scholarly journals Methylammonium Lead Tri-Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells with Varying Equimolar Concentrations of Perovskite Precursors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11689
Author(s):  
Mritunjaya Parashar ◽  
Anupama B. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Solution Processing ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Deposition Processes ◽  
Power Point

During recent years, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown remarkable progress. The emergence of various thin film deposition processes to produce perovskite films, notably using solution processing techniques, can be credited in part for this achievement. The engineering of chemical precursors using solution processing routes is a powerful approach for enabling low-cost and scalable solar fabrication processes. In the present study, we have conducted a systematic study to tune the equimolar precursor ratio of the organic halide (methylammonium iodide; MAI) and metal halide (lead iodide; PbI2) in a fixed solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF):dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The surface morphology, optical characteristics, and crystallinity of the films produced with these four distinct solutions were investigated, and our analysis shows that the MAI:PbI2 (1.5:1.5) film is optimal under the current conditions. The PSCs fabricated from the (1.5:1.5) formulation were then integrated into the n-i-p solar cell architecture on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, which exhibited a PCE of ~14.56%. Stability testing on this PSC device without encapsulation at 29 °C (ambient temperature) and 60% relative humidity (RH) under one-sun illumination while keeping the device at its maximum power point showed the device retained ~60% of initial PCE value after 10 h of continuous operation. Moreover, the recombination analysis between all four formulations showed that the bimolecular recombination and trap-assisted recombination appeared to be suppressed in the more optimal (1.5:1.5) PSC device when compared to the other formulations used in the n-i-p PSC architecture.

Improving the crystal growth of a Cs0.24FA0.76PbI3−xBrx perovskite in a vapor–solid reaction process using strontium iodide

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 2491-2496
Author(s):  
Xi Deng ◽  
Jingchen Hua ◽  
Fuzhi Huang ◽  
Yong Peng ◽  
Wangnan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Reaction Process ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite

Preparing organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite films by deploying vacuum-based methods, which are widely used for industrial thin-film deposition, is expected to promote the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.

Stabilizing heterostructures of soft perovskite semiconductors

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 365 (6454) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbo Wang ◽  
Tianhao Wu ◽  
Julien Barbaud ◽  
Weiyu Kong ◽  
Danyu Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Solution Processing ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Output Efficiency ◽  
Power Point

Here we report a solution-processing strategy to stabilize the perovskite-based heterostructure. Strong Pb–Cl and Pb–O bonds formed between a [CH(NH2)2]x[CH3NH3]1−xPb1+yI3 film with a Pb-rich surface and a chlorinated graphene oxide layer. The constructed heterostructure can selectively extract photogenerated charge carriers and impede the loss of decomposed components from soft perovskites, thereby reducing damage to the organic charge-transporting semiconductors. Perovskite solar cells with an aperture area of 1.02 square centimeters maintained 90% of their initial efficiency of 21% after operation at the maximum power point under AM1.5G solar light (100 milliwatts per square centimeter) at 60°C for 1000 hours. The stabilized output efficiency of the aged device was further certified by an accredited test center.

Defects and passivation in perovskite solar cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yaobo Li ◽  
Zhaohan Li ◽  
Fangze Liu ◽  
Jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
High Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Charge Transport Layer

This organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have attracted great attention by virtue of their high absorption coefficient, low cost and simple film deposition technique. Based on these advantages, perovskite solar cells have reached an impressive power conversion efficiency over 25%. However, the low-temperature process inevitably leads to a large number of defects in the perovskite film. These defects would exacerbate the carrier recombination, induce crystal degradation, phase transformation and seriously affect the performance of devices. Studying the defects in perovskite film is of great significance for the development of high-performance perovskite solar cells. Herein, the authors summarise the causes, distribution and features of defects, as well as their effects on the performance of perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, some defect-passivation strategies on perovskite film or the device, including grain boundary passivation, surface passivation, capping layer modification and charge transport layer passivation, are discussed, respectively. Lastly, some remaining challenges in the commercialisation of perovskite solar cells are proposed.

scholarly journals Investigation of Various Commercial PEDOT:PSS (Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)Polystyrene Sulfonate) As A Hole Transport Layer in Lead Iodide Based Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Moeini Alishah ◽  
Fatma Pinar Gokdemir Choi ◽  
Serap Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Very High

Abstract Inverted-type perovskite solar cells have drawn remarkable attention due to solution-processable, straightforward configuration, low-cost processing, and manufacturing at very high throughput, even on top of flexible materials. The hole transport material (HTM) plays a vital role to achieve high performance in inverted type of perovskite solar cells. Herein, we report on the effect of different commercial PEDOT: PSS such as PH 1000, PH 500, P VP AI, and P T2, on the performance of CH3NH3PbI3 based planar perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals Methylamine-assisted growth of uniaxial-oriented perovskite thin films with millimeter-sized grains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haochen Fan ◽  
Fengzhu Li ◽  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
Zhenkun Gu ◽  
Jin-Hua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Recombination Energy ◽  
Lead Iodide

Abstract Defects from grain interiors and boundaries of perovskite films cause significant nonradiative recombination energy loss, and thus perovskite films with controlled crystallinity and large grains is critical for improvement of both photovoltaic performance and stability for perovskite-based solar cells. Here, a methylamine (MA0) gas-assisted crystallization method is developed for fabrication of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite films. In the process, the perovskite film is formed via controlled release of MA0 gas molecules from a liquid intermediate phase MAPbI3·xMA0. The resulting perovskite film comprises millimeter-sized grains with (110)-uniaxial crystallographic orientation, exhibiting much low trap density, long carrier lifetime, and excellent environmental stability. The corresponding perovskite solar cell exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ~ 21.36%, which is among the highest reported for MAPbI3-based devices. This method provides important progress towards the fabrication of high-quality perovskite thin films for low-cost, highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Synthesis of Semiconducting Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Nanoparticles for Screen Printing Application

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
Bruna F. Gonçalves ◽  
Alec P. LaGrow ◽  
Sergey Pyrlin ◽  
Bryan Owens-Baird ◽  
Gabriela Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Large Scale Synthesis ◽  
Deposition Processes

During the last few decades, the interest over chalcopyrite and related photovoltaics has been growing due the outstanding structural and electrical properties of the thin-film Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photoabsorber. More recently, thin film deposition through solution processing has gained increasing attention from the industry, due to the potential low-cost and high-throughput production. To this end, the elimination of the selenization procedure in the synthesis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 nanoparticles with following dispersion into ink formulations for printing/coating deposition processes are of high relevance. However, most of the reported syntheses procedures give access to tetragonal chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se2 nanoparticles, whereas methods to obtain other structures are scarce. Herein, we report a large-scale synthesis of high-quality Cu(In,Ga)Se2 nanoparticles with wurtzite hexagonal structure, with sizes of 10–70 nm, wide absorption in visible to near-infrared regions, and [Cu]/[In + Ga] ≈ 0.8 and [Ga]/[Ga + In] ≈ 0.3 metal ratios. The inclusion of the synthesized NPs into a water-based ink formulation for screen printing deposition results in thin films with homogenous thickness of ≈4.5 µm, paving the way towards environmentally friendly roll-to-roll production of photovoltaic systems.

scholarly journals Dimensional Optimization of TiO2 Nanodisk Photonic Crystals on Lead Iodide (MAPbI3) Perovskite Solar Cells by Using FDTD Simulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Lilik Hasanah ◽  
Adryan Ashidiq ◽  
Roer Eka Pawinanto ◽  
Budi Mulyanti ◽  
Chandra Wulandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Fdtd Simulation ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Low Cost Manufacturing ◽  
Methylammonium Lead Iodide

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are currently exhibiting reproducible high efficiency, low-cost manufacturing, and scalable electron transport layers (ETL), which are becoming increasingly important. The application of photonic crystals (PC) on solar cells has been proven to enhance light harvesting and lead solar cells to adjust the propagation and distribution of photons. In this paper, the optimization of a two-dimensional nanodisk PC introduced in ETL with an organic-inorganic lead-iodide perovskite (methylammonium lead-iodide, MAPbI3) as the absorber layer was studied. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation was used to evaluate the optical performance of PSC with various lattice constants and a radius of nanodisk photonic crystals. According to the simulation, the optimum lattice constant and PC radius applied to ETL are 500 nm and 225 nm, respectively. This optimum design enhances PSC absorption performance by more than 94% of incident light.

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