scholarly journals Telomere Length, Apoptotic, and Inflammatory Genes: Novel Biomarkers of Gastrointestinal Tract Pathology and Meat Quality Traits in Chickens under Chronic Stress (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3276
Author(s):  
Kazeem Ajasa Badmus ◽  
Zulkifli Idrus ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Kamalludin Mamat-Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

This study was designed to examine the potentials of telomere length, mitochondria, and acute phase protein genes as novel biomarkers of gastrointestinal (GI) tract pathologies and meat quality traits. Chickens were fed a diet containing corticosterone (CORT) for 4 weeks and records on body weight, telomere length, GI tract and muscle histopathological test, meat quality traits, mitochondria, and acute phase protein genes were obtained at weeks 4 and 6 of age. The body weight of CORT-fed chickens was significantly suppressed (p < 0.05). CORT significantly altered the GI tract and meat quality traits. The interaction effect of CORT and age on body weight, duodenum and ileum crypt depth, pH, and meat color was significant (p < 0.05). CORT significantly (p < 0.05) shortened buffy coat telomere length. UCP3 and COX6A1 were diversely and significantly expressed in the muscle, liver, and heart of the CORT-fed chicken. Significant expression of SAAL1 and CRP in the liver and hypothalamus of the CORT-fed chickens was observed at week 4 and 6. Therefore, telomere lengths, mitochondria, and acute phase protein genes could be used as novel biomarkers for GI tract pathologies and meat quality traits.

Pentoxifylline decreases body weight loss and muscle protein wasting characteristics of sepsis

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. E660-E666 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Breuille ◽  
M. C. Farge ◽  
F. Rose ◽  
M. Arnal ◽  
D. Attaix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Phase Protein

Sepsis induces metabolic disorders that include loss of body weight, muscle wasting, and acute-phase protein synthesis in liver. Cytokines are generally recognized as active mediators of these disorders, and the implication of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been frequently discussed in the recent past. However, the identity of the active agent in alterations of protein metabolism is still controversial. To improve our understanding of the role of cytokines in mediating muscle wasting observed in sepsis, we investigated muscle and liver protein metabolism in the following three groups of rats: infected control rats (INF-C); infected rats pretreated with pentoxifylline (PTX-INF), which is a potent inhibitor of TNF secretion; and pair-fed rats for the PTX-INF group pretreated with pentoxifylline. Pentoxifylline nearly completely suppressed TNF secretion but did not influence the transient fall in rectal temperature, the decreased hematocrit, and the increased liver protein mass and synthesis observed in INF-C rats. Pentoxifylline decreased the anorexia, the loss of body weight and muscle protein observed in INF-C animals, and partially prevented the decrease in muscle protein synthesis induced by infection. The overall data indicate that pentoxifylline is an effective agent in mitigating the characteristic muscle protein wasting induced by sepsis and confirm the limited role of TNF in the mediation of the acute-phase protein synthesis. Our results suggest a probable implication of TNF in the regulation of protein balance in muscle but do not allow discarding possible implication of other mediators that would be inhibited by pentoxifylline.

scholarly journals Leptin produces anorexia and weight loss without inducing an acute phase response or protein wasting

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. R1518-R1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kaibara ◽  
Armin Moshyedi ◽  
Troy Auffenberg ◽  
Amer Abouhamze ◽  
Edward M. Copeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Response ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Preferential Loss ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Protein Response

The ob gene product leptin is known to produce anorexia and loss of body fat when chronically administered to both lean and genetically obese mice. The current study was undertaken to examine whether administration of recombinant leptin in quantities sufficient to produce decreases in food intake and body weight and alterations in body composition would elicit either an hepatic acute phase protein response or preferential loss of carcass lean tissue. Mice were administered increasing quantities of recombinant human leptin or human tumor necrosis factor-α as a positive control. Although leptin (at 10 mg/kg body wt) produced significant anorexia and weight loss (both P < 0.05), human leptin administration did not appear to induce an hepatic acute phase protein response in either lean or genetically obese mice, as determined by protein synthetic rates in the liver or changes in the plasma concentration of the murine acute phase protein reactants, amyloid A, amyloid P, or seromucoid (α1-acid glycoprotein). In addition, human leptin administration did not induce a loss of fat-free dry mass (protein) in lean or obese animals. The findings suggest that at doses adequate to alter food intake and body weight leptin is not a significant inducer of the hepatic acute phase response nor does leptin promote the preferential loss of somatic protein characteristic of a chronic inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Genetic variances, heritabilities and maternal effects on body weight, breast meat yield, meat quality traits and the shape of the growth curve in turkey birds

BMC Genetics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad L Aslam ◽  
John WM Bastiaansen ◽  
Richard PMA Crooijmans ◽  
Bart J Ducro ◽  
Addie Vereijken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

scholarly journals Carcass and meat quality traits of Saanen goat kids reared under natural and artificial systems and slaughtered at different ages

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hulya Yalcintan ◽  
Pembe Dilara Akin ◽  
Nursen Ozturk ◽  
Bulent Ekiz ◽  
Omur Kocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Saanen Goat ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Daily Gain

Production of high-quality carcass and meat from goat kids may contribute to an increase in goat farming profitability. The aim was to compare carcass and meat quality traits of Saanen goat kids raised under natural (NR) and artificial (AR) rearing systems and slaughtered at 80 days and 120 days of age. The AR kids were separated from their dams immediately after birth and were fed with a commercial milk replacer, while the NR kids suckled their mothers. The rearing type did not affect the average daily gain, slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, empty body weight, commercial dressing percentage, subjective conformation and fatness scores. In parallel with the increase in slaughter age, the slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, empty body weight and subjective carcass conformation score increased. The rearing type had no effect on instrumental meat quality traits, except for meat Lightness (L*) and Hue values. Meat from NR kids had higher L* and Hue values 1 h and 24 h after cutting than those of AR kids. Warner-Bratzler shear force value increased with the slaughter age, but the meat lightness decreased. The ultimate pH was generally high in all groups, ranging between 5.94 and 6.10. The panellists evaluated the meat from NR kids to be more tender and juicy and also gave the highest tenderness scores to the meat obtained from the kids slaughtered at 80 days of age. As a conclusion, the slaughter age may be more determinant than the rearing type in the occurrence of carcass and meat quality characteristics.

scholarly journals Mapping of QTL for chicken body weight, carcass composition, and meat quality traits in a slow-growing line

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1960-1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Allais ◽  
C. Hennequet-Antier ◽  
C. Berri ◽  
L. Salles ◽  
O. Demeure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Slow Growing

scholarly journals Dietary zinc concentration and lipopolysaccharide injection affect circulating trace minerals, acute phase protein response, and behavior as evaluated by an ear-tag based accelerometer in beef steers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R VanValin ◽  
Remy N Carmichael-Wyatt ◽  
Erin L Deters ◽  
Elizabeth M Messersmith ◽  
Katie J Heiderscheit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Injection Time ◽  
Acute Phase Protein Response ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract To assess plasma trace mineral (TM) concentrations, the acute phase protein response, and behavior in response to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, 96 Angus cross steers [average initial body weight (BW): 285 ± 14.4 kg] were sorted into two groups by BW (heavy and light; n = 48/group), fitted with an ear-tag based accelerometer (CowManager SensOor; Agis, Harmelen, Netherlands), and stagger started 14 d apart. Consecutive day BW were recorded to start the 24-d trial (d -1, 0). Dietary treatments began on d 0: common diet with either 30 (Zn30) or 100 (Zn100) mg supplemental Zn/kg DM (ZnSO4). On day 17 steers received one of the following injection treatments intravenously to complete the 2 × 3 factorial: 1) SALINE (~2-3 mL of physiological saline), 2) LOWLPS: 0.25 µg LPS/kg BW or 3) HIGHLPS: 0.375 µg LPS/kg BW. Blood, rectal temperature (RT), and BW were recorded on d 16 (-24 h relative to injection), and BW was used to assign injection treatment. Approximately 6, 24 (d 18), and 48 (d 19) h after treatment BW, RT, and blood were collected, and final BW recorded on d 24. Data were analyzed in Proc Mixed of SAS with fixed effects of diet, injection, diet × injection; for BW, RT, dry matter intake (DMI), plasma TM, and haptoglobin repeated measures analysis was used to evaluate effects over time. Area under the curve analysis determined by GraphPad Prism was used for analysis of accelerometer data. Body weight was unaffected by diet or injection (P ≥ 0.16), but there was an injection × time effect for DMI and RT (P &lt; 0.05), where DMI decreased in both LPS treatments on d 16, but recovered by d 17, and RT was increased in LPS treatments 6 h post-injection. Steers receiving LPS spent less time highly active and eating than SALINE (P &lt; 0.01). Steers in HIGHLPS spent lesser time ruminating, followed by LOWLPS and then SALINE (P &lt; 0.001). An injection × time effect (P &lt; 0.001) for plasma Zn showed decreased concentrations within 6 h of injection and remained decreased through 24 h before recovering by 48 h. A tendency for a diet × time effect (P = 0.06) on plasma Zn suggests plasma Zn repletion occurred at a greater rate in Zn100 compared to Zn30. These results suggest increased supplemental Zn may alter rate of recovery of Zn status from an acute inflammatory event. Additionally, ear-tag-based accelerometers used in this study were effective at detecting sickness behavior in feedlot steers, and rumination may be more sensitive than other variables.

Identification of connective tissue growth factor as a hepatic negative acute phase protein

Hepatology ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. NA-NA
Author(s):  
Ieva Peredniene ◽  
Eddy van de Leur ◽  
Birgit Lahme ◽  
Monika Siluschek ◽  
Axel M. Gressner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Growth Factor ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Phase Protein
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document