scholarly journals Discrimination of Spatial Distribution of Aquatic Organisms in a Coastal Ecosystem Using eDNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunbin Jo ◽  
Dong-Kyun Kim ◽  
Kiyun Park ◽  
Ihn-Sil Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Coastal Ecosystem ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Gwangyang Bay

The nonlinearity and complexity of coastal ecosystems often cause difficulties when analyzing spatial and temporal patterns of ecological traits. Environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring has provided an alternative to overcoming the aforementioned issues associated with classical monitoring. We determined aquatic community taxonomic composition using eDNA based on a meta-barcoding approach that characterizes the general ecological features in the Gwangyang Bay coastal ecosystem. We selected the V9 region of the 18S rDNA gene (18S V9), primarily because of its broad range among eukaryotes. Our results produced more detailed spatial patterns in the study area previously categorized (inner bay, main channel of the bay and outer bay) by Kim et al. (2019). Specifically, the outer bay zone was clearly identified by CCA using genus-level identification of aquatic organisms based on meta-barcoding data. We also found significant relationships between environmental factors. Therefore, eDNA monitoring based on meta-barcoding approach holds great potential as a complemental monitoring tool to identify spatial taxonomic distribution patterns in coastal areas.

The making of sedimentary DNA: Insights from distribution patterns of DNA in sediments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. Epp ◽  
Anan Ibrahim ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Lisa Gutbrod ◽  
Patrick Bartolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Initial Results

<p>Sedimentary ancient DNA has by now become a recognized source of information on past biodiversity change, but our understanding of its dynamics and taphonomy is still limited. While for environmental DNA in water, dedicated investigations on its provenance and degradation are being increasingly carried out, we know very little about sedimentary DNA, in particular with respect to aquatic organisms. We are therefore conducting investigations on the distribution of DNA in surface sediments and a short sediment core, with a focus on aquatic communities in the large and heterogeneous Lake Constance. Targeted organisms range from phyto- and zooplankton to fish and waterbirds. Initial results and comparison with sightings of rare species indicate that the DNA is not distributed uniformly or widely across the lake, especially for multicellular animals, but rather linked to the local presence of the organisms. This has implications for our understanding of how DNA enters the sediment and for paleoecological inferences derived from these records.</p>

scholarly journals Distribution Patterns of Ciliate Diversity in the South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
George B. McManus ◽  
Xiaofeng Lin ◽  
Honghui Huang ◽  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Oceanic Water ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Community Variation

Ciliates are abundant microplankton that are widely distributed in the ocean. In this paper, the distribution patterns of ciliate diversity in the South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed by compiling community data from previous publications. Based on morphological identification, a total of 592 ciliate species have been recorded in the SCS. The ciliate communities in intertidal, neritic and oceanic water areas were compared in terms of taxonomy, motility and feeding habit composition, respectively. Significant community variation was revealed among the three areas, but the difference between the intertidal area and the other two areas was more significant than that between neritic and oceanic areas. The distributions of ciliates within each of the three areas were also analyzed. In the intertidal water, the community was not significantly different among sites but did differ among habitat types. In neritic and oceanic areas, the spatial variation of communities among different sites was clearly observed. Comparison of communities by taxonomic and ecological traits (motility and feeding habit) indicated that these traits similarly revealed the geographical pattern of ciliates on a large scale in the SCS, but to distinguish the community variation on a local scale, taxonomic traits has higher resolution than ecological traits. In addition, we assessed the relative influences of environmental and spatial factors on assembly of ciliate communities in the SCS and found that environmental selection is the major process structuring the taxonomic composition in intertidal water, while spatial processes played significant roles in influencing the taxonomic composition in neritic and oceanic water. Among ecological traits, environmental selection had the most important impact on distributions.

scholarly journals Lake Phytoplankton Assemblage Altered by Irregularly Shaped PLA Body Wash Microplastics but Not by PS Calibration Beads

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2650
Author(s):  
Kiyoko Yokota ◽  
Marissa Mehlrose
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Assemblage ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Natural Phytoplankton

Microplastics are an emerging environmental pollutant, whose global ubiquity is becoming increasingly evident. Conventional wastewater treatment does not completely remove them, and there are growing concerns about microplastics in source water and post-treatment drinking water. Microplastics have been reported to alter the development, physiology, and behavior of various aquatic organisms; however, limited knowledge exists on their effect on natural phytoplankton communities. Many studies also use uniformly spherical plastic beads, while most scrub particles in consumer products and secondary microplastics in the environment have various shapes and sizes. We tested the effects of two types of microplastics, 50 µm polystyrene (PS) calibration beads and polylactic acid (PLA) plastic body wash scrub particles, and one type of plant-derived body wash scrub particle on a natural phytoplankton assemblage through a 7-day incubation experiment in a temperate, mesotrophic lake. The calibration beads and the plant-derived particles generally did not alter the taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton in the mesocosms, while the PLA body wash microplastics eliminated cryptophytes (p < 0.001) and increased chrysophytes (p = 0.041). Our findings demonstrate differential effects of irregularly shaped PLA body wash microplastics vs. PS calibration beads on lake phytoplankters and empirically support potential bottom-up alteration of the aquatic food web by secondary microplastics.

Microdistributions of filter-feeding caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in a regulated Rocky Mountain river

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal J. Voelz ◽  
J. V. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Mountain River ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Regulated Stream ◽  
Selection Of

A year-round study was conducted in the Blue River, Colorado, U.S.A., to examine microdistributions of the filter-feeding caddisflies Arctopsyche grandis and Brachycentrus occidentalis along a regulated stream environmental gradient. There was a well-defined longitudinal species replacement, with A. grandis reaching maximum densities 2.3 km below the impoundment and declining downstream as B. occidentalis increased. Arctopsyche grandis was often the only caddisfly found near the dam. The two species co-occurred at two downstream sites, with A. grandis numerically dominant 5.2 km below the impoundment and B. occidentalis at the farthest downstream site (11 km). Near the dam, where densities of filter-feeders were highest, there were significant relationships between individual rock surface area and the number of larvae during most sampling periods. Contrary to our predictions of selection of current-exposed microhabitats, both species occurred primarily on the bottom and lower lateral sides of rocks at all sites. Clumped distribution patterns in the absence of spatial segregation by size class suggests common microhabitat preferenda for species and instars. This use of similar spaces indicates that competitive displacement may occur, partially explaining the longitudinal distribution patterns. At a macroscale the reservoir-induced environmental alterations clearly limit the distribution of organisms, especially at sites directly below the impoundment. As the stream regains its preimpoundment character farther downstream, factors at a microscale may play a more important role in producing the distinct longitudinal distribution patterns.

scholarly journals A fauna de peixes nas bacias do norte do Espírito Santo, Brasil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Maria Sarmento-Soares ◽  
Ronaldo Fernando Martins-Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo

The hydrographic basins of northern Espírito Santo comprises the systems of Itaúnas and São Mateus rivers. The present work is part of a series of studies on the fish fauna along Espírito Santo’s river basins. Forty-nine geo-referred points in rivers and rivulets of the area were evaluated, 20 in the Itaúnas basin and 28 in São Mateus basin. The environment and the taxonomic composition of the fish fauna were documented at every point, reporting a total of 83 species, including 47 freshwater species and 36 marine, belonging to 35 families and 11 orders. Among the freshwater fish species, the Siluriformes predominated, with 20 species, followed by the Characiformes, with 17 species. The Atlantic forest of northern Espírito Santo, known as “floresta de tabuleiros”, was originally composed of ombrophylous forest as well as swamps, coastal sand dunes, and mangroves. With the suppression of native forests, the region has suffered from desertification, and environmental conditions are similar to the northeastern semiarid region, where the run-off waters are dispersed or intermittent. The loss of environmental quality along river valleys is associated with the need to reestablish riverine aquatic conditions. Exotic species and risks of introductions need further studies in these areas. Rare or endangered species whose distributional range has diminished in response to environmental changes may function as biological indicators. Potentially new species are identified, and regional endemism and distribution patterns for freshwater fishes are discussed.

scholarly journals Identifying and Predicting the Geographical Distribution Patterns of Oncomelania hupensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu ◽  
Li ◽  
Qiu ◽  
Xu ◽  
Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Oncomelania Hupensis ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Jianghan Plain ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease endemic to the tropics and subtropics, whose distribution depends on snail prevalence as determined by climatic and environmental factors. Here, dynamic spatial and temporal patterns of Oncomelania hupensis distributions were quantified using general statistics, global Moran’s I, and standard deviation ellipses, with Maxent modeling used to predict the distribution of habitat areas suitable for this snail in Gong’an County, a severely affected region of Jianghan Plain, China, based on annual average temperature, humidity of the climate, soil type, normalized difference vegetation index, land use, ditch density, land surface temperature, and digital elevation model variables; each variable’s contribution was tested using the jackknife method. Several key results emerged. First, coverage area of O. hupensis had changed little from 2007 to 2012, with some cities, counties, and districts alternately increasing and decreasing, with ditch and bottomland being the main habitat types. Second, although it showed a weak spatial autocorrelation, changing negligibly, there was a significant east–west gradient in the O. hupensis habitat area. Third, 21.9% of Gong’an County’s area was at high risk of snail presence; and ditch density, temperature, elevation, and wetting index contributed most to their occurrence. Our findings and methods provide valuable and timely insight for the control, monitoring, and management of schistosomiasis in China.

Clearer than mud? Using environmental DNA to track historical shifts in lake communities.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pearman ◽  
Laura Biessy ◽  
Georgia Thomson-Laing ◽  
Lizette Reyes ◽  
Claire Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Dna And Rna

&lt;p&gt;A continuous record of environmental history is stored in lake sediments providing an avenue to explore current and historical lake communities. Traditionally paleolimnological methods have focussed on macroscopic indicators (e.g. pollen, chronomids, diatoms) to investigate environmental changes but the application of environmental DNA techniques has enabled the investigation of microbial communities and other soft bodied organisms through time. The &amp;#8216;Our lakes&amp;#8217; health; past, present, future (Lakes380)&amp;#8217; project aims to combined traditional and molecular methods to explore shifts in biological communities over the last 1,000 years (pre-human arrival in New Zealand). Sediments cores have been collected from a wide diversity of lakes across New Zealand and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding approaches of both DNA and RNA applied to reveal how microbial community changes across time and especially in response to the arrival of humans and associated changes to the landscape and lake environments. We further investigate the changes in inferred metabolic potential of the microbial communities as the taxonomic composition of the lake differs over time. Finally, we combine these novel molecular methods with hyperspectral scanning and pollen data to increase the knowledge of changes in lake communities and identifying the timing of changes in lake health. The combination of methodologies provides a greater understanding of the environmental history of lake systems and will help to inform management decisions relating to the restoration and protection of lake health.&lt;/p&gt;

Spatial and temporal variation in species composition of ciliates communities (Alveolata, Ciliophora) from tropical urban and rural streams

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Machado Velho ◽  
Suzana de Fátima Rodrigues de Castro ◽  
Fernando Miranda Lansac-Tôha ◽  
Bianca Ramos Meira ◽  
Felipe Rafael de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Urban Streams ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Rural And Urban

The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns in species composition of ciliates, in rural streams, affected by agricultural activities, and urban streams, impacted by domestic wastewater. Samplings were taken in two different periods of the year, in the headwater, middle and mouth stretch of ten streams. We recorded 143 species of ciliates, distributed in 14 groups, standing out Hymenostomatia, Peritrichia and Hypotrichia. Our results showed significant spatial (between rural and urban streams) and, especially, temporal differences (between winter and summer periods) in the ciliates taxonomic composition. Such differences seem to be not related to the organic load that was quite similar among streams and periods sampled. Rather, the changes in ciliates composition are probably driving mainly by other enviromental variables such as resources, determined by the spatial diferences in light availability, and flow water velocity and discharge, which present high temporal dissimilarity.

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