scholarly journals Long-Term Monitored Road Degradation Functions as a Tool to Increase Quality of Pavement Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9839
Author(s):  
Stefan Sedivy ◽  
Lenka Mikulova ◽  
Peter Danisovic ◽  
Juraj Sramek ◽  
Lubos Remek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pavement Management Systems ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Operation Phase ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive

Ensuring the sustainability of road infrastructure cannot be achieved without the continuous application of new knowledge and approaches within individual management steps. A particularly risky stage in the life cycle of existing roads is the operation phase. High attention is paid to the environmental, financial and social impacts and benefits of individual processes applied by road managers. These processes meet in pavement management systems (PMS), which, however, cannot work reliably without the necessary input data. Information on the development of the technical condition of the road can also be included among the most important data. The paper brings the first outputs from several years of research of measurements on the Slovak 1st class road. Its aim is to gradually determine the degradation functions for the needs of Slovak geographical, climatic and transport conditions. The secondary objective is to verify the reliability of non-destructive measurement procedures of the technical condition of the road. Emphasis is placed on the application of such mathematical procedures that can not only reliably bring about the determination of past developments in the roadway, but can also present the expected picture of future developments.

MODELING THE PROCESS OF INSPECTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SUPPORTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL OVERPASSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
N Rogov ◽  
S. Nikolenko ◽  
Svetlana Sazonova
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Strength Of Materials ◽  
Elastic Rebound ◽  
Cover Thickness ◽  
Non Destructive

The paper presents the process of assessing the technical condition of reinforced concrete supports of existing technological overpasses. The characteristics of overpasses are given. Defects identified in the process of assessing the technical condition are shown. The paper describes the control of concrete strength by the non-destructive method of elastic rebound using the Digi Shmidt 2000 device and the determination of the concrete cover thickness and the location of reinforcement by the magnetic method using the Profometer-5S device. The layout of the working reinforcement in the reinforced concrete supports of the overpass section has been determined. The results of verification calculations of the structures of technological ramps are given, taking into account the revealed defects and damages, the strength of materials and the specified actual loads. Proposals are given for improving the performance of concrete of reinforced concrete supports of overpasses.

Investigation on Identifying Road Anomalies using In-Vehicle Sensors for Cooperative Applications and Road Asset Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 585-595
Author(s):  
Moksheeth Padarthy ◽  
Mohammed Sami ◽  
Emiliano Heyns
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pavement Management Systems ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vehicle Sensors

One of the main challenges for road authorities is to maintain the quality of the road infrastructure. Road anomalies can have a significant impact on traffic flow, the condition of vehicles, and the comfort of occupants of vehicles. Strategies such as pavement management systems use pavement evaluation vehicles that are equipped with state-of-the-art devices to assist road authorities in identifying and repairing these anomalies. The quantity of data available is limited, however, by the limited availability and, therefore, coverage of these vehicles. To address this problem, several investigations have been conducted on the use of smartphones or equipping vehicles with additional sensors to identify the presence of road anomalies. This paper aims to add to this arsenal by using sensors already available in production vehicles to identify road anomalies. If production vehicles could be used to identify road anomalies, then road authorities would be equipped with an additional fleet of mobile sensors (vehicles traveling on a particular road) to receive initial insights into the presence of anomalies. This information could then be used to assist road authorities to deploy their staff and equipment more precisely at these locations, such that appropriate equipment reaches the right place at the right time. In this paper, an algorithm that uses lateral acceleration and individual wheel speed signals, which are commonly available vehicular variables, was developed to detect potholes using machine learning techniques. The results of the algorithm were validated with real life test scenarios.

scholarly journals Algorithm for Integrated Non-Destructive Diagnostics of Technical Condition of Structures of Buildings and Constructions Using the Thermogram Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Karpov ◽  
Anton Sinitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
Non Destructive

An algorithm for integrated non-destructive diagnostics of technical condition of structures of buildings and constructions using the temperature field analysis is proposed. An attempt is made to systematize, characterize and build a logical sequence of stages for energy inspection of heat-consuming and heat-generating construction objects and their structural elements. The presented algorithm differs from the well-known technologies for energy monitoring of buildings and structures by the presence of two additional steps, which are an integrated part of any energy examination: determination of the relative surface humidity of building structures and the actual mass flow of coolant through a heating system using qualitative and quantitative assessment of thermal images. The implementation of energy (thermal imaging) and technical examinations according to the presented structural scheme requires appropriate equipment, as well as involvement of highly qualified specialists (civil engineers, thermal power engineers, thermal physicists, thermal imaging operators, etc.).

scholarly journals Non-destructive measurement of chlorophyll b:a ratios and identification of photosynthetic pathways in grasses by reflectance spectroscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Siebke ◽  
Marilyn C. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive

Equations for non-destructive determination of chlorophyll b : a ratios in grasses were developed from reflectance spectra of intact leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and two barley mutants: clorina f2, which lacks chlorophyll b and clorina f104, which has a low chlorophyll b content. These plants enabled separation of effects of chlorophyll composition on reflectance spectra due to differential light absorption by chlorophylls a and b and to measure the effects of chlorophyll b on the contribution of fluorescence emitted by chlorophyll a to the reflectance spectra. Indices developed from these data were then tested on growth chamber-grown leaves from six C3 and 17 C4 grass species (7 NAD-ME and 10 NADP-ME subtypes). We used the chlorophyll b : a ratio because the data were less skewed than the chlorophyll a : b ratio. The best index for determination of the chlorophyll b : a ratio utilised wavelengths affected by chlorophyll absorbance: [R626 – 0.5 (R603 + R647)]/[R552– R626]. The chlorophyll b : a ratio was significantly lower in the C4 than C3 grasses, but was not sufficient in itself to separate these two functional groups. However, because of differences in fluorescence characteristics, C3 and C4 species could be distinguished by an index based on wavelengths affected by chlorophyll fluorescence: [R696 to 709/R545 to 567].

scholarly journals CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF LOWER ROADWAY LAYERS FOR PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej POŻARYCKI
Keyword(s):  
Lower Layer ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Pavement Management System ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Management Systems ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Falling Weight

The process of selecting road maintenance technologies for the Pavement Management System (PMS) can use road pavement moduli of deformation as the substantiating information. Assessment criteria based on either pavement or base course moduli of deformation have strong empirical underpinning, since the stiff plate bearing testing (SPBT) is commonly used worldwide. This paper discusses potential practical applications of plate bearing test numerical simula­tion based on Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) deflection data, and theoretical model based on flexible pavement. It was proven that including a pavement model with stress dependency, the simulated second load-displacement curves meet reliably plate bearing in-situ test conditions for different layers of either subgrade or base courses of road pave­ment. This methodology is feasible by classifying technical condition of each lower layer of road pavement against requirements towards new pavements.

Non-Destructive and Semi-Destructive Test Methods for Strength Determination of Aged Wood

2013 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Anton Kraler ◽  
Wilfried Beikircher
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive

To what extent is there a change in the strength of wood over the course of centuries, when installed under a constant load? Are there non-destructive measurement methods for the determination of strength that are suitable for this investigation? These two questions were the starting point of this research project. Through experience we have learned that the strength of wood is dependent on the growth regions and climatic conditions in which it originates. For example, over centuries, in a northern Italian valley, there were commonly known and clearly defined areas which provided the wood for the construction of the local buildings. Another decisive factor for selecting this research region was that the buildings concerned had already been dated by means of dendrochronology. This created a unique situation in that the strength of the timber in these buildings, which cover about nine centuries (1250 to present), could be compared and analyzed. Local spruce and larch used in the construction typical of this region were selected for the investigations. Starting with 1250AD (the oldest dated wood construction) and in consecutive steps of 100 years, two projects (of the entire 18 projects) are selected and explored. Three non-destructive and respectively semi-destructive measurement methods were used for the strength testing. The measurement devices are: for drill resistance measuring IML-RESI F400S, for the fractometer tests (bending and compression tests) IML-Instrumenta Mechanik Labor Gmbh. For ultrasonic testing the device Sylvatest duo is used. So the validity of the measurement systems used could be brought into relation with the actual strength. Some small, flawless samples (without knots) from selected projects were removed and then tested in a laboratory with the universal testing machine Shimadzu 100KN.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Road Shoulders using Light Weight Deflectometer and Geogauge

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3107-3114
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
The Road ◽  
Light Weight Deflectometer ◽  
Non Destructive

Shoulders are an important element of the highways that provide space for vehicles to stop during an emergency. A well-compacted shoulder provides structural firmness to a pavement by transferring overlying traffic loads to the underlying soil stratum. They provide lateral support to the pavement. In recent years, the use of non-destructive testing devices like Geogauge and Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) has emerged in our country. The main reason behind this is the inbuilt ability of Geogauge and LWD in the fast estimation of the elastic modulus of a shoulder on top of their ease to port, being cost-effective, the capability to give more amounts of data, etc. Thus, there is a need to assess these devices. The main objective of this paper is to develop correlations between the parameter obtained from these non-destructive devices and destructive test parameterslike dry density and CBR. The tests were conducted on thirty-two locations of road shoulders at the city of Patna, India. Geogauge, LWD and sand replacement or sand cone testing were performed at different locations and soil samples were collected for determination of CBR and water content in the laboratory. The result of regression analysis shows that a significant correlation exists between moduli obtained from the devices under investigation and standard test results i.e. dry density and CBR. These developed correlations may be used by the road engineers for assessment of the quality of the shoulders.

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