scholarly journals Mitigation of NaCl Stress in Wheat by Rhizosphere Engineering Using Salt Habitat Adapted PGPR Halotolerant Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1034
Author(s):  
Souhila Kerbab ◽  
Allaoua Silini ◽  
Ali Chenari Bouket ◽  
Hafsa Cherif-Silini ◽  
Manal Eshelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

There is a great interest in mitigating soil salinity that limits plant growth and productivity. In this study, eighty-nine strains were isolated from the rhizosphere and endosphere of two halophyte species (Suaeda mollis and Salsola tetrandra) collected from three chotts in Algeria. They were screened for diverse plant growth-promoting traits, antifungal activity and tolerance to different physico-chemical conditions (pH, PEG, and NaCl) to evaluate their efficiency in mitigating salt stress and enhancing the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and durum wheat under NaCl–stress conditions. Three bacterial strains BR5, OR15, and RB13 were finally selected and identified as Bacillus atropheus. The Bacterial strains (separately and combined) were then used for inoculating Arabidopsis thaliana and durum wheat during the seed germination stage under NaCl stress conditions. Results indicated that inoculation of both plant spp. with the bacterial strains separately or combined considerably improved the growth parameters. Three soils with different salinity levels (S1 = 0.48, S2 = 3.81, and S3 = 2.80 mS/cm) were used to investigate the effects of selected strains (BR5, OR15, and RB13; separately and combined) on several growth parameters of wheat plants. The inoculation (notably the multi-strain consortium) proved a better approach to increase the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents as compared to control plants. However, proline content, lipid peroxidation, and activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased after inoculation with the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that can attenuate the adverse effects of salt stress by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These results indicated that under saline soil conditions, halotolerant PGPR strains are promising candidates as biofertilizers under salt stress conditions.

scholarly journals Plant growth promotion of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by potassium solubilizing bacteria with multifarious plant growth promoting attributes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Tanvir Kaur ◽  
Rubee Devi ◽  
Divjot Kour ◽  
Ashok Yadav ◽  
Ajar Nath Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Potassium (K) is the foremost macronutrients for growth of plant, soil health and fertility. The huge application of NPK chemical fertilizers negatively impacts the economy and is a threat to environmental sustainability. The rapid depletion of K mineral in soil is due to the application of agrochemicals agricultural fields for the production of crops in India. In present investigation, K-solubilizing microbes (KSM) were isolated and enumerated from cereal crops growing in Sirmour Himachal Pradesh. A total 125 bacteria were isolated and screened for K- solubilization on Aleksandrov agar plates and found that 31 bacterial strains exhibited K-solubilization. These 31 K-solubilizing strains of bacteria were additionally screened for other plant growth promoting (PGP) potential including solubilization of minerals, production of siderophores, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and indole acetic acids. The performance of an efficient K-solubilizer was evaluated for plant growth promoting ability in pot assay under in vitro conditions. The strain EU-LWNA-25 positively influenced shoot length, fresh weight, carotenoids and total sugar content than the full dose, half dose and control. The strain enhancing physiological and growth parameters was identified by BLASTn analysis as Pseudomonas gessardii EU-LWNA-25. K-solubilizing plant growth promoting bacteria could be suitable bioinoculants for Rabi seasonal crops and overcomes the challenges of sustainable agriculture in K-deficient soil.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria JZ-GX1 Enhanced the Tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia to Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu-Sheng Li ◽  
Wei-Liang Kong ◽  
Xiao-Qin Wu ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that affects plant growth and development. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria to mitigcate salt stress damage in plants is an important way to promote crop growth under salt stress conditions. Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain, but it is not clear whether it can improve the salt tolerance of plants, and in particular, the role of volatile substances in plant salt tolerance is unknown. We investigated the effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from JZ-GX1 on the growth performance, osmotic substances, ionic balance and antioxidant enzyme activities of acacia seedlings treated with 0 and 100mm NaCl and explored the VOCs associated with the JZ-GX1 strain. The results showed that compared to untreated seedlings, seedlings exposed to plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium JZ-GX1 via direct contact with plant roots under salt stress conditions exhibited increases in fresh weight, lateral root number and primary root length equal to approximately 155.1, 95.4, and 71.3%, respectively. Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings exposed to VOCs of the JZ-GX1 strain showed increases in biomass, soil and plant analyser development values and lateral root numbers equal to 132.1, 101.6, and 166.7%, respectively. Additionally, decreases in malondialdehyde, superoxide anion (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents and increases in proline contents and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were observed in acacia leaves. Importantly, the sodium-potassium ratios in the roots, stems, and leaves of acacia exposed to VOCs of the JZ-GX1 strain were significantly lower than those in the control samples, and this change in ion homeostasis was consistent with the upregulated expression of the (Na+, K+)/H+ reverse cotransporter RpNHX1 in plant roots. Through GC-MS and creatine chromatography, we also found that 2,3-butanediol in the volatile gases of the JZ-GX1 strain was one of the important signaling substances for improving the salt tolerance of plants. The results showed that R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 can promote the growth and yield of R. pseudoacacia under normal and salt stress conditions. JZ-GX1 VOCs have good potential as protectants for improving the salt tolerance of plants, opening a window of opportunity for their application in salinized soils.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting desert plant Bacillus endophytic strains for their potential to enhance plant stress tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameerah Bokhari ◽  
Magbubah Essack ◽  
Feras F. Lafi ◽  
Cristina Andres-Barrao ◽  
Rewaa Jalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Desert Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractPlant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are known to increase plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses, specifically those from dry and salty environments. In this study, we examined the endophyte bacterial community of five plant species growing in the Thar desert of Pakistan. Among a total of 368 culturable isolates, 58 Bacillus strains were identified from which the 16 most divergent strains were characterized for salt and heat stress resilience as well as antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities. When the 16 Bacillus strains were tested on the non-host plant Arabidopsis thaliana, B. cereus PK6-15, B. subtilis PK5-26 and B. circulans PK3-109 significantly enhanced plant growth under salt stress conditions, doubling fresh weight levels when compared to uninoculated plants. B. circulans PK3-15 and PK3-109 did not promote plant growth under normal conditions, but increased plant fresh weight by more than 50% when compared to uninoculated plants under salt stress conditions, suggesting that these salt tolerant Bacillus strains exhibit PGP traits only in the presence of salt. Our data indicate that the collection of 58 plant endophytic Bacillus strains represents an important genomic resource to decipher plant growth promotion at the molecular level.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Different Salt-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Isolates in Mitigating the Induced Adverse Effect of Salinity in Pisum sativum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13141-13154
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Tolerant Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Due to climate change, salinity has become a limiting factor for many leguminous crops. Therefore, we have explored the comparative study of salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the promotion of plant growth. These PGPR (Bacillus subtilis RhStr_71, Bacillus safensis RhStr_223, and Bacillus cereus RhStr_JH5) were in vitro screened for plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits such as IAA, P-solubilization, siderophore, and ammonia production. They were further selected to evaluate the maximum NaCl tolerant level (MTL). Selected salt-tolerant PGP bacteria were further characterized to evaluate their PGP activity on seedlings of Pisum sativum under 1% NaCl stress. They were further selected to perform the greenhouse experiments under 1% NaCl stress to compare these isolates on morphological (like plant height and weight) and biochemical parameters(such as carbohydrate, reducing sugar, protein, phenol, flavonoids, chlorophylls, and carotenoids). In a pot experiment, NaCl significantly reduced the plant growth parameters compared to un-inoculated and inoculated. Additional analysis also had shown that these strains also enhanced the antioxidant enzymes, thereby preventing oxidative damage caused due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). The result revealed that these salt-tolerant PGP bacteria exert their beneficial effects on plant growth and play a necessary role in attenuating the salinity stress in agriculture.

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus improve the growth of sorghum seedings in a low-nutrient soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enriqueta Amora-Lazcano ◽  
Héctor J. Quiroz-González ◽  
Cristofer I. Osornio-Ortega ◽  
Juan A. Cruz-Maya ◽  
Janet Jan-Roblero
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Bioassay ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Background: Deficiency in sorghum growth in ecosystems of low-nutrient soils has been scarcely studied. This soil deficiency can be overcome by the addition of plant growth-promoting bacteria which increase sorghum growth. Questions and/or Hypotheses: indole acetic acid (IAA) producing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria can promote sorghum growth under nutritional stress. Studied species: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Study site and dates: Mexico City, 2018. Methods: Of the twelve bacterial strains utilized, three produce IAA (group BI), two strains produce IAA and siderophores (BIS group), four strains produce IAA and solubilize phosphate (BIP group), and three strains produce IAA, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophores (BIPS group). Hydroponic bioassays and low-nutrient soil bioassay were used. Results: In hydroponic bioassays, for BI and BIS groups, five strains significantly increased the growth parameters with respect to the control, and for the BIP and BIPS groups, two strains promoted stem development and shoot dry weight. In a low-nutrient soil bioassay, Pseudomonas sp. BI-1 (from BI group) was the one that presented the highest percentages 32, 48, 140 and 79 % in stem diameter, height and dry weight of the shoot and dry weight of the root, respectively, followed by the P. mohnii BIPS-10 strain (from BIPS group) that exhibited similar results. Conclusions: IAA producing Pseudomonas strains improve the sorghum growth in a low-nutrient soil and suggest thatPseudomonas sp. BI-1 and P. mohnii BIPS-10 could be used as potential bioinoculants for sorghum.

Effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial treatment on growth and physiological characteristics of Triticum aestivum L. under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Gun Lee ◽  
Ji Min Lee ◽  
Chang Geun Choi ◽  
Hojoung Lee ◽  
Jun Cheol Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractSalinity stress is a serious abiotic stress that affects crop quality and production. Rhizospheric microbes have immense potential in synthesizing and releasing various compounds that regulate plant growth and soil physicochemical properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing rhizobacteria as biofertilizers under salt stress. Among the isolated strains from various soil samples, Bacillus megaterium strain PN89 with multifarious plant growth-promoting traits was selected and used as a monoculture and co-culture with two other standard strains. The plant promoting activity was evaluated using the paper towel method and pot test to observe the effects on the early stage and vegetative growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The treatment using PGPR strain presented noticeable but varying effects on plant growth under salt stress, that is, PGPR treatment often displayed a significant increase in germination percentage, root and shoot length, and other growth parameters of wheat compared to those in the non-inoculated control. Thus, these results suggest that B. megaterium PN89 can be applied as a bio-fertilizer to alleviate salt stress in T. aestivum.

scholarly journals Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Inoculated with Non-Native Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Michel Ouyabe ◽  
Kenji Irie ◽  
Naoto Tanaka ◽  
Hidehiko Kikuno ◽  
Babil Pachakkil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

A deep-rooting upland rice variety (Kinandang Patong) was evaluated for its growth response to bio-fertilization at early stages. Five non-native plant growth-promoting bacteria previously isolated from yams (Dioscorea spp.) were inoculated to upland rice under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Effects of the inoculation varied depending on bacterial strains and growing conditions. Growth of 14-day rice seedlings was improved by all tested bacterial strains. Under growth chamber, the strain S-333 increased plant length, shoot dry weight and nitrogen content as compared to the control, but total dry weight, nitrogen uptake, leaf chlorophyll content and number of tillers were higher with N fertilizer application. Under greenhouse conditions, most rice growth parameters were improved by inoculation with the strain S-7. The correlations between the bacterial plant-growth-promoting traits and rice growth parameters under growth chamber conditions were all negative for phosphate solubilization indexes. Our results suggest that bacterial inoculation can replace half (S-343 and S-611) of or the full (S-7) rate of chemical N fertilizer required, depending on bacterial strains and growing environments, although δ15N value in control plants was lower than in inoculated plants under growth chamber conditions, suggesting that the bacteria improve rice growth through mechanisms other than biological nitrogen fixation.

scholarly journals Halotolerant Rhizobacterial Strains Mitigate the Adverse Effects of NaCl Stress in Soybean Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aaqil Khan ◽  
Sajjad Asaf ◽  
Abdul Latif Khan ◽  
Arjun Adhikari ◽  
Rahmatullah Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Oenothera Biennis ◽  
Artemisia Princeps ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

Background. Salinity is one of the major abiotic constraints that hinder health and quality of crops. Conversely, halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizospheric (PGPR) bacteria are considered biologically safe for alleviating salinity stress. Results. We isolated halotolerant PGPR strains from the rhizospheric soil of Artemisia princeps, Chenopodium ficifolium, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Oenothera biennis plants; overall, 126 strains were isolated. The plant growth-promoting traits of these isolates were studied by inoculating them with the soil used to grow soybean plants under normal and salt stress (NaCl; 200 mM) conditions. The isolates identified as positive for growth-promoting activities were subjected to molecular identification. Out of 126 isolates, five strains—Arthrobacter woluwensis (AK1), Microbacterium oxydans (AK2), Arthrobacter aurescens (AK3), Bacillus megaterium (AK4), and Bacillus aryabhattai (AK5)—were identified to be highly tolerant to salt stress and demonstrated several plant growth-promoting traits like increased production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and siderophores and increased phosphate solubilization. These strains were inoculated in the soil of soybean plants grown under salt stress (NaCl; 200 mM) and various physiological and morphological parameters of plants were studied. The results showed that the microbial inoculation elevated the antioxidant (SOD and GSH) level and K+ uptake and reduced the Na+ ion concentration. Moreover, inoculation of these microbes significantly lowered the ABA level and increased plant growth attributes and chlorophyll content in soybean plants under 200 mM NaCl stress. The salt-tolerant gene GmST1 was highly expressed with the highest expression of 42.85% in AK1-treated plants, whereas the lowest expression observed was 13.46% in AK5-treated plants. Similarly, expression of the IAA regulating gene GmLAX3 was highly depleted in salt-stressed plants by 38.92%, which was upregulated from 11.26% to 43.13% upon inoculation with the microorganism. Conclusion. Our results showed that the salt stress-resistant microorganism used in these experiments could be a potential biofertilizer to mitigate the detrimental effects of salt stress in plants via regulation of phytohormones and gene expression.

scholarly journals Protection Against Pathogen and Salt Stress by Four Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Isolated from Pinus sp. on Arabidopsis thaliana

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 666-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Barriuso ◽  
B. Ramos Solano ◽  
F. J. Gutiérrez Mañero
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Dependent Pathway

The ability of four plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, isolated in a previous study, to induce systemic resistance on Arabidopsis thaliana Col 0 against biotic and abiotic stress was evaluated. All the bacteria enhanced protection against the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 and increased plant tolerance to salt stress (NaCl 60 mM). Bacillus sp. strain L81 and Arthrobacter oxidans strain BB1 performed best with a decrease in the disease index of 61.2 and 52.3%, respectively, and a reduction in the mortality due to salt stress of 72.4 and 57.8%, respectively. Additionally, significant differences were found in growth and photosynthesis, again, L81 and BB1 performed best either in normal or under stress conditions. In order to elucidate the pathway elicited by these two strains to induce systemic resistance, experiments with the transgenic line of Arabidopsis thaliana NahG (defective in salicylic acid [SA]) and with the jar1 mutant (defective in jasmonic acid) were carried out. Results showed that the SA-dependent pathway was involved in the defense response induced by strains L81 and BB1. Results from quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the PR1 gene, related to the SA-dependent pathway and the PDF1.2 gene related to the SA-independent pathway, showed an increased expression of PR1 in BB1-treated plants, confirming involvement of the SA-dependent pathway in the defensive response.

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