scholarly journals A Possible Path towards Rapid Development of Live-Attenuated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Plunging into the Natural Pool

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
German Todorov ◽  
Vladimir N. Uversky
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Life Threatening

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spreading around the world, causing massive distress to the world’s economy and affecting healthcare systems worldwide. Although some exposed individuals have no symptoms and most symptomatic infections are not severe, COVID-19 cases span a wide spectrum, ranging from mild to critical and sometimes resulting in life-threatening complications, such as pneumonia, severe respiratory distress and cardiac problems. Currently, there is no curative drug for COVID-19 and vaccines are still under development. We are presenting here a strategy for the fast development of natural live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Our proposed approach is based on screening for, identifying, analyzing and selecting naturally attenuated yet highly immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 strains, which may lead to a shorter cycle of vaccine development, as well as higher vaccine effectiveness.

Digital credential infrastructure: gateways to the future of medicine (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Brogan ◽  
Henry Goodier ◽  
Manreet Nijjar ◽  
Christian Rose
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Critical Moment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

UNSTRUCTURED The current credentialing process for physicians struggled to accommodate fluctuating regional demands for providers during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. This hurdle highlighted existing inefficiencies and difficulties facing healthcare systems across the world and led us to explore how credentialing can be improved using digital technologies. We explain how this is a critical moment to make the shift from physical to digital credentials by specifying how a digital credentialing system could simplify onboarding for providers, enable secure expansion of telehealth services, and enhance information exchange.

Rapid development of severe respiratory distress due to a vallecular cyst in a 3-day-old infant

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Sugiyama ◽  
Atsushi Kamijo ◽  
Koki Aoyama ◽  
Yumi Kuroda ◽  
Keisuke Masuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress

scholarly journals COVID 19; A SURGICAL PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contagious Disease ◽  
The World

The novel corona virus disease started  at Wuhan  in Hubei province of China as pneumonia of unknown origin  and it was found that  the causative organism of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) was Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus –type 2 (SARS-CoV-2).  Healthcare systems all over the world nearly collapsed due to unprecedented spread of the virus and the disease, COVID-19 was notified as a pandemic by WHO on March 11,2020.1,2  Until October 2020 more than 37 million cases and more than one million deaths have been reported worldwide from this highly contagious disease.

scholarly journals The crystal structure of nsp10-nsp16 heterodimer from SARS-CoV-2 in complex with S-adenosylmethionine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Rosas-Lemus ◽  
George Minasov ◽  
Ludmilla Shuvalova ◽  
Nicole L. Inniss ◽  
Olga Kiryukhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Structural Genomics ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Viral Mrna ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Mrna Transcripts ◽  
The World ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is a member of the coronaviridae family and is the etiological agent of the respiratory Coronavirus Disease 2019. The virus has spread rapidly around the world resulting in over two million cases and nearly 150,000 deaths as of April 17, 2020. Since no treatments or vaccines are available to treat COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, respiratory complications derived from the infections have overwhelmed healthcare systems around the world. This virus is related to SARS-CoV-1, the virus that caused the 2002-2004 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. In January 2020, the Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases implemented a structural genomics pipeline to solve the structures of proteins essential for coronavirus replication-transcription. Here we show the first structure of the SARS-CoV-2 nsp10-nsp16 2’-O-methyltransferase complex with S-adenosylmethionine at a resolution of 1.80 Å. This heterodimer complex is essential for capping viral mRNA transcripts for efficient translation and to evade immune surveillance.

Recent development of 3C and 3CL protease inhibitors for anti-coronavirus and anti-picornavirus drug discovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1371-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ramajayam ◽  
Kian-Pin Tan ◽  
Po-Huang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
3C Protease ◽  
The World ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Dual Inhibitors ◽  
3Cl Protease

SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) caused infection of ~8000 people and death of ~800 patients around the world during the 2003 outbreak. In addition, picornaviruses such as enterovirus, coxsackievirus and rhinovirus also can cause life-threatening diseases. Replication of picornaviruses and coronaviruses requires 3Cpro (3C protease) and 3CLpro (3C-like protease) respectively, which are structurally analogous with chymotrypsin-fold, but the former is a monomer and the latter is dimeric due to an extra third domain for dimerization. Subtle structural differences in the S2 and S3 pockets of these proteases make inhibitors selective, but some dual inhibitors have been discovered. Our findings as summarized in the present review provide new potential anti-coronavirus and anti-picornavirus therapeutic agents and a clue to convert 3CLpro inhibitors into 3Cpro inhibitors and vice versa.

scholarly journals Prospects of Replication-Deficient Adenovirus Based Vaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Garofalo ◽  
Monika Staniszewska ◽  
Stefano Salmaso ◽  
Paolo Caliceti ◽  
Katarzyna Wanda Pancer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Sars Coronavirus ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Support Research

The current appearance of the new SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it quickly spreading across the world poses a global health emergency. The serious outbreak position is affecting people worldwide and requires rapid measures to be taken by healthcare systems and governments. Vaccinations represent the most effective strategy to prevent the epidemic of the virus and to further reduce morbidity and mortality with long-lasting effects. Nevertheless, currently there are no licensed vaccines for the novel coronaviruses. Researchers and clinicians from all over the world are advancing the development of a vaccine against novel human SARS-CoV-2 using various approaches. Herein, we aim to present and discuss the progress and prospects in the field of vaccine research towards SARS-CoV-2 using adenovirus (AdV) replication deficient-based strategies, with a comprehension that may support research and combat this recent world health emergency.

scholarly journals Renal complications in coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taichiro Minami ◽  
Yasunori Iwata ◽  
Takashi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication

AbstractThe world today is facing a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which mainly causes a respiratory disease known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, its pathogenesis and complications should be identified and understood. SARS-CoV-2 infects the host using the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its receptor, which is expressed in several organs including the lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestines. Kidney complications are relatively common, and acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication in patients with COVID-19. In this review, the renal histological patterns of COVID-19 are described in detail, and its potential mechanisms associated with AKI are discussed.

Rhinosporidiosis of trachea: a clinical cause for concern

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Arora ◽  
R Gupta ◽  
Amit Kumar Dinda
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
Emergency Tracheostomy ◽  
Bronchoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractBackground:Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous infection usually affecting the nasal mucosa and conjunctiva. The disease is widely prevalent in India and Sri Lanka. Tracheo-bronchial involvement is extremely rare and is potentially life threatening. Diagnosis of tracheal involvement is a challenge due to the risk of bleeding during attempted bronchoscopic biopsy.Case:A 73-year-old man was admitted with severe respiratory distress, for which emergency tracheostomy was performed. At tracheostomy, a fleshy mass was seen emerging from the wound. Pathological examination of the mass confirmed rhinosporidiosis involving the trachea. Complete excision of the mass was performed after initial stabilisation of the patient.Conclusion:Tracheo-bronchial rhinosporidiosis, a rare complication of nasopharyngeal infection, should be considered in a known case presenting with severe respiratory distress.

Current therapies under investigation for COVID-19: potential COVID-19 treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 483-489
Author(s):  
Ellen Weisberg ◽  
Martin Sattler ◽  
Priscilla L. Yang ◽  
Alexander Parent ◽  
Nathanael Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Characteristic Features

In response to the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), researchers are expeditiously searching for antiviral treatments able to alleviate the symptoms of infection, which can be life-threatening. Here, we provide a general overview of what is currently known about the structure and characteristic features of SARS-CoV-2, some of which could potentially be exploited for the purposes of antiviral therapy and vaccine development. This minireview also covers selected and noteworthy antiviral agents/supportive therapy out of hundreds of drugs that are being repurposed or tested as potential treatments for COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in 2020 – a look back from NHS frontline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Smith ◽  
Toni Collier ◽  
Karen Dixon ◽  
Morenike Adebusuyi ◽  
Tonye Sikabofori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 defined our world in 2020. In over a year since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, on 11th March 2020, over 130 million people have contracted the virus worldwide, of whom 2.9 million have died. Healthcare systems have weathered unprecedented stresses, but the modern medical and technological advances have come up with vaccines within a year of the WHO declaration. Consequently, as healthcare workers look forward to more normal and less stressful times, some United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) colleagues have had a retrospective look at their experiences at the beginning of the pandemic.

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