scholarly journals Fluorescent Soybean Hairy Root Construction and Its Application in the Soybean—Nematode Interaction: An Investigation

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Ruowei Yang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Xiaowen Yang ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhu ◽  
Haiyan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Transgenic Soybean ◽  
Soybean Transformation ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Additional Resistance

Background: The yield of soybean is limited by the soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines). Soybean transformation plays a key role in gene function research but the stable genetic transformation of soybean usually takes half a year. Methods: Here, we constructed a vector, pNI-GmUbi, in an Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated soybean hypocotyl transformation to induce fluorescent hairy roots (FHRs). Results: We describe the operation of FHR-SCN, a fast, efficient and visual operation pathosystem to study the gene functions in the soybean-SCN interaction. With this method, FHRs were detected after 25 days in 4 cultivars (Williams 82, Zhonghuang 13, Huipizhiheidou and Peking) and at least 66.67% of the composite plants could be used to inoculate SCNs. The demographics of the SCN could be started 12 days post-SCN inoculation. Further, GmHS1pro-1 was overexpressed in the FHRs and GmHS1pro-1 provided an additional resistance in Williams 82. In addition, we found that jasmonic acid and JA-Ile increased in the transgenic soybean, implying that the resistance was mainly caused by affecting the content of JA and JA-Ile. Conclusions: In this study, we established a pathosystem, FHR-SCN, to verify the functional genes in soybeans and the SCN interaction. We also verified that GmHS1pro-1 provides additional resistance in both FHRs and transgenic soybeans, and the resistance may be caused by an increase in JA and JA-Ile contents.

scholarly journals Transgenic soybean overexpressing Gm SAMT 1 exhibits resistance to multiple‐ HG types of soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2100-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Lin ◽  
Mitra Mazarei ◽  
Nan Zhao ◽  
Catherine N. Hatcher ◽  
Wegi A. Wuddineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Transgenic Soybean

scholarly journals Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Rocha ◽  
Karla L. Gage ◽  
Mirian F. Pimentel ◽  
Jason P. Bond ◽  
Ahmad M. Fakhoury
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Sites Of Action

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system.

AAC Richard Soybean

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangfu Yu ◽  
Lorna Woodrow ◽  
M. Chun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
High Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L

AAC Richard is a food grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] cultivar with yellow hilum, high protein concentration, and good processing quality for foreign and domestic soymilk, tofu, and miso markets. It has resistance to SCN (soybean cyst nematode) (Heterodera Glycines Ichinohe). AAC Richard was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Harrow Research and Development Centre (Harrow-RDC), Harrow, Ontario and is adapted to areas of southwest Ontario with 3100 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

scholarly journals Taxonomic Resolution of the Nematophagous Fungal Isolate ARF18 via Genome Sequencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Alex Z. Zaccaron ◽  
John B. Ridenour ◽  
Amy Bradshaw ◽  
Terry L. Kirkpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution

ABSTRACT The taxonomically uncharacterized nematophagous fungus ARF18, which parasitizes cysts, juveniles, and adults of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines), was proposed as a nematode biological control agent in 1991. A 46.3-Mb draft genome sequence of this fungus is presented, and a tentative taxonomic identification as a novel species of Brachyphoris is proposed.

scholarly journals The genome of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) reveals complex patterns of duplications involved in the evolution of parasitism genes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Masonbrink ◽  
Tom R. Maier ◽  
Usha Muppiral ◽  
Arun S. Seetharam ◽  
Etienne Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Parasitism Genes ◽  
Nematode Genomes

AbstractHeterodera glycines, commonly referred to as the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), is an obligatory and sedentary plant parasite that causes over a billion-dollar yield loss to soybean production annually. Although there are genetic determinants that render soybean plants resistant to certain nematode genotypes, resistant soybean cultivars are increasingly ineffective because their multi-year usage has selected for virulentH. glycinespopulations. The parasitic success ofH. glycinesrelies on the comprehensive re-engineering of an infection site into a syncytium, as well as the long-term suppression of host defense to ensure syncytial viability. At the forefront of these complex molecular interactions are effectors, the proteins secreted byH. glycinesinto host root tissues. The mechanisms of effector acquisition, diversification, and selection need to be understood before effective control strategies can be developed, but the lack of an annotated genome has been a major roadblock. Here, we use PacBio long-read technology to assemble aH. glycinesgenome of 738 contigs into 123Mb with annotations for 29,769 genes. The genome contains significant numbers of repeats (34%), tandem duplicates (18.7Mb), and horizontal gene transfer events (151 genes). Using previously published effector sequences, the newly generatedH. glycinesgenome, and comparisons to other nematode genomes, we investigate the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the emergence and diversification of effector genes.

Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Populations in North Dakota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intiaz Amin Chowdhury ◽  
Guiping Yan ◽  
Addison Plaisance ◽  
sam markell
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
First Time ◽  
Primary Strategy

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) continues to be the greatest threat to soybean production in the United States. Since host resistance is the primary strategy used to control SCN, knowledge of SCN virulence phenotypes (HG types) is necessary for choosing sources of resistance for SCN management. To characterize SCN virulence phenotypes in North Dakota (ND), a total of 419 soybean fields across 22 counties were sampled during 2015, 2016, and 2017. SCN was detected in 42% of the fields sampled and population densities in these samples ranged from 30 to 92,800 eggs and juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil. The SCN populations from some of the infested fields were virulence phenotyped with seven soybean indicator lines and a susceptible check (Barnes) using the HG type tests. Overall, 73 SCN field populations were successfully virulence phenotyped. The HG types detected in ND were HG type 0 (frequency rate: 36%), 7 (27%), 2.5.7 (19%), 5.7 (11%), 1.2.5.7 (4%), and 2.7 (2%). However, prior to this study only HG type 0 was detected in ND. The designation of each of the HG types detected was then validated in this study by repeating the HG type tests for thirty-three arbitrarily selected samples. This research for the first time reports several new HG types detected in ND and confirms that the virulence of SCN populations is shifting and overcoming resistance, highlighting the necessity of utilization of different resistance sources, rotation of resistance sources, and identification of novel resistance sources for SCN management in ND.

The soybean cyst nematode: pervasive and destructive to soybean production in the mid-western United States.

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Future Outlook ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Abstract This chapter focuses on the economic importance, host range, geographical distribution, damage symptoms and biology and life cycle of the soyabean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, a pervasive and destructive pest to soyabean production in the mid-western USA. Some information on its interaction with other plant pathogens, the efficacy and optimization of some recommended integrated nematode management practices and future outlook and research requirements are also presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document