scholarly journals Evaluation of Manual Skill Degradation Due to Automation in Apparel Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11098
Author(s):  
Zahid Rashid ◽  
Matthias Rötting
Keyword(s):  
Production Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Manual Skill ◽  
Refresher Training ◽  
Apparel Production

Manual skill degradation is a common problem that production managers face in assembly lines due to frequent changes in batch styles. Since the advancement in automated machinery, reliance on manual machines has been reduced. However, due to the high cost of fully automated machinery, it is still not available on a large scale in apparel manufacturing setups as most of the setups are in developing countries. Few related studies regarding the effects of automation on manual skills have been conducted in aviation and other emerging technological advanced fields; little focus was given on the effects of automation in apparel manufacturing. This exploratory study examines automation-induced performance degradation in the apparel production line. Sixty-seven sewing machine operators were initially trained on manual sewing machines to learn a complex production operation. Then, participants were divided randomly into three groups to experience varied amount of automation exposure. The manual machine group (MMG)kept working on the manual machines after the initial training and skill development. In contrast, the automation group (AG) shifted to automated pocket setting machines after skill development. Finally, the refresher training group (RTG) rotated between manual and automated machines after the skill development. The skill retrieval assessment was carried out after six weeks in the production line. The result of an independent t-test showed no significant differences among performances of the three groups after the initial training stage. A significant increase in the average single cycle time (ASCT) and decrease in the right-first-time percent (RFT %) was found in the AG while the ASCT decreased and the RFT% increased among the MMG after the retention interval. The RTG almost maintained its production output and the ASCT due to refresher training drills. Relevance to industry: Production managers usually maintain a skill set among the operators to run the production line smoothly. Therefore, capacity development drills of sewing operators are essential to maintain an efficient required skill set.

ROBOTS AND APPAREL MANUFACTURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (15) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ahmet ÖZBEK ◽  
Oğuzhan PEKİNALP
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Robot Gripper ◽  
The People ◽  
Apparel Production ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Robot Technology

Aim: The main purpose of this manuscript is to examine the robot technologies developed or under development for use in apparel production. Then, based on the identified related robotic technologies, it is aimed to inform the apparel clothing companies about the latest status of robot technologies and to provide information about the identified shortcomings to the people or institutions interested in this field, leading to new studies. Method: Within the scope of the manuscript, the literature on the subject was searched. Results: As a result of the literature review, robotics developed or under development to perform fabric laying (PR2 robot, Gripper and Picking Pad), sewing (Kuka LWR 4 and Robotic Arm), ironing (Baxter and Humanoid robot TEO) and packaging (Robot Motoman SDA10D) technologies have been identified. However, no robot technology has been found for cutting and quality control processes. Conclusion: Although many robotic systems have been developed for use in the apparel production, it has been understood that new R&D studies are needed in this area in order for the production to be fully robotized.

scholarly journals Stream water quality associated with a livestock/poultry production operation in Southeastern Manitoba, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pip ◽  
A. Reinisch
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Stream Water Quality

Water quality was examined in two parallel streams in southeastern Manitoba that enclosed a small hog and poultry operation with associated waste lagoons and manure spread fields. Nitrate-N (NN), molybdenum reactive phosphorus (MRP), dissolved organic matter index (DOMI), chloride, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, temperature, and total (TC) and fecal (FC) coliform bacterial counts were measured at weekly intervals during the ice-free season at two upstream and two downstream sites relative to the operation. Significantly higher values downstream compared to upstream were observed for MRP, TSS, TDS, chloride, and to some extent NN, indicating the escape of these materials into the adjacent streams. TC were correlated with the rainfall, water temperature, TDS, and pH at all sites. However, TC were also correlated with TSS, MRP, and DOMI only at the downstream sites, while NN was correlated more strongly downstream than upstream. FC were correlated with water temperature and NN at all sites, as well as with TSS and MRP downstream only. Downstream FC/TC ratios increased with increasing rainfall, indicating proportionately greater escape of FC compared to TC under higher runoff conditions. The results suggested that environmental loading of livestock waste adversely altered natural stream water quality dynamics, underlining the need for improved management practices, including the timing of manure spreading during drier weather conditions to minimise the large-scale escape events.

Retention of Basic Trauma Life Support Skills

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard A. Werman ◽  
David R. Keseg ◽  
Mayer Glimcher ◽  
Carol Schumacher ◽  
Steven Shaner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Trauma Victim ◽  
Refresher Training ◽  
Support Skills ◽  
Written Test

AbstractThe Basic Trauma Life Support (BTLS) course was developed to teach prehospital providers a rapid, prioritized approach to assess and manage the trauma victim. Little data currently are available relative to the retention of the cognitive and psychomotor skilk taught in the course. To examine this question, thirteen paramedics were retested on identically moulaged trauma scenarios and written examinations 14–16 months after initial training in BTLS. No advanced notification of the re-test was given. Written test scores decreased from an initial mean of 93.0±6.6 to a mean of 64.9±11.8 (p<0.001) 14–16 months later. Similarly, the trauma scenario test scores declined from 71.6±10.4 to 61.3±16.2 (p<0.05). The results suggest that there is significant loss of both didactic information and practical skills from the BTLS course 14–16 months after training. Frequent BTLS refresher training in the form of supplemental readings, lectures, and repeated exposures to trauma simulations is needed.

Experience in fighting with COVID-19 in Management Company "Metalloinvest"

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Salnikov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Situation Centers

Introduction. The problem of effectively countering the COVID-19 pandemic is particularly acute for companies with a continuous production cycle, which include metallurgical enterprises. The plan of anti-epidemic measures developed by the operational headquarters of "Metalloinvest" includes three blocks: measures to prevent infection and prevent the spread of coronavirus infection; measures to improve the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation. The medical staff of corporate medical organizations and health protection groups at the company's enterprises implement a set of anti-epidemic measures daily. There are situation centers that provide organizational and advisory assistance to patients, and contact centers that inform employees about issues related to COVID-19. We are successfully implementing the program of corporate volunteering and social partnership. In terms of the protection of employees and their families, a large-scale program was launched to support state medical institutions in the areas of presence, providing for the retrofitting of high-tech medical equipment (computer tomographs, artificial lung ventilation devices, blood gas analyzers, oxygen concentrators, specialized vehicles), as well as the supply of personal protective equipment and disinfection for medical personnel, medicines. Thanks to the measures taken, "Metalloinvest" managed to maintain a stable production operation, ensure prompt monitoring of the health status of employees, and reduce the incidence of COVID-19. In total, from March to December 2020, 2,934 cases of COVID-19 and pneumonia were detected in employees, 17 deaths were confirmed, 20,889 tests and 1,644 CT scans of the lungs were performed. The number of employees in "Metalloinvest" with a diagnosis of coronavirus infection and pneumonia is less than 0.3% of all employees, which is almost 4 times lower than among residents of the regions where they operate.

Strategic responses to institutional pressures for sustainability

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1677-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaminda Wijethilake ◽  
Rahat Munir ◽  
Ranjith Appuhami
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Organisational Change ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Strategic Responses ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Outsourcing Contracts

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of management control systems (MCS) in strategically responding to institutional pressures for sustainability (IPS). Drawing on institutional theory (DiMaggio and Powell, 1983) and strategic responses to institutional pressures framework (Oliver, 1991), the study argues that organisations strategically respond to IPS using MCS. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected by interviewing sustainability managers of a large-scale multinational apparel manufacturing organisation with its headquarters in Sri Lanka. Findings The study finds that organisations actively respond to IPS using acquiescence, compromise, avoidance, defiance, and manipulation strategies. The results not only reveal that formal MCS play a critical role in complying with IPS, but also in more active responses, including compromise, avoidance, defiance, and manipulation. The findings highlight that organisations use MCS as a medium to respond strategically to IPS, and in turn, the use of MCS has important implications for organisational change and improvement. Practical implications The study has implications for Western organisations, finding that suppliers committed to sustainability in Asia strategically respond to IPS as a means of strengthening outsourcing contracts, instead of blindly accepting. Findings indicate that organisational changes and success seem to be a function of strategically responding to IPS rather than operating an organisation by neglecting sustainability challenges. The organisational ability to use MCS in strategically responding to IPS has the potential for long-term value creation. Originality/value This study provides novel insights into the MCS, strategy and sustainability literatures by exploring different uses of MCS tools in strategically responding to IPS. More specifically, it shows how the use of MCS tools varies in supporting strategic responses, and with respective IPS. In doing so, it enhances our understanding of the importance of the use of MCS in dynamics of institutional change and practical variances in strategically responding to IPS.

Innovation driven ecosystem for quality skill development in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 2997-3020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishir Shrotriya ◽  
Sanjay Dhir ◽  
Sushil
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Solutions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the challenges of quality skill development in complex and large economies like India and develop innovative processes of improving employability. Design/methodology/approach The problem areas and gaps have been identified through literature survey and published reports by governmental agencies on employability and quality skill development in India. The research focuses on prevalent challenges for large-scale skill development and utilizes TRIZ (Russian acronym for “Theory of Inventive Problem Solving”) for finding innovative solutions to the grand challenge of employability. Findings The applied research methodology in the paper leads to a model for the “Innovation driven ecosystem for quality skill development” and also defines the role and responsibilities of each stakeholders in the ecosystem. Research limitations/implications Solutions derived through TRIZ are qualitative in nature. The actual implication of solution needs to be tested after implementation. Further, intangible costs incurred, and harmful and useful effects cannot be easily quantified. Practical implications The parameter mapping for the TRIZ matrix was undertaken in this paper and this methodology when applied to other problem statements renders an organized process for improving total quality and innovative process management. The inventive principles were applied to find solution to contradictions and arrive at an integrated ecosystem which binds all stakeholders efficiently, to generate higher employability. The innovative solutions derived through the process are applicable to policy makers, researchers and practitioners. Social implications The process of improving employability through quality skill development, benchmarked by the TRIZ methodology can have far reaching social implications. Originality/value The research extends the body of knowledge of TRIZ modeling concepts in areas other than engineering, and depicts a unique total quality methodology which can be easily applied for other problem-solving contexts. The contribution can serve as a reference technique/tool for improving reliability and quality through a methodical process of working out innovative solutions to solve operational problems.

DFG Research Training Group 1387/1: dIEM oSiRiS – Integrative Development of Modelling and Simulation Methods for Regenerative Systems (DFG Graduiertenkolleg 1387/1: dIEM oSiRiS – Die integrative Entwicklung von Modellierungs- und Simulationsmethoden für regenerative Systeme)

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelinde Uhrmacher ◽  
Arndt Rolfs ◽  
Jana Frahm
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Uncertain Environments ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Systems Modelling ◽  
Regenerative Systems

Regenerative systems are able to overcome significant perturbations, and maintain autonomously their functionality in dynamic and uncertain environments. To analyse or develop these types of systems modelling and simulation play a crucial role. However, due to the fact of being large scale and of embracing many heterogeneously acting and interacting sub-systems, they require the development of new methodologies to support a flexible modelling at different levels of organization and abstraction and an efficient execution of experiments. These methodological developments are at the core of the DFG Research Training Group dIEM oSiRiS (The Integrative Development of Modelling and Simulation Methods for Regenerative Systems). Thereby, the analysis of characteristics and requirements of regenerative systems and the evaluation of the developed concepts are based on a concrete biological regenerative system: the exploration of signalling pathways that play a significant role in the differentiation of neural cells.

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