scholarly journals Implementation of Battery Digital Twin: Approach, Functionalities and Benefits

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Soumya Singh ◽  
Max Weeber ◽  
Kai Peter Birke
Keyword(s):  
Second Life ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Behavioral Predictions ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Battery Industry

The concept of Digital Twin (DT) is widely explored in literature for different application fields because it promises to reduce design time, enable design and operation optimization, improve after-sales services and reduce overall expenses. While the perceived benefits strongly encourage the use of DT, in the battery industry a consistent implementation approach and quantitative assessment of adapting a battery DT is missing. This paper is a part of an ongoing study that investigates the DT functionalities and quantifies the DT-attributes across the life cycles phases of a battery system. The critical question is whether battery DT is a practical and realistic solution to meeting the growing challenges of the battery industry, such as degradation evaluation, usage optimization, manufacturing inconsistencies or second-life application possibility. Within the scope of this paper, a consistent approach of DT implementation for battery cells is presented, and the main functions of the approach are tested on a Doyle-Fuller-Newman model. In essence, a battery DT can offer improved representation, performance estimation, and behavioral predictions based on real-world data along with the integration of battery life cycle attributes. Hence, this paper identifies the efforts for implementing a battery DT and provides the quantification attribute for future academic or industrial research.

Application of Digital Twin Concept for Supercritical CO2 Off-Design Performance and Operation Analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Moroz ◽  
Maksym Burlaka ◽  
Tishun Zhang ◽  
Olga Altukhova
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Cycle Simulation

Abstract To date variety of supercritical CO2 cycles were proposed by numerous authors. Multiple small-scale tests performed, and a lot of supercritical CO cycle aspects studied. Currently, 3-10 MW-scale test facilities are being built. However, there are still several pieces of SCO2 technology with the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 3-5 and system modeling is one of them. The system modeling approach shall be sufficiently accurate and flexible, to be able to precisely predict the off-design and part-load operation of the cycle at both supercritical and condensing modes with diverse control strategies. System modeling itself implies the utilization of component models which are often idealized and may not provide a sufficient level of fidelity. Especially for prediction of off-design and part load supercritical CO2 cycle performance with near-critical compressor and transition to condensing modes with lower ambient temperatures, and other aspects of cycle operation under alternating grid demands and ambient conditions. In this study, the concept of a digital twin to predict off-design supercritical CO2 cycle performance is utilized. In particular, with the intent to have sufficient cycle simulation accuracy and flexibility the cycle simulation system with physics-based methods/modules were created for the bottoming 15.5 MW Power Generation Unit (PGU). The heat source for PGU is GE LM6000-PH DLE gas turbine. The PGU is a composite (merged) supercritical CO2 cycle with a high heat recovery rate, its design and the overall scheme are described in detail. The calculation methods utilized at cycle level and components’ level, including loss models with an indication of prediction accuracy, are described. The flowchart of the process of off-design performance estimation and data transfer between the modules as well. The comparison of the results obtained utilizing PGU digital twin with other simplified approaches is performed. The results of the developed digital twin utilization to optimize cycle control strategies and parameters to improve off-design cycle performance are discussed in detail.

P5669Clinical management of syncope patients guided by insertable cardiac monitors in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Moyson ◽  
A Verma ◽  
A Natale ◽  
A Amin ◽  
S Beinart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Clinical Action ◽  
Unexplained Syncope ◽  
Multi Center Study

Abstract Introduction Current European guidelines recommend the use of insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) in the early phase of evaluation for patients with recurrent, unexplained syncope and a likelihood of recurrence during the device battery life. The ongoing Reveal LINQ Registry collects real-world data on clinical actions guided by the insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) in these patients. Purpose To characterize ICM-guided diagnosis and treatment of syncope patients in Europe. Methods The Reveal LINQ Registry is a prospective, observational, multi-center study evaluating real-world performance of the ICM. Patients from European centres who had syncope indicated as the reason for ICM implant were included in the analysis. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to determine the percentage of patients receiving treatment. Results In total, 139 patients from 12 centres [Portugal (78); The Netherlands (30); Belgium (12); Italy (10); Germany (5); United Kingdom (4)] received an ICM to monitor for unexplained syncope and had at least one follow-up visit. The mean age was 61.2 and 51.1% were female. During a mean follow-up time of 11.2 months, 31 patients experienced at least one recurrent syncope event classified as: cardiac (9), vasovagal (4), idiopathic (8) and unknown (10). An arrhythmia was diagnosed in 14 (45.2%) patients with a recurrent event and clinical actions were taken in 12 (38.7%) patients (10 IPGs, and 2 AF ablations). Among patients without a recurrence, 25 (23.1%) had an arrhythmia diagnosed and 20 (18.5%) had a clinical action taken (13 therapeutic device implants, 4 ablations, and 3 medication changes). Overall, the rate of clinical actions was 32.6% after 18 months of ICM follow-up in the unexplained syncope population (Figure). Time to treatment Conclusion Clinical actions are taken in approximately one third of unexplained syncope patients monitored with an ICM after 18 months of follow up. Acknowledgement/Funding Medtronic

PP428 Rechargeable Versus Recharge-Free Sacral Neurostimulation: An Australian Health Economics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Rashmi Joglekar ◽  
Alexandra Cordato
Keyword(s):  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Australian Health

IntroductionSacral neuromodulation is a well-established therapy for urinary and fecal incontinence. Currently available sacral neurostimulators require replacement every three to five years due to battery depletion. New rechargeable sacral neurostimulators with a potential 15-year battery life now have regulatory approval in Australia. However, the initial outlay for the device is higher than for the predicate devices. Our objective was to assess the economic value of rechargeable devices, compared with recharge-free implants, and to identify the patients most likely to benefit from the introduction of this novel technology in Australia.MethodsThe Medicare database was reviewed to quantify populations likely to derive benefits from rechargeable technology. Cost minimization and budget impact analyses were conducted from a payer perspective. Cost inputs were derived from Medicare and the Private Hospital Data Bureau. Two scenarios were modeled comparing the three and five-year battery life of the recharge-free devices with 15 years for a rechargeable device. Sensitivity testing was conducted based on potential uptake and dropout rates (due to death, dementia, etc.).ResultsRechargeable neurostimulators were found to be dominant (cost-saving) in all modeled scenarios, facilitated by a reduction in the frequency of battery replacement procedures and their associated risks for patients. Rechargeability also facilitated higher power settings for optimal symptom control, without trading off device longevity. Younger patients are expected to derive the greatest benefit from the extended battery life as data showed that 40 percent of the implantations were for patients younger than 65 years. The key uncertainty in this analysis was the limited real-world data on patient selection and preferences, which may influence uptake and dropout rates.ConclusionsRechargeable sacral neurostimulators deliver cost savings to the healthcare system due to their extended battery life. Fewer replacement surgeries are an important patient-relevant outcome, especially for younger populations. This finding is important because it demonstrates the economic value of rechargeability to payers and provides robust evidence supporting therapy access for privately insured patients in Australia.

Finite-Amplitude Lagrangian-Mean Wave Activity Diagnostics Applied to the Baroclinic Eddy Life Cycle

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 3013-3027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Solomon ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Wave Breaking ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Finite Amplitude ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Life Cycles

Abstract Lagrangian-mean wave activity diagnostics are applied to the nonlinear baroclinic eddy life cycle in a simple general circulation model of the atmosphere. The growth of these instabilities through baroclinic conversion of potential temperature gradients and their subsequent barotropic decay can exhibit two distinct life cycles. One life cycle results in equatorward propagation of the growing eddy, anticyclonic wave breaking, and a poleward shift of the mean jet. The second life cycle is distinguished by limited equatorward propagation and cyclonic wave breaking on the poleward flank of the jet. Using a conservative finite-amplitude, Lagrangian-mean wave activity (negative pseudomomentum) to quantify wave growth and propagation reveals more details about the life cycles than could be discerned from eddy kinetic energy (EKE) or other Eulerian metrics. It is shown that the distribution of pseudomomentum relative to the latitude of the axis of the jet can be used to provide a clear distinction between the two life cycles at an early stage in their development and, hence, a prediction for the subsequent shift of the jet. This suggests that the distribution of pseudomomentum may provide some predictability for the atmospheric annular modes.

Material Property Determination of Vibration Fatigued DMLS and Cold-Rolled Nickel Alloys

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onome Scott-Emuakpor ◽  
Tommy George ◽  
Joseph Beck ◽  
Jeremy Schwartz ◽  
Casey Holycross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Inconel Alloys ◽  
Cold Rolled

An experimental procedure for qualifying material properties from cyclically worked parts was investigated in support of aging gas turbine engines and digital twin initiatives. For aging components, remanufacturing or repair efforts are necessary to sustain the life cycles of engines; and for digital twin, the virtual representation of a part requires accurate geometric and component material property measurement. Therefore, having an effective, non-destructive way to assess the material performance of parts is necessary. Since low cycle, low strain, mechanical testing is the ideal experimental approach for non-destructively assessing material properties, investigating the accuracy and trends of tensile properties of fatigue loaded parts was important. The fatigued parts used for this study were specimens tested according to the George Fatigue Method, and the materials observed were cold-rolled Inconel Alloys 625 and 718, and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) Nickel Alloy 718. The tensile material properties were compared against pristine (non-fatigued) and published data. The comparison for the cold-rolled 625 and 718 results show an increase and a decrease, depending on rolling direction, of tensile strength due to the effects of fatigue cycles; however, the variation of the vibration affected tensile properties are all within one standard deviation of the pristine data. The comparisons of DMLS Nickel Alloys was conducted against two sets of alloys from different suppliers, and the results showed that the tensile properties are sensitive to DMLS manufacturing parameters and post-sintering processes. A digital twin related, nondestructive, material property determination technique is also discussed in this manuscript. The true alloy density was determined with the water displacement method, and elastic modulus is determined with an iterative Ritz method model. The modulus is under-predicted with this method, but suggestions for improving the model are discussed.

Postembryonic development of certain tetraphyllidean and trypanorhynchan cestodes with a possible alternative life cycle for the order Trypanorhyncha

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1249-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight R. Mudry ◽  
Murray D. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Life Cycles

Development of metacestode stages obtained from experimental infection of copepods (Tigriopus californiens) with one species of tetraphyllidean (Acanthobothrium olseni) and two species of trypanorhynchs (Lacistorhynchus tenuis and Parachristianella monomegacantha) is described. Both A. olseni and L. tenuis produced procercoids lacking a cercomer. The procercoid of A. olseni had paired dorsal and ventral osmoregulatory canals which connected to the exterior both laterally and at the posterior end, while those of L. tenuis emptied only posteriorly. A procercoid was not produced by P. monomegacantha; instead development continued to an immature plerocercus stage with developing proboscides and bothridia.The contrasting metacestode stages of the trypanorhynchs L. tenuis and P. monomegacantha indicates the possibility of two different life cycles in this group. One, in which a procercoid develops, requires a teleost intermediate host as well as a crustacean intermediate host. The second life cycle would require only a microphagous crustacean intermediate host in which a plerocercus stage infective to elasmobranchs may develop.

scholarly journals Digital twins for managing railway maintenance and resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sakdirat Kaewunruen ◽  
Jessada Sresakoolchai ◽  
Yi-hsuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Railway Maintenance ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Background: To improve railway construction and maintenance, a novel digital twin that helps stakeholders visualize, share data, and monitor the progress and the condition during services is required. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a digitalization tool, which adopts an interoperable concept that benefits the whole life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the project. BIM’s applications create higher performance on cost efficiency and optimal time schedule, helping to reduce any unexpected consumption and waste over the life cycle of the infrastructure. Methods: The digital twin will be developed using BIM embedded by the lifecycle analysis method. A case study based on Taipei Metro (TM) has been conducted to enhance the performance in operation and maintenance. Life cycles of TM will be assessed and complied with ISO14064. Operation and maintenance activities will be determined from official records provided by TM. Material flows, stocks, and potential risks in the LCA are analyzed using BIM quantification embedded by risk data layer obtained from TM. Greenhouse emission, cost consumption and expenditure will be considered for integration into the BIM. Results: BIM demonstrated strong potential to enable a digital twin for managing railway maintenance and resilience. Based on the case study, a key challenge for BIM in Taiwan is the lack of insights, essential data, and construction standards, and thus the practical adoption of BIM for railway maintenance and resilience management is still in the design phase. Conclusions: This study exhibits a practical paradigm of the digital twin for railway maintenance and resilience improvement. It will assist all stakeholders to engage in the design, construction, and maintenance enhancing the reduction in life cycle cost, energy consumption and carbon footprint. New insight based on the Taipei Mass Rapid Transit system is highly valuable for railway industry globally by increasing the lifecycle sustainability and improving resilience of railway systems.

scholarly journals Can a Byte Improve Our Bite? An Analysis of Digital Twins in the Food Industry

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Elia Henrichs ◽  
Tanja Noack ◽  
Ana María Pinzon Pinzon Piedrahita ◽  
María Alejandra Salem ◽  
Johnathan Stolz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Production Agriculture ◽  
Growing Population

The food industry faces many challenges, including the need to feed a growing population, food loss and waste, and inefficient production systems. To cope with those challenges, digital twins that create a digital representation of physical entities by integrating real-time and real-world data seem to be a promising approach. This paper aims to provide an overview of digital twin applications in the food industry and analyze their challenges and potentials. Therefore, a literature review is executed to examine digital twin applications in the food supply chain. The applications found are classified according to a taxonomy and key elements to implement digital twins are identified. Further, the challenges and potentials of digital twin applications in the food industry are discussed. The survey revealed that the application of digital twins mainly targets the production (agriculture) or the food processing stage. Nearly all applications are used for monitoring and many for prediction. However, only a small amount focuses on the integration in systems for autonomous control or providing recommendations to humans. The main challenges of implementing digital twins are combining multidisciplinary knowledge and providing enough data. Nevertheless, digital twins provide huge potentials, e.g., in determining food quality, traceability, or designing personalized foods.

Environmental trade-offs across cascading lithium-ion battery life cycles

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirti Richa ◽  
Callie W. Babbitt ◽  
Nenad G. Nenadic ◽  
Gabrielle Gaustad
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Trade Offs

Data Set: 187 Weeks of Customer Forecasts and Orders for Microprocessors from Intel Corporation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Manary ◽  
Sean P. Willems
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Intel Corporation ◽  
Product Evolution

Problem definition: This data set contains 187 consecutive weeks of Intel microprocessor demand information for all five distribution centers in one of its five sales geographies. For every stock keeping unit (SKU) at every location, the weekly forecasted demand and actual customer orders are provided as well as the SKU’s average selling price category. These data are provided by week and by distribution center, producing 26,114 records in total. Academic/practical relevance: The 86 SKUs in the data set span five product generations. It provides years of product evolution across generations and price points. Methodology: As a data set paper, its purpose is to provide interesting and rich real-world data for researchers developing forecasting, inventory, pricing, and product assortment models. Results: The data set demonstrates the presence of significant forecast bias, heterogeneity of forecast errors between distribution centers, generational differences, product life cycles, and pricing dynamics. Managerial implications: This data set provides access to a rich pricing and sales setting from a major corporation that has not been made available before.

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