scholarly journals Cross-National Comparison of Soundscape in Urban Public Open Spaces between China and Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Lingtong Deng ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Kristian Jambrošić
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Public Open Spaces

There are similarities and differences between open public space soundscape evaluation in different countries, mainly due to the influence of cultural background. This paper systematically compares the effect of social-cultural context on soundscape of urban public open spaces in China and Croatia. Eleven well-known and typical squares were selected. A series of questionnaire surveys within the soundscape framework were carried out during the summer season, and gathered data were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in two principal components, eventfulness and pleasantness, as notable soundscape factors. However, eventfulness is the major factor in China, and pleasantness is the major factor in Croatia. In terms of environmental satisfaction, natural condition is the major factor based on PCA. Urban condition is the second factor in China, however, it is the third factor in Croatia. It is interesting to note that the physical environment is the most important factor in Croatian inland and coastal places, which is different compared to Chinese places. Visit purpose is the dominant factor associated with sound and environmental satisfaction. Natural sound and children have mainly positive correlations to sound and environmental satisfaction in China, whereas sounds of human activities have mainly negative correlations to sound and environmental satisfaction in Croatia.

SOCIOCULTURAL BASIS OF URBAN PLANNING REGULATION FOR PUBLIC OPEN SPACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-40
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Popkova ◽  
Matvey V. Savelyev ◽  
Natalia A. Unagaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Public Open Spaces

The authors consider the problem of urban planning regulation of public open spaces from the perspective of their dominant role in the formation of a holistic socio-cultural structure of a city. Relevance of the study is determined by the modern demand for comfortable urban environment of the public open spaces, which has become the global urban planning trend in recent decades. The modern approach, promoted in the UN Charter and in federal and regional strategic development programs is aimed at increasing the emotional attachment of people to a place of living and fostering a sense of community. The improvement of public spaces should be based on the historical and cultural context, natural features, and the identity of a place. The implementation of numerous projects all over the country has revealed the flaws of urban planning regulations. This fact stimulated the emergence of targeted contests of applied research aimed at the development of new national and local regulations, standard architectural solutions which would provide high-quality development of the urban environment. Analysis of the approaches to public open space development reveals current trends in their planning regulation, which are considered in separate sections of the article. The first section explores the mechanisms which regulate the improvement of urban historical and cultural sites. It touches upon the problems of preservation of cultural heritage and the identification of landmark places. It also considers examples of the urban planning regulations for the areas of “historical urban regeneration” (Dresden, Ivanovo, Arkhangelsk, Voronezh, Belgorod) and the examples of completed projects in Siberian cities (Yeniseisk, Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Irkutsk). The second section is devoted to the identification and preservation of unique natural elements and images of a place through the urban landscape zoning. Different approaches to solving issues of improvement and humanization of the living environment are considered using examples of Berlin, Paris, London, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk. The third section presents a comparative analysis of existing Russian and foreign regulatory documents aimed at creating an environment of public open spaces in urbanized areas of a city. Of particular interest here are the methods of regulation that take into account functional content, development morphology, remoteness from city center, natural and socio-cultural characteristics, as well as those aimed at protecting the wildlife (Seattle, New York, Toronto, London, Victoria Australia). The socio-cultural phenomenon of public open spaces highlights the fundamental relationship between the quality of spatial environment and human consciousness, behavior, way of life. Therefore, a tailored approach to the creation of architectural and landscape planning regulations will allow to treat each public space substantively, preserving and maintaining the identity of the historical and cultural environment of a place.

scholarly journals Conviviality as a Spatial Planning Goal for Public Open Spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4382-4387
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Democracy ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Tendency ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Conviviality is a popular concept in urban design while referring to the good qualities of public spaces. This concept is the need for current times when social life in physical public spaces is declining away largely to forces like social media and the virtual world. The human tendency to feel satisfied and happy exists in existence with others. The social media has taken away the role that established Greek agora as the first centre of public interaction which initiated the concepts of modern democracy. Where popular public spaces have big roles to perform, the small public spaces in the neighbourhood and markets perform an important role to stage the everyday local nuisance in people's life. Even If public space is satisfactory enough to take away the loneliness and boredom of everyday course of modern living a lot can be achieved. Conviviality is one such factor which helps to elevate the satisfaction of spending time with others. This paper is an attempt to understand conviviality and relate it to public open spaces from the physical planning point of view.

scholarly journals Perilaku Masyarakat di Ruang Terbuka Publik Alun-Alun Kabupaten Blora

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Septyani Wahyu Pradani ◽  
Nurini Nurini
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Behavior Setting ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Public Open Spaces

The existence of public open spaces in the city center can be used to improve the quality of the environment and social relations of the community. Community social relations can be seen from the interaction between individuals in using space that shapes behavior patterns. Thus, the development of public space can be seen from the behavior of the people around. Blora District Square is one of the public open spaces in the center of Blora Regency, which has an important role as a provider of socio-cultural space to accommodate various kinds of community activities. To determine the effect of providing space on visitor behavior, it is necessary to conduct research on community behavior in Blora District Square. This study aims to identify community behavior in using Blora District Square as a public open space. The analysis in this study consisted of visitor characteristics, activity characteristics, movement patterns, and behavior analysis. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods with descriptive statistical and Behavior Setting analysis techniques. Behavior Setting analysis is used to determine the movement pattern with place-centered mapping and person-centered mapping techniques. The subject of this study is the user of Blora Regency square. The sampling technique used is Probability Sampling. The results of this study are expected to provide recommendations related to the improvement of the quality of space in Blora Regency square in order to form better behavior patterns.

scholarly journals ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION OF THE TRANSIT PLAZA OF TANAH ABANG STATION ACCORDING TO USERS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Tamara Bonita ◽  
Aldyfra L. Lukman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The People ◽  
Transportation Facilities ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Abstract - Visual impairment is a term given to someone who does not have healthy vision. To fulfill their daily life needs, people with visual impairment tend to depend on the facilities in public open spaces. Accessibility that should support people with visual impairment in using public transportation facilities is often poorly maintained. This kind of condition could lead to fatal consequences to the safety of persons with disabilities. Options linked  to accessing public open spaces for people with visual impairment become limited due to the lack of facilities. The refurbishment has been done at Tanah Abang Station by providing a transit plaza for users that is connected to various public transportation facilities, which enables easy and comfortable navigation. This has become an opportunity, to build better public facilities that are accessible to all users, including for people with visual impairment. Through this effort, the transit plaza should be able to serve as a public space that is beneficial for people with visual impairment, so there are more possibilities to ensure their quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which the transit plaza can provide accessibility for people with visual impairment. The method used is qualitative and data collection was carried out through literature studies, field surveys as well as interviews and simulations with people with visual impairment. The results conclude that the accessibility value referring to technical requirements indicates that the transit plaza sufficiently complies with accessibility standards regarding public open spaces. This value is compared to the experience of people with visual impairment . This study  found that there are some differences from the aspect of convenience according to the people with visual impairment's point of view. The mobility in the transit plaza is considered easy and safe by people with visual impairment. When they had to determine  direction or orientation, people with visual impairment who were not familiar with transit plaza still had  difficulties to navigate independently. When facing these situations, blind people adapted by relying on abilities other than their sight as an alternative. Transit plaza could provide universal convenience for users by accommodate accessibility that can not only encourage the independence of the people with visual impairment, but also support comfort and safety of  individuals without visual impairment.   Keywords: Visual impairment, accessibility, transit plaza

scholarly journals PERSEPSI KENYAMANAN PENGUNJUNG RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK PERUMAHAN

Vitruvian ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Mona Anggiani ◽  
Ilal Rohmat
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Open Spaces

ABSTRAKRuang terbuka publik merupakan salah satu ruang yang seharusnya berada pada sebuah perumahan. Saat ini banyak ruang terbuka publik yang fungsinya sudah dibangkitkan kembali oleh pihak penyelenggara, baik pihak pemerintah maupun pihak swasta. Secara fisik, keberadaan ruang terbuka publik kini dalam keadaan yang layak dan baik. Namun, pada ruang publik ini terlihat fasilitas ruang publik yang sangat sederhana dan jumlahnya pun terbatas. Penelitian ini disusun untuk melihat persepsi pengunjung pada kelengkapan fasilitas di ruang terbuka dengan tingkat kenyamanan pengunjungnya. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi kajian di ruang terbuka publik dan menyebarkan kuisioner kepada pengunjung. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa menurut pengunjung, mereka merasa nyaman ketika berada di ruang terbuka publik ini. Penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat untuk peningkatan perencanaan ruang terbuka publik di perumahan selanjutnya. ABSTRACTPublic open space is one of the spaces that should be in a housing complex. At present many public open spaces whose functions have been resurrected by the organizers, both the government and private parties. Physically, the existence of public open space is now in a decent and good condition. However, in this public space public facilities are very simple and the number is limited. This research is structured to see the perception of visitors on the completeness of facilities in open space with the level of comfort of visitors. By using descriptive quantitative methods, this research was conducted by observing studies in public open spaces and distributing questionnaires to visitors. The results of this study are that according to visitors, they feel comfortable when in this public open space. This research can be useful for improving public open space planning in the next housing complex.

Emergence and Evolution of the Urban Public Open Spaces of Ankara within the Urban Development History: 1923 to Present

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-51
Author(s):  
Nevruz Cinar Ozdil ◽  
Henrik Vejre ◽  
Fatma Cana Bilsel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Development History ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Public open space (POS) in Ankara reflects both the negative and positive aspects of urban change. Evolving public space development strategies in Ankara played a fundamental role in the protection, promotion, and enhancement of POS from 1923 to 2017. This study shows that while the POS development of the city was addressed as an integrative and comprehensive structure in the entire city by the Lörcher (1924–1925) and Jansen (1932) plans, the subsequent approaches to POS were more superficial, piecemeal, and simplistic.

scholarly journals Creative Street Regeneration in the Context of Socio-Spatial Sustainability: A Case Study of a Traditional City Centre in Podgorica, Montenegro

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana K. Perović ◽  
Jelena Bajić Šestović
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Public Open Spaces

The physical structure of Podgorica was predominantly developed with a traditional planning concept, whereby public open spaces of the city are as important as the city’s architectural objects. The focus of this paper is the perception of a traditional street in the context of sustainable urban regeneration. The aim of this study is to submit a proposal, through the Urban Design course at the Faculty of Architecture in Podgorica, for the physical regeneration of twelve traditional streets (eight street directions) that define the central core of Podgorica, known as Mirkova Varoš. These streets are the sites of social processes, interpreters of cultural and identity values of the society, and primary keepers of collective memory. It was detected that the attractiveness of the case study streets is weakening due to inadequate social and professional engagement in the processes of preservation and regeneration over time and also due to new users’ needs. Global requirements reflect the weakened role of public open spaces as places of social interaction, in favour of primarily closed shopping centres that are the new urban artefacts of the 21st century city. The first phase of this study is related to the theoretical interpretation of regeneration and the role of public space in the context of socio-spatial sustainability. The second phase of the study is directed toward estimating the perception of the current state of the street area in Mirova Varoš, as seen by the case study area users and architecture students, using (1) visual, (2) tactile, and (3) auditory criteria. The obtained results serve as a platform for concrete urban design proposals for sustainable street regeneration that will reflect a stronger socio-spatial interaction between (1) user–place, (2) the place–city system, and (3) local processes–global flows.

THE FEATURES OF PUBLIC SPACE FORMATION WITHIN CULTURAL HERITAGE AREAS OF INFLUENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-157
Author(s):  
Matvei V. Saveliev ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Unagaeva ◽  
Irina G. Fedchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Cultural Heritage Object ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Public Open Spaces

The authors consider the problem of formation of open public spaces within areas affected by the influence of cultural heritage sites. The focus here is on the historical center of Krasnoyarsk city. Relevance of the research is determined, on the one hand, by the current trend for the formation of comfortable urban environment in public open spaces. On the other hand, by the appearance of numerous implemented projects, including those in Krasnoyarsk, which have identical functional and objective content, detached from the cultural and historical context of the environment. The analysis of the “Map of areas with special land use requirements related to the protection of cultural heritage objects” in the historic center of Krasnoyarsk revealed the following characteristic morphotypes of public open spaces (genesis types) within cultural heritage areas: territory adjacent to a single cultural heritage object (protection zone of a cultural heritage object), which is part of the street; territory adjacent to a single cultural heritage object (protection zone of a cultural heritage object), which is inside the development area (yard, courtyard garden, manor house); a street formed by the facades of several cultural heritage objects on one or both sides; a square or a garden square, which is part of the architectural ensemble – an object of cultural heritage; the territory of the quarter formed by a group of cultural heritage objects, and which is a cultural heritage protection zone; a park or square within the protected historic green space. Each type is analyzed using examples, survey of protection zones of cultural heritage, the established urban planning regulations within their boundaries regarding the availability of requirements for the improvement of public open spaces. The authors touch upon the problems of landmark attractions, preservation of identity in the historical and cultural environment of the settlement. They also formulate the principles of public open space formation within influence areas of cultural heritage objects on the basis of various methodological approaches approved by the Department of Urban Planning within the School of Architecture and Design of the Siberian Federal University.

Estimating public space metrics from nineteenth-century urban cartography: Barcelona’s Cerdà Plan of urban expansion

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832098756
Author(s):  
Albert Santasusagna Riu ◽  
Joan Tort Donada ◽  
Maria Teresa Vadrí Fortuny ◽  
Valerià Paül Carril
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
New City ◽  
Urban Data ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Urban cartography enables us to trace the historical and spatial evolution of human settlements, but it also furnishes us with the opportunity to obtain and analyse urban data from the perspective of the present day. Urban plans drafted for the reform and expansion of a city can provide us with valuable urban information about the planned use of new public space. In Western Europe, the historical cartography of Barcelona (Spain) maps the city’s mid-nineteenth century urban expansion project designed to fulfil egalitarian, social and hygienist goals. Here, using geographic information system tools, we digitize Barcelona’s cartography so as to create an urban dataset based on the city’s urban plans – the Cerdà Plans (1859 and 1863) – and to estimate its public space typology. Social centres, hospitals, green spaces, residential areas and communication infrastructures are identified and metrised, and urban public open spaces are analysed using various urban indicators. The urban data thus obtained represent a notable advance on attempts to quantify Cerdà’s original project. The importance attached to public space (>75%) and to both communication infrastructure and urban public open spaces is indicative of the desire to create a new city and to break with the values of old Barcelona. In short, the data obtained serve to undertake a detailed comparison with the present-day reality of Barcelona.

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