GIS as an Epidemiological Tool to Monitor the Spatial–Temporal Distribution of Tuberculosis in Large Game in a High-Risk Area in Portugal

Since April 2011, Portugal has implemented specific national legislation (Notice N.º1/2011), defining “Epidemiologic Risk Areas for Bovine Tuberculosis in Large Game” and mitigation measures in these areas, including Idanha-a-Nova county. A GIS project was created to record information that would allow us to analyse the spatial–temporal distribution, both for hunting bags and tuberculosis occurrence, in hunted wild boar and red deer in Idanha-a-Nova. Hunting bag and tuberculosis-like lesion data were recorded during post-mortem inspection across 11 hunting seasons, totalling 9844 animals. The difference in tuberculosis occurrence for these species was statistically significant in nearly all 11 seasons, with wild boars presenting approximately twice the occurrence of red deer. No significant difference was noted before and after the Notice N.º1/2011 implementation. These results, following GIS-based spatial analysis, enable us to state that both large game species displayed an irregular tuberculosis pattern for the 2006–2016 period, and we identified some specific areas of high risk for both species. Southern areas of the county may be considered the priority for intervention. This research demonstrates the potential of GIS tools to evaluate, in the field, the results and efficacy of legislation such as Notice N.º1/2011, and to ensure the correct implementation of cost-effective mitigation strategies for tuberculosis in large game species.

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Comparison of Dental Anxiety While Visiting Dental Clinics before and after Getting Vaccinated in Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010115 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Abhishek Lal ◽

Sara Saeed ◽

Naseer Ahmed ◽

Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽

Afsheen Maqsood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

P Value ◽

Risk Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Dental Clinics ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Dental Practices

Vaccination is critical to control the rate of coronavirus transmission and infectivity. Dental practices are a high-risk area for contracting coronavirus; this fact generates psychological disturbances amongst patients. In this study, we aimed to assess the levels of anxiety of patients while visiting dental practices before and after getting vaccinated. This cross-sectional study was carried out between March and December 2021. An electronic survey was distributed among the vaccinated individuals who visited dental clinics before and after getting vaccinated. The survey consisted of the following four parts: demographic characteristics, questions related to coronavirus, and anxiety scores before and after getting vaccinated. SPSS-25 was used to perform the statistical analysis, where paired t-test was used to compare the anxiety scores, and Mann–Whitney U test to assess the association of gender with anxiety scores. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. A total of 400 vaccinated individuals participated in this study, with a response rate of 88.23%. The majority of the respondents (71.0%) did not test positive for coronavirus. More than half of the participants (54.0%) reported to not be suffering from any coronavirus-related symptoms. About 100 (25.0%) of the individuals stated that dental clinics are an environment in which there is a high risk of contracting coronavirus. In regards to the comparison of the mean MDAS scores of the participants before and after getting vaccinated, a significant difference (p = 0.001) was found. Vaccination has been recommended for all eligible individuals to control the transmission and infectivity of coronavirus. Vaccinations have decreased the dental anxiety of patients while visiting dental clinics. However, the protective measures are still valid and should be followed, regardless of the vaccination status.

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The Feasibility of Selective High-Risk Area Irradiation for Supraglottic Laryngeal Carcinoma With Positive Lymph Nodes Only in Areas II and IIIThe Feasibility of Selective High-Risk Area Irradiation for Supraglottic Laryngeal Carcinoma With Positive Lymph Nodes Only in Areas II and III

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122173/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

jianfeng zhou ◽

hongyong Wang ◽

li Bian ◽

tiejun Wang

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Laryngeal Cancer ◽

Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽

Late Toxicity ◽

Risk Area ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Radiation Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Positive Lymph Nodes

Abstract ObjectiveTo study the prognosis of patients with positive lymph nodes in area II and III after supraglottic laryngocarcinoma surgery and to evaluate the feasibility of selective irradiation of a high-risk area. MethodsFrom February 2010 to March 2015, the complete clinical data for 181 patients treated for supraglottic laryngeal cancer at the Radiotherapy Department of the Second Hospital of Jilin University were analysed retrospectively. Among them, 100 patients were treated with whole neck prophylactic irradiation and 81 patients were treated with selective high-risk irradiation; i.e., lymph drainage of areas II and III. ResultsThe median follow-up time was 38.5 months; the 5-year OS, PFS, and NFS were 67.9%,58.1%,64.6% respectively. Among them, there were 6 cases of lymph node recurrence, 4 cases of local recurrence, 8 cases of distant metastasis and 58 deaths. However, there was no significant difference in recurrence between the selective high-risk radiation group and the total neck prophylactic radiation group. The OS, PFS and NFS of the two groups were 67.9% vs. 68%, 58.02% and 58%, and 62.9% and 66%, respectively, and the P values were 0.9161, 0.8916 and 0.7333,respectively. For late toxicity resulting from radiotherapy, the incidence of cervical fibrosis (2.47% vs. 10%, P = 0.043) and the incidence of throat mucosa injury (6.17% vs. 24%, P = 0.001) in patients in the selective high-risk area irradiation group were reduced. ConclusionThe preliminary data show that selective high-risk area irradiation is safe and feasible for patients with supraglottic laryngeal cancer accompanied by positive lymph nodes only in areas II and III, and the treatment can reduce the long-term adverse reactions and improve the quality of life. However, more evidence is needed.

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PROPOSAL FOR UTILIZATION OF COMMUNITY DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN SYSTEM IN FLOOD HIGH RISK AREA -IN THE CASE ON EVACUATION BEHAVIOR OF DISABLED PERSON AT HEAVY RAIN DISASTER-

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser F6 (Safety Problem) ◽

10.2208/jscejsp.75.2_i_75 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. I_75-I_82

Author(s):

Chikako ISOUCHI ◽

Yukiko TSUDA ◽

Atsuko NONOMURA

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

Management Plan ◽

Risk Area ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Evacuation Behavior

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74 Improving Handover Between Doctors and Nurses on An Elderly Care Ward

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afab030.35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. i12-i42

Author(s):

K Suseeharan ◽

T Vedutla

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Patient Care ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Elderly Care ◽

Task Completion ◽

Risk Area ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Staff Members ◽

Care Ward ◽

Doctors And Nurses

Abstract Background The Royal College of Physician guidelines (2011) identified handover as a “high risk step” in patient care, especially in recent times within the NHS where shift patterns lead to more disjointed care with a high reliance on effective handover by all staff members. Introduction At Cannock Chase hospital, Fairoak ward is an elderly care rehabilitation ward where there is a large multi-disciplinary team. While working on the ward as doctors we noticed that handover between the MDT was poor. Anecdotal evidence from both doctors and nurses felt that this was a high risk area in need of improvement. Aim to improve handover between doctors and nurses on this elderly care ward. Method To measure the quality of current handover practice we did a questionnaire. A total of 12 questionnaires were completed which showed that 92% of staff felt that handover on the ward was very poor and 50% preferred both written and verbal handover. We measured the number of tasks verbally handed over between doctors and nurses over 3 days. On average 65% of the tasks were completed. We then made the below interventions and re-audited to see if there was any improvement. Interventions over 3 week period: Results Questionnaire: Measuring task completion after interventions; Conclusion This project has made a positive change qualitatively and quantitatively to the ward handover practice. Staff satisfaction regarding handover has improved and the number of “handed over” tasks completed daily has significantly improved. The written handover sheet had poor utilisation by staff but in 4 months we are going to re-audit and trial the handover sheet again to further improve service delivery. We hope this improvement will have a positive impact on patient care on this elderly care ward.

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S2031 Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Esophageal Cancer in a High-Risk Area of Iran

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(08)61401-8 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 134 (4) ◽

pp. A-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Farhad Islami ◽

Farin Kamangar ◽

Dariush Nasrollahzadeh ◽

Masoud Sotoudeh ◽

Christian C. Abnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Esophageal Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Area ◽

High Risk Area

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Innovative Road — a High-Risk Area

Economic Strategies ◽

10.33917/es-8.174.2020.136-141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 136-141

Author(s):

Aleksei F. Renkel’ ◽

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Research And Development ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Education System ◽

Patent Law ◽

Risk Area ◽

High Risk Area ◽

Foreign Experience ◽

The Russian Federation

At present the education system in the Russian Federation does not include any program teaching the basics of patent law on inventions, therefore protection of copyright holders in courts is very problematic. The article analyzes foreign experience of patent law on inventions, provides examples of implementing research and development results.

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