On the Development of Thermochemical Hydrogen Storage: An Experimental Study of the Kinetics of the Redox Reactions under Different Operating Conditions

This work aims at investigating the reduction/oxidation (redox) reaction kinetics on iron oxide pellets under different operating conditions of thermochemical hydrogen storage. In order to reduce the iron oxide pellets (90% Fe2O3, 10% stabilizing cement), hydrogen (H2) is applied in different concentrations with nitrogen (N2), as a carrier gas, at temperatures between between 700 ∘C and 900 ∘C, thus simulating the charging phase. The discharge phase is triggered by the flow of a mixture out of steam (H2O) and N2 at different concentrations in the same temperature range, resulting in the oxidizing of the previously reduced pellets. All investigations were carried out in a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) with a flow rate of 250mL/min. To describe the obtained kinetic results, a simplified analytical model, based on the linear driving force model, was developed. The investigated iron oxide pellets showed a stable redox performance of 23.8% weight reduction/gain, which corresponds to a volumetric storage density of 2.8kWh/(L bulk), also after the 29 performed redox cycles. Recalling that there is no H2 stored during the storage phase but iron, the introduced hydrogen storage technology is deemed very promising for applications in urban areas as day-night or seasonal storage for green hydrogen.

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Hydrogen Storage and Release by Redox Reaction of Iron Oxide Medium with Mo and Zr Additives

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3317 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 347-353 ◽

pp. 3317-3320 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Young Ho Kim ◽

Han Sol Je ◽

Eun Jee Kang ◽

Su Gyung Lee ◽

Chu Sik Park

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Hydrogen Storage ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Redox Reaction ◽

Hydrogen Reduction ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Urea Solution ◽

Redox Cycles ◽

Chemical Hydrogen Storage ◽

Theoretical Amount

Chemical hydrogen storage and release of iron-based oxide mediums were investigated by hydrogen reduction and water splitting oxidation (Fe3O4 + 4H2 ⇌ 3Fe + 4H2O). In this study, all metal oxide mediums were prepared by coprecipitation method using urea solution as precipitant. The redox reactions of the mediums were conducted using a fixed bed quartz reactor under atmospheric pressure. The theoretical amount of hydrogen storage that can be obtained from the redox reaction of iron oxide is calculated to be 4.8wt% on the basis of 1g-Fe. However, in case of using the iron oxide medium without additives, the medium was rapidly deactivated due to the agglomeration of Fe metals in the hydrogen reduction step of repeated redox cycles. In this study, therefore, Mo and Zr additives were added to iron oxide to improve the reactivity of the medium and to prevent the agglomeration of that. As a result, the reactivity for oxidation of the mediums was largely improved with the addition of Mo additive. It was concluded that change in the valence of Mo cations affected the redox behavior of the mediums.

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Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Systems and the Relevance of a Gender Perspective

10.20944/preprints202106.0617.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erika Michela Dematteis ◽

Jussara Barale ◽

Marta Corno ◽

Alessandro Sciullo ◽

Marcello Baricco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Hydrogen Storage ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Hydrogen Sorption ◽

Enthalpy Of Reaction ◽

Gender Perspective ◽

The Social ◽

The Impact ◽

Kinetics Of

This paper aims at addressing the exploitation of solid-state carriers for hydrogen storage, with attention paid both to the technical aspects, through a wide review of the available integrated systems, and to the social aspects, through a preliminary overview of the connected impacts from a gender perspective. As for the technical perspective, carriers to be used for solid-state hydrogen storage for various applications can be classified into two classes: metal and complex hydrides. Related crystal structures and corresponding hydrogen sorption properties are reviewed and discussed. Fundamentals of thermodynamics of hydrogen sorption evidences the key role of the enthalpy of reaction, which determines the operating conditions (i.e. temperatures and pressures). In addition, it rules the heat to be removed from the tank during hydrogen absorption and to be delivered to the tank during hydrogen desorption. Suitable values for the enthalpy of hydrogen sorption reaction for operating conditions close to ambient (i.e. room temperature and 1-10 bar of hydrogen) are close to 30 kJ·molH2 1. The kinetics of hydrogen sorption reaction is strongly related to the microstructure and to the morphology (i.e. loose powder or pellets) of the carriers. Usually, kinetics of hydrogen sorption reaction is rather fast, and the thermal management of the tank is the rate determining step of the processes. As for the social perspective, various scenarios for the applications in different socio-economic contexts of solid-state hydrogen storage technologies are described. As it occurs with the exploitation of other renewables innovative technologies, a wide consideration of the social factors connected to these processes is needed to assess the extent to which a specific innovation might produce positive or negative impacts in the recipient socio-economic system and to explore the potential role of the social components and dynamics in fostering the diffusion of the innovation itself. Attention has been addressed to the gender perspective, in view of the enhancement of hydrogen-related energy storage systems, intended both in terms of the role of women in triggering the exploitation of hydrogen-based storage as well as to the impact of this innovation in their current conditions, at work and in daily life.

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Reaction Kinetics of Fe2O3 and BaCO3 to Prepare Ba2Fe2O5

High Temperature Materials and Processes ◽

10.1515/htmp-2013-0057 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 319-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun-Hao Liu ◽

Guo-Hua Zhang ◽

Kuo-Chih Chou

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Activation Energy ◽

Global Warming ◽

Reaction Kinetics ◽

Isothermal Condition ◽

Product Layer ◽

Thermo Gravimetric ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽

Kinetics Of

AbstractCarbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and substantially affects the global warming and climate change, so study on the adsorption of carbon dioxide is very urgent. As a new CO2 captor, Ba2Fe2O5 was prepared by the solid state reaction of Fe2O3 with BaCO3, following formula Fe2O3 + 2BaCO3 = Ba2Fe2O5 + 2CO2. The reaction kinetics in isothermal condition was investigated by using the method of thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA). It was found that the reaction of Fe2O3 with BaCO3 was controlled by the diffusion step in the product layer, and the kinetics process could be described by the RPP model (Real Physical Picture) with the apparent activation energy extracted to be 161.122 kJ/mol.

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Oxidation Behavior of Zr-based Amorphous Alloys at 400˚- 450˚C in Air

Jurnal Pena Sains ◽

10.21107/jps.v6i1.5232 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Triwikantoro Triwikantoro ◽

Romdhoni Graha Pribadi ◽

Fatimatul Munawaroh

Keyword(s):

Crystallization Temperature ◽

Amorphous Alloys ◽

Oxidation Behavior ◽

Intermetallic Phase ◽

Isothermal Oxidation ◽

Thermo Gravimetric ◽

Parabolic Law ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Dominant Phase

The study of oxidation behavior of amorphous alloys based on Zirconium with 2 variations in composition was carried out: Zr64.5Cu17Ni11Al7.5 and Zr69.5Cu12Ni11Al7.5 at temperatures of 400 - 450˚C in air. Amorphous Zr-based alloys were thermally characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) to determine the crystallization temperature and glass transition temperature. The oxidation characterization was carried out using a Thermo gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) at temperatures of 400, 425, and 450˚C for 4 hours in air. The phase analysis of the oxidation product was identified using X-Ray Diffaction (XRD). Based on DSC data the crystallization temperature for Zr64.5Cu17Ni11Al7.5 and Zr69.5Cu12Ni11Al7.5 is 426 and 442˚C respectively. The oxidation kinetics of the two alloys follow parabolic law and the oxidation rate increases with the addition of temperature. Oxides formed during isothermal oxidation in the Zr64.5Cu17Ni11Al7.5 and Zr69.5Cu12Ni11Al7.5 alloys are t-ZrO2 (tetragonal) as the dominant phase and ZrO2 (monoclinic) and CuO as the minor phase. The intermetallic phase is also formed in both samples, t-Zr2Ni and Zr2Cu.

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Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Systems and the Relevance of a Gender Perspective

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14196158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 6158

Author(s):

Erika Michela Dematteis ◽

Jussara Barale ◽

Marta Corno ◽

Alessandro Sciullo ◽

Marcello Baricco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Hydrogen Storage ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Hydrogen Sorption ◽

Enthalpy Of Reaction ◽

Gender Perspective ◽

The Social ◽

Kinetics Of

This paper aims at addressing the exploitation of solid-state carriers for hydrogen storage, with attention paid both to the technical aspects, through a wide review of the available integrated systems, and to the social aspects, through a preliminary overview of the connected impacts from a gender perspective. As for the technical perspective, carriers to be used for solid-state hydrogen storage for various applications can be classified into two classes: metal and complex hydrides. Related crystal structures and corresponding hydrogen sorption properties are reviewed and discussed. Fundamentals of thermodynamics of hydrogen sorption evidence the key role of the enthalpy of reaction, which determines the operating conditions (i.e., temperatures and pressures). In addition, it rules the heat to be removed from the tank during hydrogen absorption and to be delivered to the tank during hydrogen desorption. Suitable values for the enthalpy of hydrogen sorption reaction for operating conditions close to ambient (i.e., room temperature and 1–10 bar of hydrogen) are close to 30 kJ·molH2−1. The kinetics of the hydrogen sorption reaction is strongly related to the microstructure and to the morphology (i.e., loose powder or pellets) of the carriers. Usually, the kinetics of the hydrogen sorption reaction is rather fast, and the thermal management of the tank is the rate-determining step of the processes. As for the social perspective, the paper arguments that, as it occurs with the exploitation of other renewable innovative technologies, a wide consideration of the social factors connected to these processes is needed to reach a twofold objective: To assess the extent to which a specific innovation might produce positive or negative impacts in the recipient socioeconomic system and, from a sociotechnical perspective, to explore the potential role of the social components and dynamics in fostering the diffusion of the innovation itself. Within the social domain, attention has been paid to address the underexplored relationship between the gender perspective and the enhancement of hydrogen-related energy storage systems. This relationship is taken into account both in terms of the role of women in triggering the exploitation of hydrogen-based storage playing as experimenter and promoter, and in terms of the intertwined impact of this innovation in their current conditions, at work, and in daily life.

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