scholarly journals Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras

Biomimetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Gary K. Nave ◽  
Nathaniel Hall ◽  
Katrina Somers ◽  
Brock Davis ◽  
Hope Gruszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
High Wind ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Dispersal Behavior ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Experimental Trials

Maple trees (genus Acer) accomplish the task of distributing objects to a wide area by producing seeds, known as samaras, which are carried by the wind as they autorotate and slowly descend to the ground. With the goal of supporting engineering applications, such as gathering environmental data over a broad area, we developed 3D-printed artificial samaras. Here, we compare the behavior of both natural and artificial samaras in both still-air laboratory experiments and wind dispersal experiments in the field. We show that the artificial samaras are able to replicate (within one standard deviation) the behavior of natural samaras in a lab setting. We further use the notion of windage to compare dispersal behavior, and show that the natural samara has the highest mean windage, corresponding to the longest flights during both high wind and low wind experimental trials. This study demonstrated a bioinspired design for the dispersed deployment of sensors and provides a better understanding of wind-dispersal of both natural and artificial samaras.

scholarly journals Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogels Reinforced with TiO2 and β-TCP Fabricated by Microextrusion-based Printing for Tissue Regeneration

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Urruela-Barrios ◽  
Erick Ramírez-Cedillo ◽  
A. Díaz de León ◽  
Alejandro Alvarez ◽  
Wendy Ortega-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Viscous Deformation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
3D Printed

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have become an attractive manufacturing process to fabricate scaffolds in tissue engineering. Recent research has focused on the fabrication of alginate complex shaped structures that closely mimic biological organs or tissues. Alginates can be effectively manufactured into porous three-dimensional networks for tissue engineering applications. However, the structure, mechanical properties, and shape fidelity of 3D-printed alginate hydrogels used for preparing tissue-engineered scaffolds is difficult to control. In this work, the use of alginate/gelatin hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and β-tricalcium phosphate was studied to tailor the mechanical properties of 3D-printed hydrogels. The hydrogels reinforced with TiO2 and β-TCP showed enhanced mechanical properties up to 20 MPa of elastic modulus. Furthermore, the pores of the crosslinked printed structures were measured with an average pore size of 200 μm. Additionally, it was found that as more layers of the design were printed, there was an increase of the line width of the bottom layers due to its viscous deformation. Shrinkage of the design when the hydrogel is crosslinked and freeze dried was also measured and found to be up to 27% from the printed design. Overall, the proposed approach enabled fabrication of 3D-printed alginate scaffolds with adequate physical properties for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication of 3D printed antimicrobial polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 111525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Socrates Radhakrishnan ◽  
Sakthivel Nagarajan ◽  
Habib Belaid ◽  
Cynthia Farha ◽  
Igor Iatsunskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
3D Printed

TRANSFORMATION OF FERTILIZER-NITROGEN IN SOILS FROM A HARDWOOD WOODLOT AND AN ABANDONED PASTURE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. ELLIS
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Effective Time ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Pasture Soil ◽  
Experimental Trials

Fresh soil (0- to 7.5-cm depth) was collected at intervals of approximately 2 wk during the growing season from a maple woodlot and an abandoned pasture. When samples were perfused with a solution of (NH4)2SO4 containing 20 ppm N, the rate of nitrification diminished during the summer and, for both soils, halved between mid-June and mid-July. Nitrification in the woodlot soil was nearly twice as rapid as in the pasture soil. Perfusion of soil, that had been stored for 2 mo at 0 C and to the surface of which granular fertilizer was then added, showed that urea and (NH4)2SO4 were nitrified very rapidly in woodlot soil but more slowly in pasture soil. Ureaform was nitrified slowly in both soils. It was concluded from these laboratory experiments that for experimental trials of fertilization (of sugar maple) in the field, the most suitable nitrogenous fertilizer to apply to woodlot soil could be ureaform, and to pasture soil could be (NH4)2SO4. Probably the most effective time at which to apply the fertilizer would be mid-June.

A review on 3D printing in tissue engineering applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Prasath Mani ◽  
Madeeha Sadia ◽  
Saravana Kumar Jaganathan ◽  
Ahmad Zahran Khudzari ◽  
Eko Supriyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Cell Adherence ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Techniques

Abstract In tissue engineering, 3D printing is an important tool that uses biocompatible materials, cells, and supporting components to fabricate complex 3D printed constructs. This review focuses on the cytocompatibility characteristics of 3D printed constructs, made from different synthetic and natural materials. From the overview of this article, inkjet and extrusion-based 3D printing are widely used methods for fabricating 3D printed scaffolds for tissue engineering. This review highlights that scaffold prepared by both inkjet and extrusion-based 3D printing techniques showed significant impact on cell adherence, proliferation, and differentiation as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo studies. 3D printed constructs with growth factors (FGF-2, TGF-β1, or FGF-2/TGF-β1) enhance extracellular matrix (ECM), collagen I content, and high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content for cell growth and bone formation. Similarly, the utilization of 3D printing in other tissue engineering applications cannot be belittled. In conclusion, it would be interesting to combine different 3D printing techniques to fabricate future 3D printed constructs for several tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Silk fibroin photo-lyogels containing microchannels as a biomaterial platform for in situ tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 7093-7105
Author(s):  
Marissa Baptista ◽  
Habib Joukhdar ◽  
Cesar R. Alcala-Orozco ◽  
Kieran Lau ◽  
Shouyuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
In Situ Tissue Engineering ◽  
Ice Templating

Silk photo-lyogels fabricated by di-tyrosine photo-crosslinking and ice-templating silk fibroin on 3D printed templates toward in situ tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals On 3D printed scaffolds for orthopedic tissue engineering applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Ranjan ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
I. P. S. Ahuja ◽  
Ranvijay Kumar ◽  
Jatenderpal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
3D Printed
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