Glutathione-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity against Periodontal Bacteria, and Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Response in Oral Cells

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been proposed as new alternatives to limit bacterial dental plaque because of their antimicrobial activity. Novel glutathione-stabilized silver nanoparticles (GSH-AgNPs) have proven powerful antibacterial properties in food manufacturing processes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of GSH-AgNPs for the prevention/treatment of oral infectious diseases. First, the antimicrobial activity of GSH-AgNPs against three oral pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus mutans) was evaluated. Results demonstrated the efficiency of GSH-AgNPs in inhibiting the growth of all bacteria, especially S. mutans (IC50 = 23.64 μg/mL, Ag concentration). Second, GSH-AgNPs were assayed for their cytotoxicity (i.e., cell viability) toward a human gingival fibroblast cell line (HGF-1), as an oral epithelial model. Results indicated no toxic effects of GSH-AgNPs at low concentrations (≤6.16 µg/mL, Ag concentration). Higher concentrations resulted in losing cell viability, which followed the Ag accumulation in cells. Finally, the inflammatory response in the HGF-1 cells after their exposure to GSH-AgNPs was measured as the production of immune markers (interleukins 6 and 8 (IL-6 and IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)). GSH-AgNPs activates the inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts, increasing the production of cytokines. These findings provide new insights for the use of GSH-AgNPs in dental care and encourage further studies for their application.

Download Full-text

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Mala aluation of Malaysian K ysian Kelulut Hone elulut Honey on Human y on Human Gingival Fibr al Fibroblast Cell Line using M oblast Cell Line using MTT Assay

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia ◽

10.14693/jdi.v28i2.1244 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Chee Zi Yun ◽

◽

Nurul Hafizah Mohd Nor ◽

Zurairah Berahim ◽

Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Cell Line ◽

Mtt Assay ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

P Value ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Growth Media ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Fibroblast Cell Line ◽

Time Points

Kelulut honey or stingless bee honey is a type of honey produced by stingless bees of the Trigona species where the nest is found in living trees. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of Malaysian Kelulut honey by employing MTT assay on a human gingival fibroblast cell line. Methods: Human gingival fibroblast cell line was cultured in minimal essential medium alpha (α-MEM) with 10% foetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere. The cells were seeded at a cell density of 5x103 cells/well in a 96-well culture plate for 24 hours. The cells were treated with seven different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, and 3.125mg/ml) of Malaysian Kelulut honey and incubated in a CO2 incubator. The negative control comprised cells treated with growth media alone. The cell viability was assessed using MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The test plate was shaken using a microplate shaker and the absorbance of the solution was measured at 570nm using an ELISA reader with the Magellan software. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using Kruskal-Wallis test and SPSS 24.0.0 for Windows. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was no cytotoxic effect of Malaysian Kelulut honey on HGF-1 based on the MTT assay at different concentrations and at different time points tested as the cell viability was above 70%. The highest percentage of cell viability at all three different durations of treatment were observed at 3.125mg/ml, whereas the lowest cell viability was observed at 200mg/ml of Kelulut honey concentration. However, statistically significant differences were seen between some of the concentrations at various time points. Conclusion: Since the cell viability of HGF-1 treated with Malaysian Kelulut honey was more than 70% at all concentrations ranging from 3.125mg/ml to 200mg/ml at three different time points (24, 48 and 72 hours), Malaysian Kelulut honey can be considered as non-cytotoxic on human gingival fibroblasts based on MTT assay under the present test conditions

Download Full-text

Cytotoxicity evaluation of fungal-derived silver nanoparticles on human gingival fibroblast cell line: An in vitro study

Journal of Conservative Dentistry ◽

10.4103/jcd.jcd_518_18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 160 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

KiranR Halkai ◽

JayashreeA Mudda ◽

Vasundhara Shivanna ◽

Veena Patil ◽

Vandana Rathod ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Line ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Fibroblast Cell Line

Download Full-text

Effect of the Compositions on the Biocompatibility of New Alumina–Zirconia–Titania Dental Ceramic Composites

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13061374 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1374 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amani Khaskhoussi ◽

Luigi Calabrese ◽

Monica Currò ◽

Riccardo Ientile ◽

Jamel Bouaziz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Cell Viability ◽

High Performance ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Water Contact ◽

Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽

Living Tissues

Dental implant biomaterials are expected to be in contact with living tissues, therefore their toxicity and osseointegration ability must be carefully assessed. In the current study, the wettability, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of different alumina–zirconia–titania composites were evaluated. The surface wettability determines the biological event cascade in the bioceramic/human living tissues interface. The measured water contact angle indicated that the wettability strongly depends on the ceramic composition. Notwithstanding the contact angle variability, the ceramic surfaces are hydrophilic. The cytotoxicity of human gingival fibroblast cells with materials, evaluated by an (3-(4,5 methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, revealed an absence of any cytotoxic effect. A relationship was found between the cell viability and the wettability. It was subsequently deduced that the cell viability increases when the wettability increases. This effect is more pronounced when the titania content is higher. Finally, a comet test was applied as complementary biocompatibility test to detect any changes in fibroblast cell DNA. The results showed that the DNA damage is intimately related to the TiO2 content. Genotoxicity was mainly attributed to ceramic composites containing 10 wt.% TiO2. Our research revealed that the newly developed high performance alumina–zirconia–titania ceramic composites contain less than 10 wt.% TiO2, and display promising surface properties, making them suitable for dental implantology applications.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial properties and human gingival fibroblast cell compatibility of TiO2/Ag compound coatings and ZnO films on titanium-based material

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-010-0504-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 95-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Yin-Yu Chang ◽

Chih-Ho Lai ◽

Jui-Ting Hsu ◽

Chih-Hsin Tang ◽

Wan-Chuen Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

Zno Films ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Cell Compatibility ◽

Compound Coatings

Download Full-text

Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Cowpea-Porous-Starch-Formulated Silver Nanoparticles

Journal of Nanotechnology ◽

10.1155/2021/5525690 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Shiara Ramdath ◽

John Mellem ◽

Londiwe Simphiwe Mbatha

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Viability ◽

High Dose ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Biosynthesized Agnps

Health issues involving inadequate treatment of diseases such as cancer and microbial infections continue to be the subject of much ongoing recent research. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Zeta Sizer, Ultraviolet (UV), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Their antimicrobial activity was evaluated on selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, using the disc diffusion and broth dilution assays. Cell viability profiles were evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and apoptosis studies on selected human noncancer and cancer cells. The biosynthesized AgNPs were evaluated to be spherical clusters, with sizes between 40 and 70 nm. The absorption peak at 423 nm and the presence of polyphenols confirmed the synthesis and stabilization of these tested AgNPs. The AgNPs showed a good stability of −23.9 ± 1.02 mV. Good antimicrobial activity (6.0–18.0 mm) was seen on all tested bacteria at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 5 to 16 μg/ml, with the highest activity seen against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (18 ± 0.5 mm), and the lowest activity was seen against Gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes (6.0 ± 0.4 mm) after treatment with the AgNPs. These NPs showed a concentration-dependent and cell-specific cytotoxicity with low IC50 values (41.7, 56.3, and 63.8 μg/ml). The NPs were well tolerated by tested cells as indicated by a more than 50% cell viability at the high dose tested and low apoptotic indices (<0.2). These findings indicated that these biosynthesized AgNPs showed great potential as effective antibacterial agents and anticancer drug delivery modalities.

Download Full-text

The Application of a Recombinant Antimicrobial Peptide of Thrombocidin-1 expressed in Pichia pastoris as a Novel Approach Against Some Oral Pathogenic Bacteria: An In-vitro Study

Protein and Peptide Letters ◽

10.2174/0929866528666211126161928 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Forouzanfar ◽

Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour ◽

Majid Akbari ◽

Reza Beyraghshamshir ◽

Abbas Tanhaeian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pichia Pastoris ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Fibroblast Cells ◽

Oral Infections ◽

Oral Pathogens

Objective: Oral infections and dental caries are considered serious health problems. Therefore, searching for new agents with antimicrobial properties seems to be crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the recombinant Thrombocidin-1 [TC-1] peptide on some oral pathogens. Also, the cytotoxicity of this peptide on human gingival fibroblast cells was investigated. Methods & Materials: In this study, Pichia pastoris was used for the expression of recombinant TC-1. The microbroth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bacterial concentration [MBC]. It tested against four main oral pathogens; Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, and Enterococcus faecalis. Moreover, the cytotoxicity analysis was done on gingival fibroblast cells by the MTT method. The data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] and Tukey’s HSD tests. Results: The most bactericidal effect of TC-1 was against S. salivarius, the highest bacteriostatic effect was against S. salivarius, and S. oralis had the lowest MIC value of 1.512 μg/ml. The Thrombocidin-1 peptide showed lower antibacterial properties against E. faecalis compared with CHX, unlike the stronger antimicrobial effect on examined streptococci. According to cytotoxicity examination, no concentration of TC-1 presented over 50% growth inhibition [IC50] of the fibroblasts cells. Conclusion: Based on antimicrobial tests and cytotoxicity results, the Thrombocidin-1 peptide may be useful as a safe antibacterial agent against some oral pathogens in dental materials.

Download Full-text

Early Biofilm Formation on UV Light Activated Nanoporous TiO2SurfacesIn Vivo

International Journal of Biomaterials ◽

10.1155/2018/7275617 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagat Areid ◽

Eva Söderling ◽

Johanna Tanner ◽

Ilkka Kangasniemi ◽

Timo O. Närhi

Keyword(s):

Titanium Alloy ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Uv Light ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Biofilm Development

Purpose. To explore earlyS. mutansbiofilm formation on hydrothermally induced nanoporous TiO2surfacesin vivoand to examine the effect of UV light activation on the biofilm development.Materials and Methods. Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy discs (n = 40) were divided into four groups with different surface treatments: noncoated titanium alloy (NC); UV treated noncoated titanium alloy (UVNC); hydrothermally induced TiO2coating (HT); and UV treated titanium alloy with hydrothermally induced TiO2coating (UVHT).In vivoplaque formation was studied in 10 healthy, nonsmoking adult volunteers. Titanium discs were randomly distributed among the maxillary first and second molars. UV treatment was administered for 60 min immediately before attaching the discs in subjects’ molars. Plaque samples were collected 24h after the attachment of the specimens. Mutans streptococci (MS), non-mutans streptococci, and total facultative bacteria were cultured, and colonies were counted.Results. The plaque samples of NC (NC + UVNC) surfaces showed over 2 times more oftenS. mutanswhen compared to TiO2surfaces (HT + UVHT), with the number of colonized surfaces equal to 7 and 3, respectively.Conclusion. Thisin vivostudy suggested that HT TiO2surfaces, which we earlier showed to improve blood coagulation and encourage human gingival fibroblast attachmentin vitro, do not enhance salivary microbial (mostly mutans streptococci) adhesion and initial biofilm formation when compared with noncoated titanium alloy. UV light treatment provided Ti-6Al-4V surfaces with antibacterial properties and showed a trend towards less biofilm formation when compared with non-UV treated titanium surfaces.

Download Full-text