scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental Consequences of Pediatric Cancer and Its Treatment: The Role of Sleep

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Paola Mogavero ◽  
Oliviero Bruni ◽  
Lourdes M. DelRosso ◽  
Raffaele Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Psychological Disturbances ◽  
Possible Cause

Cognitive impairment is frequent in pediatric cancer, and behavioral and psychological disturbances often also affect children who have survived cancer problems. Furthermore, pediatric tumors are also often associated with sleep disorders. The interrelationship between sleep disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders and pediatric cancer, however, is still largely unexplored. In this narrative review we approach this important aspect by first considering studies on pediatric cancer as a possible cause of neurodevelopmental disorders and then describing pediatric cancer occurring as a comorbid condition in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, we discuss the role of sleep disorders in children with cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders. Even if the specific literature approaching directly the topic of the role of sleep in the complex relationship between pediatric cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders was found to be scarce, the available evidence supports the idea that in-depth knowledge and correct management of sleep disorders can definitely improve the health and quality of life of children with cancer and of their families.

scholarly journals A Translational Perspective of Maternal Immune Activation by SARS-CoV-2 on the Potential Prenatal Origin of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The Role of the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Javier Reyes-Lagos ◽  
Eric Alonso Abarca-Castro ◽  
Juan Carlos Echeverría ◽  
Hugo Mendieta-Zerón ◽  
Alejandra Vargas-Caraveo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Psychophysiological Data

The emergent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could produce a maternal immune activation (MIA) via the inflammatory response during gestation that may impair fetal neurodevelopment and lead to postnatal and adulthood mental illness and behavioral dysfunctions. However, so far, limited evidence exists regarding long-term physiological, immunological, and neurodevelopmental modifications produced by the SARS-CoV-2 in the human maternal-fetal binomial and, particularly, in the offspring. Relevant findings derived from epidemiological and preclinical models show that a MIA is indeed linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring. We hypothesize that a gestational infection triggered by SARS-CoV-2 increases the risks leading to neurodevelopmental disorders of the newborn, which can affect childhood and the long-term quality of life. In particular, disruption of either the maternal or the fetal cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) could cause or exacerbate the severity of COVID-19 in the maternal-fetal binomial. From a translational perspective, in this paper, we discuss the possible manifestation of a MIA by SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent neurodevelopmental disorders considering the role of the fetal-maternal cytokine cross-talk and the CAP. Specifically, we highlight the urgent need of preclinical studies as well as multicenter and international databanks of maternal-fetal psychophysiological data obtained pre-, during, and post-infection by SARS-CoV-2 from pregnant women and their offspring.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Pain Management in Children with Cancer: About 48 Cases in Dakar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Cancer Pain Management ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Morphine Administration ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Made In

Introduction: Pain is ubiquitous in cancer and is the most dreaded symptom in children with cancer. It is a medical emergency. In Senegal, there is little data on the assessment and management of pain in children. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of morphine in cancer pain management in children. Methodology: This is a prospective study carried out over a period of 4 and a half months (from April 15 to August 31, 2017). All children hospitalized at the pediatric Oncology Department and who used morphine as part of their treatment were included in this study. The hospital prevalence was 69.5%. The most common tumor pathologies found were acute leukemia, followed by nephroblastoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma. Results: Pain was present for an average of 30.3 days; It was abdominal in half of the cases. Nociceptive pain was present in 89.6% of cases. An average 40% reduction in pain intensity was observed following morphine administration on the first day. Analgesia was obtained on average after 6 days. Conclusion: Morphine has a crucial role in pain management in children with cancer. Efforts still need to be made in our unit to improve the quality of pain management in children.

ADHD, Parental Stress, Stigma, and Mindfulness Training

2021 ◽  
pp. 278-304
Author(s):  
Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan
Keyword(s):  
Parental Stress ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Parental Rating ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes

Many studies have proven that parental stress was associated with childhood mental disorders and disabilities, and in recent years, studies have shown that parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) experience more parenting stress than parents of typically developing children. Parents living with a child with ADHD experienced stress as they struggled to cope with the child's symptoms amidst the stigmatizing attitudes from family and community members. The chapter tried to explore various factors related with parental stress and ADHD such as quality of life, parental rating of ADHD symptoms and related issues, treatment outcome, marital life, and mental health. One of the important factors contributing to stress is stigma, and the chapter also attempted to explore the link between parental stress and stigma, especially related to ADHD and its interventions. The chapter emphasized the role of mindfulness training for treating ADHD and parental stress while pointing out the methodological limitations.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic disparities in the quality of life in children with cancer or brain tumors: the mediating role of family factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Litzelman ◽  
Emily Barker ◽  
Kristine Catrine ◽  
Diane Puccetti ◽  
Peggy Possin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Mediating Role

Quality of internet information according to language search on childhood Cancer (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunam Cuan-Baltazar ◽  
Maria José Muñóz-Pérez ◽  
Elena Soto Vega
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Internet Information ◽  
Chi2 Test

BACKGROUND Background: Health information on the internet could vary its quality given that nowadays it is easy for everyone to spread information on the internet even if it is not reliable. Also, one factor that could influence the quality of the information is the language in which it is presented. Parents of children with cancer tend to search for their children´s disease on the internet, and this could affect the decisions the parents take concerning their children´s treatment OBJECTIVE Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of pediatric cancer information on the internet provided in English and Spanish languages METHODS Methods: Three different quality engines were used, JAMA benchmarks, DISCERN and HONcode to assess English and Spanish websites. RESULTS Results: : DISCERN scores were significantly different between English and Spanish websites (Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.001), JAMA benchmarks show a difference between English and Spanish websites (Chi2 test, p=0.009), but HONcode was no different between groups. CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: English websites had a better information quality than Spanish websites.

scholarly journals Role of Nonmonotonic Constitutive Curves in Extrusion Instabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cao ◽  
Wen-Jing Yang ◽  
Xiao-Wei Guo ◽  
Xin-Hai Xu ◽  
Juan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Community ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Flow Instabilities ◽  
Film Blowing ◽  
Fibre Spinning ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Nonlinear Elastic ◽  
Possible Cause

Flow instabilities of non-Newtonian fluids severely hamper the quality of products during various chemical processes, such as fibre spinning, extrusion, and film blowing. The origin of extrusion instability has been studied over many decades. However, no consensus has been reached among the research community so far. In this paper, the possible cause of extrusion instabilities is explored using the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic conformation-dependent (FENE-CD) model with a nonmonotonic constitutive curve. Many well-documented experimental phenomena are reproduced in our simulations, and it could be concluded that the nonmonotonic constitutive curve plays an essential role in extrusion instabilities. In addition, the results imply that the die exit singularity may generate or magnify oscillations.

scholarly journals Activity as a Mediator Between Users and Their Auditory Environment in an Urban Pocket Park

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Bild ◽  
Daniel Steele ◽  
Karin Pfeffer ◽  
Luca Bertolini ◽  
Catherine Guastavino
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Auditory Experience ◽  
The Relationship

Sound is receiving increasing attention in urban planning and design due to its effects on human health and quality of life. Soundscape researchers have sought ecologically valid measures to describe and explain the complex relationship between people and their auditory environments, largely employing laboratory studies and neglecting the active role of activity. This chapter proposes a situated cognition approach to study the relationship between context, use of space, and the ways in which users describe and evaluate sounds and their auditory environments in an urban pocket park. It draws on empirical data gathered in Parc du Portugal in Montreal, Canada using a mixed-methods research design that integrates ethnographic observations, on-site questionnaires, and behavioral mapping using a geo-spatial app to offer a situated understanding of the human auditory experience in its full complexity, with an emphasis on the mediating role of activity on the user-auditory environment relationship.

scholarly journals The Effects of Dietary Nutrition on Sleep and Sleep Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mingxia Zhao ◽  
Houzhen Tuo ◽  
Shuhui Wang ◽  
Lin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dietary Nutrition

Sleep disorder significantly affects the life quality of a large number of people but is still an underrecognized disease. Dietary nutrition is believed to play a significant impact on sleeping wellness. Many nutritional supplements have been used trying to benefit sleep wellness. However, the relationship between nutritional components and sleep is complicated. Nutritional factors vary dramatically with different diet patterns and depend significantly on the digestive and metabiotic functions of each individual. Moreover, nutrition can profoundly affect the hormones and inflammation status which directly or indirectly contribute to insomnia. In this review, we summarized the role of major nutritional factors, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and vitamins on sleep and sleep disorders and discussed the potential mechanisms.

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