scholarly journals Characterization of Endophytic Streptomyces griseorubens MPT42 and Assessment of Antimicrobial Synergistic Interactions of its Extract and Essential Oil from Host Plant Litsea cubeba

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen ◽  
Vu ◽  
Chu-Ky ◽  
Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Litsea Cubeba

The present study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of the crude ethyl acetate extract (CEAE) from endophytic actinomycete MPT42 and essential oil (EO) of the same host plant Litsea cubeba. The isolate MPT42, exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and harboring all three antibiotic-related biosynthetic genes pks-I, pks-II, and nrps, was identified as Streptomycete griseorubens based on an analysis of the morphology, physiology, and 16S rDNA sequence. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index were used to estimate the synergistic effects of various combined ratios between CEAE or antibiotics (erythromycin, vancomycin) and EO toward 13 microbial strains including pathogens. L. cubeba fruit EO, showing the main chemical constituents of 36.0% citral, 29.6% carveol, and 20.5% limonene, revealed an active-low against tested microbes (MICs ≥ 600 μg/mL). The CEAE of S. griseorubens culture exhibited moderate–strong antimicrobial activities against microbes (MICs = 80–600 μg/mL). Analysis of the mechanism of action of EO on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 found that bacterial cells were dead after 7 h of the EO treatment at 1 MIC (5.5 mg/mL), where 62% cells were permeabilized after 2 h and 3% of them were filament (length ≥ 6 μm). Combinations of CEAE, erythromycin, or vancomycin with EO led to significant synergistic antimicrobial effects against microbes with 4–16 fold reduction in MIC values when compared to their single use. Interestingly, the vancomycin–EO combinations exhibited a strong synergistic effect against five Gram-negative bacterial species. This could assume that the synergy was possibly due to increasing the cell membrane permeability by the EO acting on the bacterial cells, which allows the uptake and diffusion of antimicrobial substances inside the cell easily. These findings in the present study therefore propose a possible alternative to combat the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes in veterinary and clinics.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND INTERACTION EFFECTS OF VIETNAMESE LITSEA CUBEBA (LOUR.) PERS ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS ENDOPHYTIC ACTINOBACTERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4A) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hai Van
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Litsea Cubeba

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers (L. cubeba) essential oil and its endophytic actinobacterial crude extracts (EACE) against pathogenic bacteria in individual and in combination. Using the broth micro-dilution assay, the results indicated that both L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE showed inhibition effect against Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 35654, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061, and drug resistant strains such as: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) ATCC 35984 and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. cubeba essential oil and its AECE were from 3.13 to 6.25 µl ml-1 and 50.0 to 333.3 µl ml-1 respectively. From the indices of fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of the combination of L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE, the synergistic effects were found against E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus and MRSE. The combination treatment of L. cubeba essential oil and its EACE enhance the inhibition effect against food-borne bacteria 16 times comparing with individual treatment.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

Synergistic Effects of Essential Oils of Ammoides verticillata and Satureja candidissima Against Many Pathogenic Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Benyoucef ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Arrar Zoheir ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ammoides Verticillata

Background: Antibiotic resistance is today one of the most serious threats to global health, food security and development. Due to the growing number of infections, treatment becomes more difficult, if not impossible, because of the loss of antibiotic efficacy. Objective: In the present investigation, the chemical composition of essential oils of Ammoides verticillata and Satureja candidissima and their synergistic effects on antimicrobial activities were investigated. Methods: The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was investigated using dilution-agar method against nine bacterial strains three Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), and six Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300,) Clostridium sporogenes (ATCC 19404), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 7314), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579). Results: The essential oil of A. verticillata was characterized principally by carvacrol (44,3%), Limonene (19,3%) and p-cymene (19,2%). The constituents identified of S. candidissima essential oil were principally oxygenated monoterpenes represented by pulegone (70,4%). The essential oil of A. verticillata had a good antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bacillus cereus) with MIC and MBC values between 0.2-0.4 µl/ml and 0.2-6.2 µl/ml, respectively. While, S. candidissima essential oil had moderate antimicrobial activities against all strains with MIC and MBC values between 1.5-6.2 µl/ml and 6.2-12.5 µl/ml, respectively. The results of antimicrobial activity of essential oils blend presented higher antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria with MIC and MBC values between 0.3-1.5 µl/ml and 0.4-6.2 µl/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The essential oils blend presented high antimicrobial activity compared to virgin oils. This activity can be due to the association of active compounds such as carvacrol and pulegone. These findings provide a new source of drugs that may help in therapy to lead to the development of a new treatment based on a combination of these essential oils against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria that continue to pose a threat to public health.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Interaction Effects of Litsea Cubeba Fruit Essential Oil and Chitosan Against Food-Borne Bacteria  

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Fractional Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Food Borne

The aims of this study were to investigate the antibacterial activity and interaction effect of Litsea cubeba fruit essential oil (EO) and chitosan (CTS) against food-borne bacteria. The inhibition zone of EO, CTS and EO-CTS mixture against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061 ranged from 39.0 - 57.3 mm; 11.7 - 15.5 mm and 29.7 - 39.3 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EO and CTS were 5.53 mg/mL and from 0.60 - 0.80 mg/mL, respectively. The synergistic effects were found when EO and CTS were used in combination with fractional inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.62 - 0.67. The MIC of the EO and CTS combination was decreased from 6 to 8-fold and 2-fold compared to individual treatment by EO and CTS, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated the potential application of EO-CTS mixture in food preservation.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and anti-arthritic activity of the essential oil from Litsea cubeba against Type II collagen rheumatoid arthritis in rat collagen

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancun Zhao ◽  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
Jie Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Ear Oedema ◽  
Spleen Index

Purpose: To study the curative effect of the volatile oil from Litsea cubeba (EOL) on type II collagen (CII) induced arthritic (CIA) rat. Methods: The chemical constituents of EOL were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analgesic effect of the oil was assessed by acetic acid-stimulated torsion and hot plate methods, while antiinflammatory potential was further assessed by in an ear oedema model induced by dimethylbenzene in mice. The anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity of EOL in mice was evaluated in terms of paw volume, arthritis index, thymus and spleen index, and serum inflammatory factor levels. Results: GC-MS showed that α-citral (26.42 %), β-citral (21.94 %), and limonene (12.79 %) were the main components of EOL. Different doses of EOL (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) exerted varying inhibitory effects on torsion in mice induced by acetic acid (p < 0.01) but had no significant effect on thermal stimulation-induced pain. EOL reduced ear oedema in mice (p < 0.01). In addition, EOL (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) reduced the mouse paw volume, arthritis index, and thymus and spleen index (p < 0.01). Furthermore, EOL reduced proinflammatory cytokines in serum but increased antiinflammatory cytokines (p < 0.01). Conclusion: EOL ameliorates symptoms of inflammation in CIA rats by inhibiting inflammatory reactions, suggesting it could be further developed as an anti-arthritic drug. Keywords: Litsea cubeba, Essential oil, Rrheumatoid arthritis, Pro-inflammatory cytokines

scholarly journals Chitosan-Stabilized Ag Nanoparticles with Superior Biocompatibility and Their Synergistic Antibacterial Effect in Mixtures with Essential Oils

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Cinteza ◽  
Cristina Scomoroscenco ◽  
Sorina Voicu ◽  
Cristina Nistor ◽  
Sabina Nitu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Colloidal Dispersion ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Promising Alternative

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered a promising alternative to the use of antibiotics in fighting multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, their use in medical application is hindered by the public concern regarding the toxicity of metallic nanoparticles. In this study, rationally designed AgNP were produced, in order to balance the antibacterial activity and toxicity. A facile, environmentally friendly synthesis was used for the electrochemical fabrication of AgNPs. Chitosan was employed as the capping agent, both for the stabilization and to improve the biocompatibility. Size, morphology, composition, capping layer, and stability of the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized. The in vitro biocompatibility and antimicrobial activities of AgNPs against common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were evaluated. The results revealed that chitosan-stabilized AgNPs were nontoxic to normal fibroblasts, even at high concentrations, compared to bare nanoparticles, while significant antibacterial activity was recorded. The silver colloidal dispersion was further mixed with essential oils (EO) to increase the biological activity. Synergistic effects at some AgNP–EO ratios were observed, as demonstrated by the fractionary inhibitory concentration values. Our results reveal that the synergistic action of both polymer-stabilized AgNPs and essential oils could provide a significant efficiency against a large variety of microorganisms, with minimal side effects.

Chemical Constituents, Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Oleoresin of Tailed Pepper (Piper Cubeba L)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurdip Singh ◽  
Palanisamy Marimuthu ◽  
Carola S. de Heluani ◽  
Cesar A. N. Catalan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Activity Measurements

The antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of hydrodistilled essential oil and oleoresin (obtained using acetone as a solvent) of tailed pepper were carried out by different techniques. The results obtained from antioxidant activity measurements of essential oil and oleoresin against mustard oil were measured for duration of 28 days in terms of peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, total carbonyl and p-anisidine values. The results obtained from butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was similar to both the oleoresin and essential oil. In addition, the inhibitory action in linoleic acid system was studied by monitoring accumulation of peroxide concentration. The radical scavenging capacity of both essential oil and oleoresin on 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were (71.2%) and (69.77%) respectively at 25 µL/mL. It was relatively lower in comparison with synthetic antioxidants (BHA-96.41%; BHT- 95.91%). The results obtained from reducing power, chelating effect and hydroxyl radical scavenging effect was also supported the antioxidant of essential oil and oleoresin. The tailed pepper essential oil and oleoresin showed 100% mycelial zone inhibition against Penicillium viridicatum at 3000 and 2000 ppm respectively in the poison food method. It is interesting to note that the essential oil revealed 100% clear zone inhibition against Aspergillus flavus at all tested concentrations. The chemical characterization of tailed pepper essential oil by GC and GC-MS resulted in the identification of 44 components accounting for 97.8% of the oil.

scholarly journals Chemical interplay and complementary adaptative strategies toggle bacterial antagonism and co-existence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Molina-Santiago ◽  
David Vela-Corcía ◽  
Daniel Petras ◽  
Luis Díaz-Martínez ◽  
Alicia Isabel Pérez-Lorente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Antagonism ◽  
Protein Elongation

AbstractBacterial communities are in a continuous adaptive and evolutionary race for survival. A myriad of molecules that kill, defend, or mediate communication between bacterial cells of different lineages shape the final structure of the microbial community. In this work we expand our knowledge on the chemical interplay and specific mutations that modulate the transition from antagonism to co-existence between two plant-beneficial bacteria, Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42. We reveal that the bacteriostatic activity of bacillaene produced by Bacillus relies on an interaction with the protein elongation factor FusA and how mutations in this protein lead to tolerance to bacillaene and other protein translation inhibitors. Additionally, we describe how the unspecific tolerance to antimicrobials associated with mutations in the glycerol kinase GlpK is provoked mainly by a decrease of Bacillus cell membrane permeability among other pleiotropic cellular responses. We conclude that nutrient specialization and mutations in basic biological functions are bacterial evolutive and adaptive strategies that lead to the coexistence of two primary competitive bacterial species rather than their mutual eradication.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of First and Second-Generation Ceragenins Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berna Ozbek-Celik ◽  
Damla Damar-Celik ◽  
Emel Mataraci-Kara ◽  
Cagla Bozkurt-Guzel ◽  
Paul B. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Time Kill

Objectives: The ceragenins, or CSAs, were designed to mimic the activities of antimicrobial peptides and represent a new class of antimicrobial agent. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the antimicrobial activities of first/second generation ceragenins and various antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae, including colistin-resistant bacteria. Also, the synergistic effects of two ceragenins with colistin or meropenem were investigated with six K. pneumoniae strains presenting different resistant patterns. Methods: Minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) were determined by the microdilution method according to the CLSI. Antibiotic combination studies were evaluated by the time–kill curve method. Results: MIC50 and MIC90 values of tested ceragenins ranged from 8 to 32 mg/L and 16 to 128 mg/L. Overall, among the ceragenins tested, CSA-131 showed the lowest MIC50 and MIC90 values against all microorganisms. The MICs of the ceragenins were similar or better than tested antibiotics, except for colistin. Synergistic activities of CSA-131 in combination with colistin was found for strains both at 1× MIC and 4× MIC. No antagonism was observed with any combination. Conclusions: First-generation ceragenins CSA-13 and CSA-44 and second-generation ceragenins CSA-131, CSA-138 and CSA-142 have significant antimicrobial effects on MDR K. pneumoniae. Mechanisms allowing resistance to clinical comparator antibiotics like colistin did not impact the activity of ceragenins. These results suggest that ceragenins may play a role in treating infections that are resistant to known antibiotics.

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