry.Methods: The experiment was conducted by considering n=27 number female post weaned piglet which were distributed into three groups (3 replicates of 3 each) and supplemented with basal diet either without probiotics (C) or with a probiotic of dairy-based (Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC-15) or swine based (Pediococccus. acidilactici FT28) to evaluate the effect of probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical profile, immune status and faecal microbial count in growing pigs.Conclusion: Improvement in terms of growth performance, digestibility of CP, N retention found. The serum A: G ratio, triglyceride, glucose and cholesterol level lower (p less than 0.05) in TPedic group compared to other treatment groups. The cell-mediated and humoral immune response was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in probiotics supplemented animals, nonetheless, swine based probiotic had better (P less than 0.001) response as compared to dairy based probiotics.

scholarly journals Effects of bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast-based feed additive combinations on ruminal fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S L Bennett ◽  
J A Arce-Cordero ◽  
V L N Brandao ◽  
J R Vinyard ◽  
B C Agustinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Molar Proportion

Abstract Bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast derived feed additives are often included in commercial dairy rations due to their effects on ruminal fermentation. However, the effects of these additives when fed together are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in ruminal fermentation when a dairy ration is supplemented with combinations of bacterial probiotics, enzymes and yeast. Our hypotheses were that ruminal fermentation would be altered, indicated through changes in volatile fatty acid profile and nutrient digestibility, with inclusion of: (1) an additive, (2) yeast and (3) increasing additive doses. Treatments were randomly assigned to 8 fermenters in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square with four 10 d experimental periods, consisting of 7 d for diet adaptation and 3 d for sample collection. Basal diets contained 52:48 forage:concentrate and fermenters were fed 106 g of dry matter per day divided equally between 2 feeding times. Treatments were: control (CTRL, without additives); bacterial culture/enzyme blend (EB, 1.7 mg per day); bacterial culture/enzyme blend with a blend of live yeast and yeast culture (EBY, 49.76 mg per day); and double dose of the EBY treatment (2X, 99.53 mg per day). The bacterial culture/enzyme blend contained five strains of probiotics (Lactobacillus animalis, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Bacillus lichenformis, Bacillus subtillis, and Enterococcus faecium) and three enzymes (amylase, hemicellulase, and xylanase). On d 8-10, samples were collected for pH, redox, volatile fatty acids, lactate, ammonia N and digestibility measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Repeated measures were used for pH, redox, VFA, NH3-N and lactate kinetics data. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test the effect of: (1) additives, ADD (CTRL vs EB, EBY and 2X); (2) yeast, YEAST (EB vs EBY and 2X); and (3) dose, DOSE (EBY vs 2X). No effects (p > 0.05) were observed for pH, redox, NH3-N, acetate, isobutyrate, valerate, total VFA, acetate:propionate, nutrient digestibility or N utilization. Within the 24h pool, the molar proportion of butyrate increased (p = 0.03) with the inclusion of additives when compared to the control while the molar proportion of propionate tended to decrease (p = 0.07). In conclusion, inclusion of bacterial cultures, enzymes and yeast to the diet increased butyrate concentration; but did not result in major changes in ruminal fermentation.

scholarly journals The effect of feeding a natural feed additive on the performance of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Natalya Yurina ◽  
Boris Khorin ◽  
Denis Yurin ◽  
Marina Semenenko ◽  
Elena Kuzminova
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Blood Biochemical

Natural feed additive is made on the basis of bottom sediments of the steppe reservoirs of the Krasnodar Territory and is a dry powder of a grayish tint. Mineralization of local bottom sediments is 6.5 g / kg, calcium content is 29.7 g / kg, macronutrients from 1.04 to 25.8 g / kg, trace elements from 0.03 to 0.7 g / kg. The medium reaction is from neutral to slightly alkaline. Using sapropel feed additives (SFA), it was possible to increase the gross live weight gain of broiler chickens by 1.7-2.0% while reducing feed costs per 1 kg of gain by 0.5%. All internal organs of the poultry were developed within normal limits. There was profitability increase by 1.1% in growing broilers, when using sapropel feed additives in full feed. Blood biochemical values were at an optimal level. Therefore, this feed additive can be considered as a natural feed ingredient; however, it is necessary to further develop a complex feed additive from natural components that partially or completely meets the requirement of the poultry in biologically active substances and micronutrients.

scholarly journals Overview of Prebiotics and Probiotics: Focus on Performance, Gut Health and Immunity – A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratima Acharya Adhikari ◽  
Woo Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Poor Growth

AbstractDue to the threat and emergence of bacterial resistance against antibiotics, the use of in-feed antibiotics at therapeutic and subtherapeutic levels has been limited. Complete withdrawal of antibiotics as growth promoters (AGP) has led to poor gut health signs in chickens that include conditions like wet litter, intestinal bacteria overgrowth, poor growth performance, malabsorption and various diseases. Two of the most common alternatives to AGP are prebiotics and probiotics. Both prebiotics and probiotics have become the potential feed additives that improve the gut health, immune system and microbiota by various mechanisms of action, and enhance growth performance of chickens. The review discusses the modes of action like antibacterial, competitive exclusion (CE), and immunomodulatory properties of prebiotics and probiotics, particularly in poultry.In ovofeeding of prebiotics and probiotics with promising effect on growth performance and reduction of pathogens likeSalmonellais also discussed in this review. However, it is necessary to conduct more research with prebiotics and probiotics as well as other feed additives to understand the detailed mechanisms of action and identify better alternatives for poultry production and health.

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