scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Frenotomy on Speech in Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2727
Author(s):  
Anna Lichnowska ◽  
Marcin Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Observation ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
The Face ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Speech Clarity ◽  
Tongue Mobility ◽  
Student’S T Test

There is no publication concerning tongue-tie (TT) in adults, surprisingly. It is generally known that TT is mainly diagnosed in newborns and infants. It seems unlikely that TT does not cause functional disorders in adults, especially considering that TT has been present in organism since childhood. Thus, there is insufficient information about the influence of TT on adults′ speech production. The purpose of this study was the functional evaluation of lingual frenotomy on tongue mobility and speech in the adult Polish population. Methods: Methods were based on visual observation and examination of the oral cavity accompanied by visual and auditory examination of articulation. Χ2 test, Kruskal–Wallis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Student’s t-test were used for statistical analyses. Conclusions: Tongue-tie is a serious condition in adults. Implementing surgical procedures to treat it improves the tongue′s mobility in every direction and improves speech clarity. The frenotomy should be implemented in patients suffering from malocclusion because the equilibrium of all the face muscles and skeleton is often disturbed and may lead to unstable functional effects of orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.

scholarly journals Photometric analysis of esthetically pleasant and unpleasant facial profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Nunes da Rocha Fortes ◽  
Thamirys Correia Guimarães ◽  
Ivana Mara Lira Belo ◽  
Edgard Norões Rodrigues da Matta
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Linear Measure ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Score System ◽  
The Face ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: To identify which linear, angular and proportionality measures could influence a profile to be considered esthetically pleasant or unpleasant, and to assess sexual dimorphism. Methods: 150 standardized facial profile photographs of dental students of both sexes were obtained and printed on photographic paper. Ten plastic surgeons, ten orthodontists and ten layperson answered a questionnaire characterizing each profile as pleasant, acceptable or unpleasant. With the use of a score system, the 15 most pleasant and unpleasant profiles of each sex were selected. The photographs were scanned into AutoCAD computer software. Linear, angular and proportion measurements were obtained using the software tools. The average values between groups were compared by the Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney test at 5%. Results: The linear measures LL-S, LL-H, LL-E, LL-B and Pn-H showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Statistical differences were also found in the angular measures G'.Pn.Pg', G'.Sn.Pg' and Sn.Me'.C and in the proportions G'-Sn:Sn-Me' and Sn-Gn':Gn'-C (p < 0.05). Differences between sexes were found for the linear measure Ala-Pn, angles G'-Pg'.N-Pn, Sn.Me'.C, and proportions Gn'-Sn:Sn-Me' and Ala-Pn:N'-Sn. (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The anteroposterior position of the lower lip, the amount of nose that influences the profile, facial convexity, total vertical proportion and lip-chin proportion appear to influence pleasantness of facial profile. Sexual dimorphism was identified in nasal length, nasofacial and lower third of the face angles, total vertical and nasal height/length proportions.

The morphology of the mandibular antegonial notches and facial symmetry

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Fares Al-Sehaibany ◽  
Omar Salem ◽  
Brian Preston
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Statistical Relationship ◽  
State University ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Right ◽  
Student’S T Test

Thirty randomly selected pre-treatment postero-anterior cranial radiographs of adolescent patients attending the orthodontic department, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo comprised the sample in this study. The aims of this study were (1) to compare the depths of the right, and the left, mandibular antegonial notches, and (2) to determine whether the morphology of the antegonial notches bears a statistical relationship to some other transverse metrical characters of the face. The frontal cranial radiographs of thirty patients were digitized to determine the linear, and surface area, measurements of the right, and the left, antegonial notches as well as some transverse dimensions of the faces. An analysis of variance showed that no statistically significant difference existed between the measurements made by the two examiners, who digitized the radiographs.The data were analyzed by means of the Student's t- test. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences (P&lt;0.05) between the measurements of the right, and the left, mandibular antegonial notches. The data also showed that there were highly statistically significant differences between the corresponding bilateral facial dimensions (P&lt;0.001). The results of this study suggest that facial symmetry, as measured on a frontal skull radiograph, is associated with the respective depths of the right, and the left, mandibular antegonial notches.

scholarly journals Debt behavior of different generations before and after COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-251
Author(s):  
Maria A. Gagarina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Debt Behavior

The relevance of researching debt behavior in the context of the pandemic is associated with the need to understand the changes in the willingness of Russians to postpone the satisfaction of their needs and help others in the face of a worsening epidemiological, economic and social situation in the country. The aim of the study was to compare the debt behavior of the baby boomer generations X, Y and Z before and after the beginning of the pandemic. Research hypothesis, respondents interviewed prior to COVID-19 will have a lower willingness to lend and borrow, and willingness to fulfill obligations will remain unchanged, compared to respondents interviewed after COVID-19. Sample 1: interviewed from 2013 to January 2019, before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, N = 390 (159 men, 217 women, 14 did not indicate gender), representatives of different generations. Sample 2: interviewed in 2020, N = 390 (201 men, 189 women), 17–70 years, corresponding in age and number of representatives of different generations to respondents from sample 1. Methods: questionnaire, including socio-demographic data and borrowing experience, “Debt behavior express inventory”. For sample 2, additionally the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic and questionnaire “Attitude of the individual to the epidemiological threat” by T. A. Nestik. Results. For generations of baby boomers, X, Y, there are similar changes in readiness for debt behavior in all areas: borrowing, lending and fulfilling obligations. Compared to the respondents surveyed before the beginning of the pandemic, there are significantly higher values (Student’s t-test, p <0.01) on the scale of “condemnation of borrowers” and significantly lower values on the “rationality of debt behavior” and “avoidance of debt” scales. The difference between generations in experiencing an epidemiological threat is the difference between generation Z and older generations. It is shown that the higher the fear of a worsening economic situation as a result of COVID-19 is, the lower the willingness to both borrow and lend is, and the higher the confidence in one’s ability to cope with difficulties and empathy for others during the pandemic are, the greater the readiness to fulfill debt obligations is.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF LAYING EGGS USING PREBIOTIC ADDITIVES CREATED IN CAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Daiane Dantas Fagundes ◽  
Leda Gobbo de Freitas Bueno ◽  
Gislaine Trecenti Teixeira ◽  
Marcos Martinez do Valley ◽  
Mario Mollo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Free System ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Reduced Scale ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study aims to evaluate the quality of eggs in laying hens reared at different densities in cage-free system, receiving diets with the addition of prebiotic additives. An observational study was carried out with 45 laying hens of the Novogen Brown scaling, which was in the phase of peak production (28 – 37 weeks), in prototypes of reduced scale without air conditioning and divided into group 1 (G1): density of two poultry /m² (11 poultry ) and diet with addition of a prebiotic pool; group 2 (G2): density of three poultry /m² (17 poultry ) and commercial diet without the addition of prebiotics and antibiotics; group 3 (G3): density of three poultry /m² (17 poultry ) and also diet with the addition of a prebiotic pool. In this study, the statistical evaluation was performed, the effects of densities 2 poultry /m² (G1) or 3 poultry /m² (G3) and the effects of diet with prebiotics (G3) and without prebiotics (G2) in laying poultry  were performed. The data were submitted to variance analysis by the GLM procedure of the SAS Program V9 (2002), using the Student's T Test at a level of 5% significance. The results referring to eggeso (g), albumen height (mm), yolk color,  haugh unit (UH), peel  resistance (Kgf) between G1 and G3 showed no statistically difference, since in relation to the thickness of the shell (mm) differed (P>0.05). In the analysis between G2 and G3, the statistical difference (P>0.05) obtained among all the panels analyzed. In the face of the above, it can be reported that the results of quality variables undergo the action of prebiotics in laying hens created in the Cage-free system.

scholarly journals Personality as a subject financial and economic activity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Udachina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Student’S T Test

The article is devoted the problem of personality as a subject of financial and economic activity in the face of a pandemic COVID-19; in the article the peculiarities of the subject of activity of the individual in financial-economic sphere in terms of the imposition of austerity measures during the period of quarantine, and especially the subject of personal activity in the financial-economic sphere after the removal of most of the quarantine restrictions. The purpose of the study described in the article was to study the manifestations of financial and economic activity of an individual in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The hypothesis of the study was the following assumption: the features of the subject activity of the individual in the financial and economic sphere in the conditions of quarantine associated with the coronavirus pandemic and the features of the subject activity of the individual in the financial and economic sphere after the removal of most quarantine restrictions differ. As research methods, we used the method of diagnosing the type of behavioral activity of L. I. Wasserman and N. V. Gumenyuk is designed to diagnose the level of behavioral activity of the individual, manifested in particular in the field of financial-economic relations and the author's questionnaire "the Manifestation of the subject of financial-economic activity of a person in a pandemic coronavirus", designed to identify and describe the features of the subject of financial-economic activity of a person in a pandemic coronavirus. The article also presents the results of an empirical study, describes the differences in the behavioral activity of the individual and the peculiarities of the attitude to the respondents ' money, under the conditions of imposing strict measures during the quarantine period and after the removal of most quarantine restrictions. Statistically significant and significant differences were found in the parameter of behavioral activity of respondents at the time of imposition of strict quarantine measures (spring 2020), adopted in Krasnodar to stabilize the situation and prevent the spread of coronavirus and during the gradual lifting of quarantine restrictions and return to normal life (end of summer 2020). The significance of these differences was confirmed using the student's t-test (0.012).

Serosal and cutaneous recordings of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with gastroparesis

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. G90-G98 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Chen ◽  
B. D. Schirmer ◽  
R. W. McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Gastric Slow Wave ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aims of this study were to 1) investigate gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with gastroparesis, 2) validate the cutaneous electrogastrogram (EGG) in tracking the frequency change of the gastric slow wave, and 3) investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on gastric myoelectrical activity. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded in 12 patients with documented gastroparesis using serosal electrodes for > 200 min in each subject. All recordings were made at least 4 days after surgery. Each session consisted of a 30-min recording in the fasting state and a 30-min recording after a test meal. The test meal (liquid or mixed) was selected according to patient's tolerance. Electrical stimulation was performed in three subjects via the serosal electrodes at a frequency of 3 cycles/min. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded using serosal electrodes in each session. The serosal recording showed slow waves of 2.5 to 4.0 cycles/min in all 12 subjects. Absence of spikes was noted in 11 of the 12 subjects. The simultaneous serosal and cutaneous recording of gastric myoelectrical activity showed that the frequency of the EGG was exactly the same as that of the serosal recording. Liquid meals resulted in a significant decrease in slow-wave frequency (Student's t test, P = 0.006), and the EGG accurately reflected this change. Electrical stimulation had no effect on the frequency of the gastric slow wave and did not induce spikes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The Effect of Changes in Dialysate Volume on Glucose and Urea Equilibration

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Kohaut ◽  
F. Bryson Waldo ◽  
Mark R. Benfield
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Dialysate Volume ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objectives To determine the effect of changing dialysate volume on urea and glucoseequilibration curves and to determine, if dialysate volume is prescribed on the basis of body surface area, whether equilibration curves will be consistent in patients of different sizes and ages. Design A prospective study wherein children with acute or chronic renal failure had peritoneal equilibration studies done with dwell volumes of 30 mL/kg, 40 mL/kg, and 1200 mL/m2. Patient Population Twenty-two children: 7 under 3 years of age; 8 between 3 and 10 years of age; 7 older than 10 years of age. Statistics Student's t-test. Results Urea and glucose equilibrated rapidly at dwell volumes of 30 mL/kg, slower at dwell volumes of 40 mL/kg, and slowest at dwell volumes of 1200 mL/m2. Equilibration curves were similar in children of different ages when dialysate volumes of 1200 mL/m2 were infused. Conclusion Dialysate volumes of 1200 mL/m2 should be used when equilibration studies are being done to compare individuals of different ages and sizes.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of 2-Azaspiro [4,5] Decan-3-One (Impurity A) in Gabapentin Determination Method Using qNMR Spectroscopy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1656
Author(s):  
Nataliya E. Kuz’mina ◽  
Sergey V. Moiseev ◽  
Mikhail D. Khorolskiy ◽  
Anna I. Lutceva
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Student’S T Test

The authors developed a 1H qNMR test procedure for identification and quantification of impurity A present in gabapentin active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and gabapentin products. The validation studies helped to determine the limit of quantitation and assess linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, and robustness of the procedure. Spike-and-recovery assays were used to calculate standard deviations, coefficients of variation, confidence intervals, bias, Fisher’s F test, and Student’s t-test for assay results. The obtained statistical values satisfy the acceptance criteria for the validation parameters. The authors compared the results of impurity A quantification in gabapentin APIs and capsules by using the 1H qNMR and HPLC test methods.

scholarly journals Potential intravenous drug incompatibilities in a pediatric unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Dalliane Batista Leal ◽  
Ramon Weyler Duarte Leopoldino ◽  
Rand Randall Martins ◽  
Lourena Mafra Veríssimo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate potential intravenous drug incompatibilities and related risk factors in a pediatric unit. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the pediatric unit of a university hospital in Brazil. Data on prescriptions given to children aged 0-15 years from June to October 2014 were collected. Prescriptions that did not include intravenous drugs and prescriptions with incomplete dosage regimen or written in poor handwriting were excluded. Associations between variables and the risk of potential incompatibility were investigated using the Student’s t test and ANOVA; the level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Relative risks were calculated for each drug involved in potential incompatibility with 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 222 children participated in the study; 132 (59.5%) children were male and 118 (53.2%) were aged between 0 and 2 years. The mean length of stay was 7.7±2.3 days. Dipyrone, penicillin G and ceftriaxona were the most commonly prescribed drugs. At least one potential incompatibility was detected in about 85% of children (1.2 incompatibility/patient ratio). Most incompatibilities detected fell into the non-tested (93.4%), precipitation (5.5%), turbidity (0.7%) or chemical decomposition (0.4%) categories. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenytoin, phenobarbital or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibility. Conclusion Most pediatric prescriptions involved potential incompatibilities, with higher prevalence of non-tested incompatibilities. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibilities.

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