scholarly journals Evaluation of Lip Morphology and Nasolabial Angle in Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and/Palate and Non-Cleft Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Ahmed Ali Alfawzan ◽  
Fatema Akhter ◽  
Haytham Jamil Alswairki ◽  
Prabhat Kumar Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters

Objective: To investigate the variation between the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCLP) and non-cleft (NC) subjects in relation to the lip morphology (LM) and nasolabial angle (NLA). Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalogram (Late. Ceph.) of 123 individuals (92 NSCLP [29 = bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 41 = unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 9 = unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA), 13 = unilateral cleft lip (UCL)], and 31 NC) who did not undergo any orthodontic treatment were investigated. By WebCeph, an artificial intelligence- (A.I.) driven software, 2 (two) parameters of LM, namely upper lip to E line (LM-1) and lower lip to E line (LM-2), and NLA analysis was carried out for each individual. Multiple tests were carried out for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD observed for LM-1, LM-2, and NLA for NC individuals were 1.56 ± 2.98, 0.49 ± 3.51, and 97.20 ± 16.10, respectively. On the other hand, the mean ± SD of LM-1, LM-2, and NLA for NSCLP individuals were 4.55 ± 4.23, 1.68 ± 2.82, and 82.02 ± 14.66, respectively. No significant variation was observed with respect to gender and side. NSCLP (different types) and NC individuals showed significant disparities in LM-1 and NLA. Conclusion: It can be concluded that parameters of lip morphology such as LM-1, LM-2, and NLA vary among NSCLP and NC individuals.

Facial Growth in Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Cephalometric Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiki L.W.M. Heidbüchel ◽  
Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman ◽  
Hans Peter M. Freihofer
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

In this study, sagittal facial growth of bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients between 6 and 20 years of age is analyzed. The data of Nljmegen were derived from 131 lateral cephalograms taken in 21 BCLP patients who were treated In the Cleft Lip and Palate Center of the University Hospital of Nljmegen. Reported data of 90 BCLP patients treated at the Center of Oslo were used as a reference for comparison. Results of this Investigation showed mandibular growth to be similar in both centers. In the premaxillary region some differences were found: The Nljmegen patients presented a more protrusive premaxilla than those at Oslo. The upper front teeth and hence, the premaxilla, were more retroclined In the Nljmegen sample. There were also statistically significant differences in the soft tissue profile. The mean z-score was positive for the nasolabial angle and negative for the angle N'-Sn-Pg'. At 18 years of age, these differences are still apparent. In comparison with Broadbent's values of normal individuals, the SNPg-angle was smaller and the mandibular angle greater in Nljmegen and Oslo. The profiles of the BCLP patients are more convex in Nljmegen and more concave in Oslo than In the noncleft group. Finally, the different treatment strategies of the Cleft Lip and Palate Centers of Nljmegen and Oslo are compared and discussed In terms of their long-term results.

A Cephalometric Evaluation of Lower Lip in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ufuk Toygar ◽  
M. Okan Akçam ◽  
Ayça Arman
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate cephalometrically the lower lip position and area of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) comparatively with Class I skeletodental normal subjects. Patients Lateral cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs obtained from 24 patients with UCLP (mean age 12.86 years), along with 20 normal individuals (mean age 12.33 years) used as a control group, were examined. Design In addition to standard cephalometric dentofacial variables, lower lip area (superior, middle, inferior) was also measured using a digital planimeter on the lateral cephalograms. Results The superior and middle part of the lower lip areas were significantly smaller (p < .05) in the UCLP group, compared to the control group. The inferior and total lower lip areas of patients with UCLP were found to be significantly smaller than controls. The labiomental angle was also smaller (38.79 degrees). Conclusions The results suggest that the lower lip of patients with UCLP is smaller, retruded, and curved, with a deep labiomental sulcus, compared with normal individuals during puberty. Therefore, practitioners should focus not only on the upper lip of patients with UCLP but also should consider the lower lip as it was found distinct from normal individuals during puberty.

scholarly journals Congenital double lip pits

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Widayanti ◽  
Melita Sylvyana ◽  
Endang Syamsudin ◽  
Rizki Diposarosa
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fistulous Tract ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Developmental Disturbances ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

Introduction : Lip pits are unusual congenital anomalies affecting the lip, first described by DeMurquay in 1845. Lip pits can encounter aesthetic problem thus the patient ask for surgical overcome. Case Report : A 4-year-old girl patient came with double lower lip pits that present since birth with bilateral cleft lip and palate. The pits made a mucous accumulation occurs during mealtimes and crying, and felt aesthethic discomfort. The surgery was performed by simple excision combined with split-lip advancement technique under general anaesthesia and the excised pits was then analized for histopatological structures. The patient has no aesthetic defect after surgery. Discussion : Congenital lip pits are developmental anomalies that occur as an isolated defect or either in association with other developmental disturbances. It happens due to notching of lip at an early stage of development with fixation of tissues of the base of the notch or from a failure of complete union of embryonic lateral sulci of the lip. Lip pits can be shallow or deep, and may be associated with accessory salivary glands. The treatment is usually surgical excision with removal of entire fistulous tract. Conclusion : Surgical removal of lip pits is commonly for cosmetic purpose. It must be treated wisely because lips are essential part of someones face.

scholarly journals Dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and palate in Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dental Records

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this paper was to describe the prevalence and type of dental anomalies in the primary and permanent dentition in children with a cleft condition at Princess Margaret Hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Materials and Methods: The details of 162 current dental patients extracted from the main dental database through their year of birth for the period 1998–2001 were selected consecutively. Dental records and X-rays were examined by one examiner (WN) and verified by a second examiner (RB) to determine dental development. The mean age of the subjects was 10.8 years with equal numbers of males and females. Subjects were further divided into cleft type; unilateral cleft lip (UCL) and palate, bilateral cleft lip (BCL) and palate, UCL, BCL, and cleft palate. Results: One hundred sixty-two subjects were grouped into 21 categories of anomaly or abnormality. Prevalence rates for the categories were calculated for the overall group and for gender and cleft type. Conclusion: Overall, 94% of patients were found to have at least one dental anomaly, with fifty-six (34%) patients having more than one anomaly or abnormality.

Abnormal Maxillary Trapezoid Pattern in Human Fetal Cleft Lip and Palate

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soung Min Kim ◽  
Young Joon Lee ◽  
Sang Shin Lee ◽  
Yeon Sook Kim ◽  
Suk Keun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Alveolar Cleft ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Different Types

Objective: To elucidate abnormal growth patterns of human fetal maxillae with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Subject: A total of 71 fetal maxillae with CLP were obtained from aborted human fetuses. Method: Dimensions of the maxillary trapezoid (MT), formed by the maxillary primary growth centers (MxPGC), were taken from radiographic images. The CLP dimensions were compared with maxillary trapezoid dimensions of normal fetuses from a previous study (Lee et al., 1992). Main Outcome Measures: Cleft lip subjects without a cleft palate, unilateral cleft lip-alveolar cleft or cleft palate (UCL+A/UCLP), and bilateral cleft lip-alveolar cleft or cleft palate (BCL+A/BCLP) displayed abnormal MT patterns. MT abnormalities were most marked in the BCL+A/BCLP cohort. Results: The MT growth of prenatal CLP maxillae was severely arrested, resulting in abnormal MT shape on palatal radiograms. BCL+A/BCLP subjects had a more protruded nasal septum than subjects with other types of CLPs, while UCL+A/UCLP subjects showed severe deviation of the protruded nasal septum toward the noncleft side. Cleft lip-only subjects also exhibited abnormal MT growth. Conclusion: MT is primarily involved in CLPs, so that the MT shape could be utilized as a sensitive indicator for the analysis of maxillary malformation in different types of CLPs.

Nasal Airway Dimensions of Adults with Cleft Lip and Palate: Differences among Cleft Types

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Fukushiro ◽  
Inge Elly Kiemle Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Isolated Cleft Palate ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objective To determine the nasal airway dimensions in adults with repaired cleft lip and palate by rhinomanometry and to analyze the reduction associated with different types of clefts. Model A prospective analysis comparing three types of previously repaired clefts: bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and isolated cleft palate (CP) at the 5% level of significance. Setting Laboratory of Physiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. Participants Fifty-three subjects aged 18 to 35 years (17 BCLP, 16 UCLP, 20 CP) and a group of 20 individuals without cleft (N). Variables Minimum cross-sectional nasal area assessed by posterior (PR) and anterior (AR) rhinomanometry and nasopharyngeal area assessed by modified AR. Results Mean (± 1 SD) nasal areas obtained by PR were: 0.47 ± 0.16 cm2 (BCLP), 0.57 ± 0.19 cm2 (UCLP), 0.61 ± 0.13 cm2 (CP), and 0.60 ± 0.10 cm2 (N). The mean value for the BCLP group was significantly smaller than that for the N and CP groups. The remaining values did not differ from one another. The proportion of subjects with subnormal areas obtained by PR was 41%, 19%, and 0% for groups BCLP, UCLP, and CP, respectively. Similar results were obtained by AR. All subjects presented a nasopharyngeal area larger than 0.80 cm2, denoting absence of obstruction in the nasopharynx. Conclusions In adulthood BCLP is the type of cleft associated with a greater reduction of nasal airway, compared with UCLP and CP, suggesting that adults with BCLP are at a greater risk for nasal obstruction.

The Prevalence of Caries in Children with a Cleft Lip and/or Palate in Southern Vietnam

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjobbe Besseling ◽  
Leander Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Oral Cleft ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
The World ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of caries in South Vietnamese children with a known oral cleft. Setting The children were screened at local dental hospitals in five different cities in southern Vietnam. Participants One hundred fifty-four children aged 4 to 6, 11 to 13, and 14 to 16 years old with a cleft lip, cleft palate, or both were included in the study. Outcome Measurements For every age group, clefts were divided in four types. The dmft/DMFT was specified according to criteria of the World Health Organization (1997). Results The mean number of teeth affected by caries was 9.95 for 4- to 6-year-old children, 2.97 for 11- to 13-year-old children, and 4.93 for 14- to 16-year-old children, respectively. Four- to 6-year-old children with a unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate had significantly more caries and a higher dmft (decayed, missing, and filled teeth index) than children of the same age with only a cleft lip or a cleft lip and alveolus. Conclusions Vietnamese children with an oral cleft have high numbers of teeth affected by dental caries, and special attention will be necessary for their oral health.

scholarly journals Functional Outcomes of Cleft Lip Surgery. Part II: Quantification of Nasolabial Movement

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carroll-Ann Trotman ◽  
Julian J. Faraway ◽  
H. Wolfgang Losken ◽  
John A. van Aalst
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Lip Movement ◽  
The Asymmetry

Objective: To explore nasolabial movements in participants with repaired cleft lip and palate. Design: A parallel, three-group, nonrandomized clinical trial. Subjects: Group 1 = 31 participants with a cleft lip slated for revision surgery (revision), group 2 = 32 participants with a cleft lip who did not have surgery (nonrevision), and group 3 = 37 noncleft control participants. Methods: Three-dimensional movements were assessed using a video-based tracking system that captured movement of 38 landmarks placed at specific sites on the face during instructed maximum smile, cheek puff, lip purse, mouth opening, and natural smile. Measurements were made at two time points at least 1 week and no greater than 3 months apart. Summary measurements were generated for the magnitude of upper lip, lower lip, and lower jaw movements and the asymmetry of upper lip movement. Separate regression models were fitted to each of the summary measurements. Results: Lateral movements of the upper lip were greater than vertical movements. Relative to the noncleft group, the revision and nonrevision groups demonstrated 6% to 28% less upper lip movements, with the smiles having the most restriction in movement and greater asymmetry of upper lip movement. Having an alveolar bone graft further increased the asymmetry, while a bilateral cleft lip decreased the asymmetry. Lower jaw movement caused a small increase in upper lip movement. Conclusions: The objective measurement of movement may be used as an outcome measure for cleft lip surgery.

Sagittal Position of the Left and Right Maxillary Segment in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Ras ◽  
Laura van Aalten ◽  
Arina Janse ◽  
Shell Mobers ◽  
Birte Prahl-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate left-right differences in the sagittal position of the maxillary segments in children with cleft lip and palate. Method: The sample consisted of children with operated cleft lip or cleft lip and alveolus [CL/CLA (n=16) mean age, 9.3 yr], operated unilateral cleft lip and palate [UCLP (n=27) mean age, 9.1 yr], and operated bilateral cleft lip and palate [ [BCLP(n = 17) mean age, 9.5 yr]. Computed tomography (CT) horizontal slices of the maxilla were obtained and used to determine the sagittal position of the left and right segment of the maxilla in relation to the mandibular rami and the cranial base. Significant effects were analyzed with multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA). Results and Conclusions: It was concluded that, in contrast to children having CL/CLA or UCLP, children with BCLP showed left-right differences in the sagittal position of the maxillary segments. The segment on the left side was more posteriorly positioned compared to the right side. Because the same results were obtained in relation to the mandibular rami as well as in relation to the cranial base, it can be assumed that the position of these rami are not affected by the different types of oral clefts.

Anterior Segmental Distraction for a Class III Maxillary Prosthetic Defect in a Cleft Palate Patient

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E Van Sickels ◽  
Behruz Abadi ◽  
Reed Attisha
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Maxillary Dentition ◽  
Partially Dentate ◽  
Palate Patient ◽  
Maxillary Distraction

Abstract Reconstruction of a partially dentate skeletal Class III patient who has had repair of a bilateral cleft lip and palate can be challenging. In this article we present our results with a segmental maxillary distraction to esthetically restore the support of the upper lip and functionally reconstruct the anterior maxillary dentition with implants. Prosthetic considerations were critical to determine the vector of distraction to achieve ideal results.

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