Sustainable Modularity Approach to Facilities Development Based on Geothermal Energy Potential

The study presented in this paper assessed the multidisciplinary approach of geothermal potential in the area of the most southeastern part of the Pannonian basin, focused on resources utilization. This study aims to present a method for the cascade use of geothermal energy as a source of thermal energy for space heating and cooling and as a resource for balneological purposes. Two particular sites were selected—one in a natural environment; the other within a small settlement. Geothermal resources come from different types of reservoirs having different temperatures and chemical compositions. At the first site, a geothermal spring with a temperature of 20.5 °C is considered for heat pump utilization, while at the second site, a geothermal well with a temperature of 54 °C is suitable for direct use. The calculated thermal power, which can be obtained from geothermal energy is in the range of 300 to 950 kW. The development concept was proposed with an architectural design to enable sustainable energy efficient development of wellness and spa/medical facilities that can be supported by local authorities. The resulting energy heating needs for different scenarios were 16–105 kW, which can be met in full by the use of geothermal energy.

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DIG: A New Project to De-risk Ireland’s Geothermal Energy Potential

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-12254 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brian O’Reilly ◽

Duygu Kiyan ◽

Javier Fullea ◽

Sergei Lebedev ◽

Christopher J. Bean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Thermal Structure ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

Wide Angle ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Geothermal Resources ◽

Secondary Fracture ◽

Uncertainty Estimates ◽

Passive Seismic ◽

Warm Springs

Potential deep (greater > 400 m) geothermal resources, within low to medium temperature settings remain poorly understood and largely untapped in Europe. DIG (De-risking Ireland&#8217;s Geothermal Potential) is a new academic project started in 2020, which aims to develop a better understanding of Ireland&#8217;s (all-island) low-enthalpy geothermal energy potential through the gathering, modelling and interpretation of geophysical, geological, and geochemical data.The overarching research objectives, are to (i) determine the regional geothermal gradient with uncertainty estimates across Ireland using new and existing geophysical and geochemical-petrophysical data, (ii) investigate the thermochemical crustal structure and secondary fracture porosity in Devonian/Carboniferous siliciclastic and carbonate lithologies using wide-angle seismic, gravity and available geochemical data, and (iii) identify and assess the available low-enthalpy geothermal resources at reservoir scale within the Upper Devonian Munster Basin, i.e. the Mallow warm springs region, using electromagnetic and passive seismic methods, constrained by structural geological mapping results. A new hydrochemistry programme to characterise deep reservoir water composition will add further constraints.In the island-scale strand of the project, we are using Rayleigh and Love surface waves in order to determine the seismic-velocity and thermal structure of the lithosphere, with crustal geometry. Together with the legacy surface heat flow, gravity, and newly available long-period MT data, this will place bounds on the shape of regional geotherms. Radiogenic heat production and thermal conductivity measurements for Irish rocks will be incorporated into an integrated geophysical-petrological model, within a scheme able to provide critical temperature uncertainties. Regional-scale research will exploit legacy wide-angle seismic data across the Laurentian and Avalonian geological terranes. Geochemical and petrophysical databases will guide in-house Bayesian inversion tools, to estimate probabilities on model outcomes.Local-scale research will derive subsurface electrical conductivity and velocity images from electromagnetic and passive seismic surveys from the northern margin of the Munster Basin, where the thermal waters tend to have a distinctive chemical fingerprint and a meteoric origin based on available geochemical and isotopic compositions. This local focus aims to directly image fault conduits and fluid aquifer sources at depth, within a convective/conductive region associated with warm springs. This will determine the scale of the geothermal anomaly and hence will evaluate the potential for local- and industrial-scale space heating in the survey locality.This presentation will give an overview of this new research project and will deliver preliminary multi-parameter crustal models produced by the thermodynamic inversions that fit the surface-wave and surface elevation data. The project is funded by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland under the SEAI Research, Development & Demonstration Funding Programme 2019 (grant number 19/RDD/522) and by the Geological Survey Ireland.

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The GRETA project: the contribution of near-surface geothermal energy for the energetic self-sufficiency of Alpine regions

Acque Sotterranee-Italian Journal of Groundwater ◽

10.7343/as-2017-265 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alessandro Casasso ◽

Bruno Piga ◽

Rajandrea Sethi ◽

Joerg Prestor ◽

Simona Pestotnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Primary Energy ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Geothermal Heat ◽

Geothermal Resources ◽

Near Surface ◽

Alpine Regions ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Geothermal Heat Pump ◽

Alpine Space

The Alpine regions are deeply involved in the challenge set by climate change, which is a threat for their environment and for important economic activities such as tourism. The heating and cooling of buildings account for a major share of the total primary energy consumption in Europe, and hence the energy policies should focus on this sector to achieve the greenhouse gas reduction targets set by international agreements. Geothermal heat pump is one of the least carbon-intensive technologies for the heating and cooling of buildings. It exploits the heat stored within the ground, a local renewable energy source which is widely available across the Alpine territory. Nevertheless, it has been little considered by European policies and cooperation projects. GRETA (near-surface Geothermal REsources in the Territory of the Alpine space) is a cooperation project funded by the EU INTERREG-Alpine Space program, aiming at demonstrating the potential of shallow geothermal energy and to foster its integration into energy planning instruments. It started in December 2015 and will last three years, involving 12 partners from Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, and Slovenia. In this paper, the project is presented, along with the results of the first year of work.

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Influence of Various Process Parameters on the Density of Sintered Aluminium Alloys

Acta Polytechnica ◽

10.14311/1604 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Mateusz Laska ◽

Jan Kazior

Keyword(s):

Sintered Density ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Compaction Pressure ◽

Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Green Density ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Metallurgy Industry

This paper presents the results of density measurements carried out on Alumix sintered parts. ECKA Alumix aluminium powders were used because of their wide application in the powder metallurgy industry. The compacts were produced using a wide range of compaction pressures for three different chemical compositions. The compacts were then sintered under a pure dry nitrogen atmosphere at three different temperatures. The heating and cooling rates were the same throughout the entire test. The results showed that the green density increases with compaction pressure, but that sintered density is independent of green density (compaction pressure) for each sintering temperature.

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Geothermal potential, chemical characteristic and utilization of groundwater in Serbia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-185122/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tanja Petrović Pantić ◽

Katarina Atanasković Samolov ◽

Jana Štrbački ◽

Milan Tomić

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Thermal Water ◽

Pannonian Basin ◽

Local Population ◽

Hydrochemical Facies ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Groundwater Temperature ◽

Geothermal Resources ◽

Geothermal Potential

Abstract In order to collect and unify data about all geothermal resources in Serbia, a database is formed. The database allows us to perceive the geothermal resources of Serbia and their potential for utilization. Based on the data available in the geothermal database, the estimated temperatures of reservoirs, heat power, and geothermal energy utilization were calculated. The database contains 293 objects (springs, boreholes) registered at 160 locations with groundwater temperature in the range between 20°C and 111°C. The maximum expected temperature of the reservoir is 146°C (according to the SiO2 geothermometer). Some thermal water is cooled while mixed with cold, shallow water. Geothermal resources are mostly used for balneology and recreation, and less for heating, water supply, bottling, fish and animal farms, agriculture, and technical water. 26% of all geothermal resources is used by the local population or has not been used at all. The annual utilization of geothermal energy for direct heat is 1507 TJ/yr, and the estimated capacity of geothermal energy in Serbia is 111 MWt. The results of analytical work were presented in the form of maps with a geological and hydrogeological background. Thermal waters are mostly registrated in the area of Tertiary magmatism. The three geothermal potential areas are identified: Pannonian basin-Vojvodina Province, Mačva-Srem and area from Jošanička Banja to Vranjska Banja (southern Serbia). Based on chemical analyses, four hydrochemical facies are distinguished. Thermal water mainly belongs to NaHCO3 or CaMgHCO3 hydrochemical facies, usually depending on the primary aquifer: karst, karst-fissured, intergranular or fissured.

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A Resource and Policy Driven Assessment of the Geothermal Energy Potential Across the Islands of St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Frontiers in Energy Research ◽

10.3389/fenrg.2021.546367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Randy Koon Koon ◽

Kalim Shah ◽

Masaō Ashtine ◽

Santana Lewis

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Geothermal Resource ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Geothermal Resources ◽

Caribbean Community ◽

Regulatory Processes ◽

Energy Demands ◽

Geothermal Power ◽

Base Load

The energy security of each Caribbean Community (CARICOM) member state is a key issue specifically addressed based on the energy demands of each nation. St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) has the potential to strengthen its energy sector through the exploitation of immense untapped natural geothermal resources. Currently, SVG is planning to integrate base load power through a 10 Megawatt-electric (MWe) geothermal power plant (GPP1). The paper aims to highlight a detailed resource assessment profile of the renewables across SVG and the projected benefits of the proposed 10 MWe geothermal power potential, such as the positive economic development (displacing 149,000 bbls of crude oil), and the transition to a more climate-sensitive nation (displacing an estimated 0.172 million tCO2e/year). In addition, a volumetric method (Monte Carlo simulations) has been applied to reveal that the geothermal reservoir can sustain a minimum of 31 MWe, 34 MWe and 92 MWe over the lifespan of 25–30 years, for well 1 (SVG01), well 2 (SVG02) and well 3 (SVG03) respectively. Given the findings of the assessment and simulations, several policy approaches are identified as potential means of enhancing geothermal resource development and leveraging the resource for the islands’ sustainable energy demands. These include incentivization for public-private partnerships, information certainty, regulatory processes, and strengthened institutions.

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Geothermal energy in Denmark

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin ◽

10.34194/geusb.v4.4771 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 17-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lars Henrik Nielsen ◽

Anders Mathiesen ◽

Torben Bidstrup

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Geological Survey ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Geothermal Resources ◽

Geological Models ◽

Private And Public ◽

Close Cooperation ◽

Sandstone Reservoirs

The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) has for many years been involved with research, advisory and consultancy services concerning the assessment of the geothermal energy potential in Denmark, in close cooperation with private and public partners. The Survey’s particular responsibility has been the development of geological models to describe and predict the distribution of sandstone reservoirs suitable for geothermal exploitation. Danish geothermal resources in known sandstone aquifers are estimated to be sufficient to cover household heating requirements in Denmark for more than a century (Sørensen et al. 1998).

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Prospects for the development of geothermal energy supply

Energy Systems Research ◽

10.38028/esr.2021.03.0003 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

V.A. Stennikov ◽

S. Batmunkh ◽

P.A. Sokolov

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Geothermal Waters ◽

Central Mongolia ◽

Heat Pump Unit

The paper addresses methodological and technological issues of building environmentally friendly and efficient energy supply based on geothermal energy sources. Geothermal potential in the world, accentuating that in Russia (areas of the Baikal natural territory) and Mongolia, is analyzed considering the possibility of its implementation in the thermal power industry. Geothermal areas of Central Mongolia are characterized by increased heat flows and occurrences of thermal waters. The most promising thermal spring occurrences are the Shivert, Shargalzhuut, Tsenkher, Otgontenger, and Khuzhirt, to name some of them. Currently, the thermal energy potential of the Khangai arched uplift in Central Mongolia is employed to heat industrial, agricultural, and civil facilities. There are also plans to consider the possibility of large-scale employment of thermal waters of the region for electricity generation. An example of using geothermal waters for electricity generation is given, and the possibility of establishing a heating system in the city of Tsetserleg based on a geothermal heat pump unit with a wind power plant is assessed.

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Development and testing of a novel geothermal wall system

International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.1007/s40095-021-00407-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matteo Baralis ◽

Marco Barla

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Geothermal Energy ◽

Unit Area ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Existing Buildings ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽

Heating Mode ◽

Existing Structure ◽

Wall System

AbstractShallow geothermal energy systems have the potential to contribute to the decarbonization of heating and cooling demands of buildings. These systems typically present drawbacks as high initial investments and occupancy of wide areas. In this study, a novel energy wall system is proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional geothermal applications in urban areas. The system is characterized by ease of installation, low initial costs and applicability to existing buildings undergoing energy retrofitting. The paper illustrates the implementation of the prototype of such a system to an existing structure in Torino (Italy). An overview of the components is given together with the interpretation of an illustrative test carried out in heating mode. The data from both heating and cooling experimental campaigns allow us to highlight the potential of the proposed technology. The results suggest that an average thermal power of about 17 W per unit area can be exchanged with the ground in heating mode, while an average of 68 W per unit area is exchanged in cooling operations. The negligible impact on the stress–strain state of the wall and the surrounding soil thermal and hygrometric regime is also testified by the results collected. These aspects are associated with a reduced probability of interferences with other installations in highly urbanized areas, easiness of installation and affordable cost.

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Low-enthalpy Geothermal Energy Potential of Mine Water from Closured Underground Coal Mines in Northern Spain

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201910302007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 ◽

pp. 02007

Author(s):

Javier Menéndez ◽

Jorge Loredo

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Energy ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Coal Mines ◽

Heat Pumps ◽

Coefficient Of Performance ◽

Northern Spain ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Underground Coal Mines

The contribution of renewable energies to the world's total energy demand has increased particularly during the last decades, and they will continue gaining market share. The European energy and climate policies have as one of their targets 20% of final energy from renewable origin by 2020. Underground coal mines closured and flooded constitute large underground reservoirs that can be economically managed to supply geothermal energy (heating and cooling) by means of heat pumps. This paper analyzes the geothermal potential of the water stored inside the coal mines of the Asturian Central Coal Basin (ACCB) and the reduction of CO2 emissions compared to the use of fossil fuels. The results of the study that has been carried out show a capacity of 50 MWt. The potential for generation thermal energy is 112,000 MWh/year with an electric consumption of 14,000 MWh/year. The Coefficient Of Performance (COP) medium is 8 kWht/kWhe. The reduction of CO2 emissions compared to other fuel sources can reach 80%.

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