scholarly journals Formaldehyde Emission in Micron-Sized Wollastonite-Treated Plywood Bonded with Soy Flour and Urea-Formaldehyde Resin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Taghiyari ◽  
Seyed Behzad Hosseini ◽  
Saman Ghahri ◽  
Mohammad Ghofrani ◽  
Antonios N. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Different Content

Soy flour was partly substituted for urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin with different content to investigate its effect on formaldehyde emission in three-layer plywood panels. In each square meter of panels, 300 g of resin was used (wet weight basis of resin). Micron-sized wollastonite was added to the resin mixture at 5% and 10% consumption levels (wet weight basis of resin) to determine its potential effects as a reinforcing filler to mitigate the negative effects of addition of soy flour. Results showed a decreasing trend in formaldehyde emission as soy flour content increased to 20%. The highest shear-strength values were observed in panels with 10% and 15% soy flour content. The addition of wollastonite did not have a significant effect on formaldehyde emission, but it decreased the shear strength in soy-treated panels, although the values were still higher than those of control panels. Wollastonite significantly mitigated the negative effects of soy flour on the water absorption and thickness swelling of panels. It was concluded that 10% of soy flour and 5% of wollastonite provided the lowest formaldehyde emission and the most optimum physical and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals THE SOY FLOUR AS AN EXTENDER FOR UF AND MUF ADHESIVES IN BIRCH PLYWOOD PRODUCTION

Wood Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1031
Author(s):  
JAKUB KAWALERCZYK ◽  
JOANNA SIUDA ◽  
DOROTA DZIURKA ◽  
RADOSŁAW MIRSKI ◽  
MAGDALENA WOŹNIAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Gel Time ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Muf Adhesives

Formaldehyde emission still remains a major disadvantage of widely applied formaldehyde-containing amino resins such as UF (urea-formaldehyde) resin and MUF (melamine-urea-formaldehyde) resin. The compositions of adhesives for plywood manufacturing have to contain a proper extenders in order to adjust their viscosity. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of protein-rich soy flour (SF) as the extender for adhesives. The composition of flours and their ability to absorb the formaldehyde were determined. Properties of liquid resins such as gel time, viscosity, pH and solid content were investigated. The possible chemical interaction between the extenders and resins were assessed with the use of FTIR spectroscopy. Plywood panels manufactured using UF and MUF adhesives with the soy flour introduced as the extender in various concentrations were tested in terms of shear strength and formaldehyde release. Studies have shown that soy flour has a favorable composition and formaldehyde-scavenging ability. The addition of SF affected resins properties such as viscosity and gel time but showed no influence on their pH and solid content. FTIR analysis has not explained the chemical interaction between resin and extender. The application of soy flour in the concentration of 15% for UF resin and 10% for MUF resin allowed to produce plywood characterized by improved bonding quality and decreased formaldehyde emission.

scholarly journals Urea Formaldehyde Resin Resultant Plywood with Rapid Formaldehyde Release Modified by Tunnel-Structured Sepiolite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Gao ◽  
Xia ◽  
Li ◽  
Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Tunnel Structure ◽  
Formaldehyde Release ◽  
Uf Resin ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of plywood and save edible resources (wheat flour), a cheap and resourceful clay, sepiolite, was used to modify urea formaldehyde (UF) resin. The performances of filler-filled UF resins were characterized by measuring the thermal behavior, cross section, and functional groups. Results showed that cured UF resin with SEP (sepiolite) formed a toughened fracture surface, and the wet shear strength of the resultant plywood was maximum improved by 31.4%. The tunnel structure of SEP was beneficial to the releasing of formaldehyde, as a result, the formaldehyde emission of the plywood bonded by UF resin with SEP declined by 43.7% compared to that without SEP. This study provided a new idea to reduce the formaldehyde emission, i.e. accelerating formaldehyde release before the product is put into use.

scholarly journals Decreasing Formaldehyde Emission from Particleboard Panels Fabricated by Adding Newly Phenolic Compounds as a Scavenger to Urea Formaldehyde Resin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
behzad kord ◽  
Farnaz Movahedi ◽  
Laleh Adlnasab ◽  
Nadir Ayrilmis
Keyword(s):  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Chromotropic Acid ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Alizarin Yellow ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Abstract This study focused on the influence of some novel scavengers on the physical, mechanical, and formaldehyde emission of particleboard produced with urea-formaldehyde resin. Three different scavengers, alizarin red sulfonate, alizarin yellow-GG, and chromotropic acid, were incorporated to the UF resin at 1, 3, 5, and 7% (by weight) loading levels based on the oven-dried weight of the resin. Other manufacturing parameters were kept constant in the producrion of particleboards. The results indicated that the formaldehyde emission of the particleboards significantly reduced with increasing amount of the scavengers. The lowest formaldehyde emission was found in the specimens containing alizarin red sulfonate (0.38 mg/l), followed by chromotropic acid (0.43 mg/l), and alizarin yellow-GG (0.49 mg/l), respectively, at 7 wt% loading level of the scavengers. Although the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards decreased with the increasing content of the scavengers, they met the requirements of particleboards for interior fitments (including furniture) for use in dry conditions (P2 grade) of EN 312 standard. According to the results of technological properties and formaldehyde emission of the particleboards, it can be said that alizarin red sulfonate is the best scavenger among the investigated scavengers.

scholarly journals Cellulose sludge and wood bark as formaldehyde scavengers for plywood bonded with urea formaldehyde resin

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Смидракова ◽  
Mariya Smidrakova ◽  
Седлячик ◽  
Yan Sedlyachek
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Wood Bark

The aim of the research was to modify urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) by cellulose sludge and wood bark in order to reduce formaldehyde emission. Wood bark powder was a mixture containing 50 % of beech bark and 50 % of spruce bark. Release of formaldehyde and shear strength of the adhesive joints was tested on five resp. three-layer alder plywood. Formaldehyde emission was determined by 24-hour desiccator method and monitored during seven weeks after gluing. After 7 weeks of the experiment the reference UF adhesive showed formaldehyde emission decreased by 39 %.

Preparation of Water-Resistance Plywood with UF Resin Modified by Emulsifiable Polyisocyanate

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1056-1060
Author(s):  
Li Bin Zhu ◽  
Bo Han ◽  
Ji You Gu ◽  
Yan Hua Zhang ◽  
Hai Yan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uf Resin

The purpose of the study was to manufacture water-resistance plywood with using UF resin modified by emulsifiable polyisocyanate. The emulsifiable polyisocyanate which contains plenty of hydrophilic segments and teminal isocyanate groups were synthesized by reaction between various kinds of polyether polyols and polymeric methane dipthenyl diisocyanate (pMDI). A type of composite adhesive was obtained from the mixture of emulsifiable polyisocyanate and urea formaldehyde resin. The process parameters, such as the molar ratio of –NCO and –OH, mass fraction of emulsifiable polyisocyanate in UF resin and accessory ingredient have a great influence on the composite adhesive. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) had been used to analyze the chemical structure of bonding interface. The results showed that the composite adhesive consisting of UF resin and emulsifiable polyisocyanate content of 7.5% and kaolin content of 1.5% was used in plywood with high physical and mechanical properties, water resistance and low formaldehyde emission.

scholarly journals Effects of the thickness of rotary-cut veneers on properties of plywood sheets. Part 2. Physical and mechanical properties of plywood materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
J. Hrázský ◽  
P. Král
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Nominal Thickness

The second part of the paper summarizes results of an institutional research aimed at the determination of physical and mechanical properties of different sets of plywood sheets pressed under different conditions. The first part dealt with the determination of compressibility or values of decreasing the thickness of pressed plywood sheets. In this second part, results are summarized of the analysis of physical and mechanical properties of the set of whole-beech plywood sheets of the nominal thickness of veneers amounting to 1.5 mm. The plywood sheets were manufactured as seven-ply and urea-formaldehyde resin DUKOL S was used for their production. The sheets were pressed using a pressure of 1.5 and 1.7 MPa. Following parameters were analyzed: moisture, density, bending strength, MOE in bending and shear strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Embedment of MWCNTs for Enhancement of Physical and Mechanical Performance of Medium Density Fiberboard

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Waheed Gul ◽  
Hussein Alrobei ◽  
Syed Riaz Akbar Shah ◽  
Afzal Khan ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Medium Density

In this research work effect of embedment of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the physical and mechanical properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF) have been investigated. The MWCNTs were embedded in urea formaldehyde resin (UF) at 0, 1.5%, 3% and 5% concentrations by weight for the manufacturing of nano-MDF. The addition of these nanoparticles enhanced thermal conductivity by 24.2% reduced curing time by 20% and controlled formaldehyde emission by 59.4%. The internal bonding (I.B), modulus elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), thickness swelling (Ts) and water absorption (WA) properties were improved significantly by 21.15%, 30.2%, 28.3%, 44.8% and 29% respectively as compared to controlled MDF.

scholarly journals Low viscosity melamine urea formaldehyde resin as a bulking agent in reducing formaldehyde emission of treated wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2195-2211
Author(s):  
Rabiatol Adawiah Mohd Ali ◽  
Zaidon Ashaari ◽  
Seng Hua Lee ◽  
Mohd Khairun Anwar Uyup ◽  
Edi Suhaimi Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Resin Impregnation

Melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin impregnation followed by heat compression is a prominent method in improving mechanical properties and dimensional stability of wood. In addition, melamine is reactive to formaldehyde, and therefore able to reduce the free formaldehyde of the treated wood. This study aimed to produce compressed sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) wood with low formaldehyde emission using low viscosity MUF resin. The effects of treatment efficiency on the physical and mechanical properties of the wood products were evaluated. The experimental design included impregnation of sesenduk strips with 20% and 30% MUF at five different formulations. Then, it was pre-cured at a temperature of 70 °C for 90 min, followed by hot compression at 140 °C with the compression ratio of 80%. The optimum treatment combination was determined through treatability, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, and formaldehyde emission. It was also compared to other treatments, including impregnation without further compression using formulated MUF and commercial MUF. The results revealed that F4 MUF, which consisted of 30% melamine, 50% formaldehyde, and 20% urea, was the optimal MUF formulation that resulted in low formaldehyde emission and acceptable physical and mechanical properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document