scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging Changes Do Not Affect Long-Term Neurodevelopment Following Early Erythropoietin Among Extremely Preterm Infants in the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Janessa B. Law ◽  
Bryan A. Comstock ◽  
Todd L. Richards ◽  
Christopher M. Traudt ◽  
Thomas R. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age

We aimed to evaluate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in infants born extremely preterm, to determine the effect of erythropoietin (Epo) on DTI, and to correlate DTI with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age for infants in the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection (PENUT) Trial. Infants who underwent MRI with DTI at 36 weeks postmenstrual age were included. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated by Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). Generalized linear models were used to assess the association between DTI parameters and treatment group, and then with neurodevelopmental outcomes. A total of 101 placebo- and 93 Epo-treated infants underwent MRI. DTI white matter mean diffusivity (MD) was lower in placebo- compared to Epo-treated infants in the cingulate and occipital regions, and occipital white matter fractional isotropy (FA) was lower in infants born at 24–25 weeks vs. 26–27 weeks. These values were not associated with lower BSID-III scores. Certain decreases in clustering coefficients tended to have lower BSID-III scores. Consistent with the PENUT Trial findings, there was no effect on long-term neurodevelopment in Epo-treated infants even in the presence of microstructural changes identified by DTI.

scholarly journals Perinatal Clinical Antecedents of White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities on Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Extremely Preterm Infants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e72974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulana Pogribna ◽  
Xintian Yu ◽  
Katrina Burson ◽  
Yuxiang Zhou ◽  
Robert E. Lasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants

White matter changes in extremely preterm infants, a population-based diffusion tensor imaging study

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Skiöld ◽  
Sandra Horsch ◽  
Boubou Hallberg ◽  
Mathias Engström ◽  
Zoltan Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
White Matter Changes ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

scholarly journals White Matter Integrity Predicts Delay Discounting Behavior in 9- to 23-Year-Olds: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1406-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Olson ◽  
Paul F. Collins ◽  
Catalina J. Hooper ◽  
Ryan Muetzel ◽  
Kelvin O. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Age Range

Healthy participants (n = 79), ages 9–23, completed a delay discounting task assessing the extent to which the value of a monetary reward declines as the delay to its receipt increases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to evaluate how individual differences in delay discounting relate to variation in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) within whole-brain white matter using voxel-based regressions. Given that rapid prefrontal lobe development is occurring during this age range and that functional imaging studies have implicated the prefrontal cortex in discounting behavior, we hypothesized that differences in FA and MD would be associated with alterations in the discounting rate. The analyses revealed a number of clusters where less impulsive performance on the delay discounting task was associated with higher FA and lower MD. The clusters were located primarily in bilateral frontal and temporal lobes and were localized within white matter tracts, including portions of the inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi, anterior thalamic radiation, uncinate fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, corticospinal tract, and splenium of the corpus callosum. FA increased and MD decreased with age in the majority of these regions. Some, but not all, of the discounting/DTI associations remained significant after controlling for age. Findings are discussed in terms of both developmental and age-independent effects of white matter organization on discounting behavior.

scholarly journals Nutritional Intake, White Matter Integrity, and Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Born Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3409
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Hortensius ◽  
Els Janson ◽  
Pauline E. van van Beek ◽  
Floris Groenendaal ◽  
Nathalie H. P. Claessens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Born

Background: Determining optimal nutritional regimens in extremely preterm infants remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a new nutritional regimen and individual macronutrient intake on white matter integrity and neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods: Two retrospective cohorts of extremely preterm infants (gestational age <28 weeks) were included. Cohort B (n = 79) received a new nutritional regimen, with more rapidly increased, higher protein intake compared to cohort A (n = 99). Individual protein, lipid, and caloric intakes were calculated for the first 28 postnatal days. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed at term-equivalent age, and cognitive and motor development were evaluated at 2 years corrected age (CA) (Bayley-III-NL) and 5.9 years chronological age (WPPSI-III-NL, MABC-2-NL). Results: Compared to cohort A, infants in cohort B had significantly higher protein intake (3.4 g/kg/day vs. 2.7 g/kg/day) and higher fractional anisotropy (FA) in several white matter tracts but lower motor scores at 2 years CA (mean (SD) 103 (12) vs. 109 (12)). Higher protein intake was associated with higher FA and lower motor scores at 2 years CA (B = −6.7, p = 0.001). However, motor scores at 2 years CA were still within the normal range and differences were not sustained at 5.9 years. There were no significant associations with lipid or caloric intake. Conclusion: In extremely preterm born infants, postnatal protein intake seems important for white matter development but does not necessarily improve long-term cognitive and motor development.

Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter in patients with myotonic dystrophy

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fukuda ◽  
J. Horiguchi ◽  
C. Ono ◽  
T. Ohshita ◽  
J. Takaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Control Subjects

Purpose: To determine whether myotonic dystrophy (MyD) patients have diffusion tensor abnormalities suggestive of microstructural changes in normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM). Material and Methods: Conventional and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images of the brain were obtained in 19 MyD patients and 19 age‐matched normal control subjects. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values were calculated in white matter lesions (WMLs) and NAWM in MyD patients and in the white matter of normal control subjects. Differences between WML and NAWM values and between MyD patient and control subject values were analyzed statistically. Results: Significantly lower FA and higher MD values were found in all regions of interest in the NAWM of MyD patients than in the white matter of control subjects ( P<0.01), as well as significantly lower FA and higher MD values in WMLs than in NAWM of MyD patients ( P<0.05). There was no significant correlation of mean FA or MD values in NAWM with patient age, age at onset, or duration of illness ( P>0.1). Conclusion: Diffusion tensor imaging analysis suggests the presence of diffuse microstructural changes in NAWM of MyD patients that may play an important role in the development of disability.

Extremely preterm infant with persistent peeling skin: X-linked ichthyosis imitates prematurity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Burcescu ◽  
Heather L. Brumberg ◽  
Shetal I. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Steroid Sulfatase ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Surfactant Production ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Scaly Skin

Abstract Objectives X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in steroid sulfatase, an enzyme which catalyzes a reaction in estrone synthesis. The disorder primarily manifests as dry, scaly skin which may be difficult to diagnose in extremely preterm infants, as the dermatological features may be falsely attributed to a normal variant of skin for this population. Case presentation In this case report, we describe a male with XLI, born at 24 weeks gestation, who had persistent dry, flaky and hyperpigmented skin. This case is notable for the age of diagnosis in an extremely premature infant; day of life 105. In addition, this infant experienced out of proportion bronchopulmonary symptoms that we postulate may be linked to the steroid sulfatase deficiency, as estrogen is a mediator of surfactant production. Conclusions This report underscores the need to potentially evaluate persistent dry, flaky skin in the preterm infant, as XLI may also impact long term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Correlation Between White Matter Injury Identified by Neonatal Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Following Term Neonatal Asphyxia and Therapeutic Hypothermia: An Exploratory Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 556-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn J. Gerner ◽  
Eric I. Newman ◽  
V. Joanna Burton ◽  
Brenton Roman ◽  
Elizabeth A. Cristofalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Aim: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is associated with damage to deep gray matter; however, white matter involvement has become recognized. This study explored differences between patients and clinical controls on diffusion tensor imaging, and relationships between diffusion tensor imaging and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Method: Diffusion tensor imaging was obtained for 31 neonates after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia and 10 clinical controls. A subgroup of patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (n = 14) had neurodevelopmental outcomes correlated with diffusion tensor imaging scalars. Results: Group differences in diffusion tensor imaging scalars were observed in the putamen, anterior and posterior centrum semiovale, and the splenium of the corpus callosum. Differences in these regions of interest were correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes between ages 20 and 32 months. Conclusion: Therapeutic hypothermia may not be a complete intervention for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, as neonatal white matter changes may continue to be evident, but further research is warranted. Patterns of white matter change on neonatal diffusion tensor imaging correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in this exploratory pilot study.

scholarly journals Changes in language white matter tract microarchitecture associated with cognitive deficits in patients with presumed low-grade glioma

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Incekara ◽  
Djaina Satoer ◽  
Evy Visch-Brink ◽  
Arnaud Vincent ◽  
Marion Smits
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Linear Regression Models

OBJECTIVEThe authors conducted a study to determine whether cognitive functioning of patients with presumed low-grade glioma is associated with white matter (WM) tract changes.METHODSThe authors included 77 patients with presumed low-grade glioma who underwent awake surgery between 2005 and 2013. Diffusion tensor imaging with deterministic tractography was performed preoperatively to identify the arcuate, inferior frontooccipital, and uncinate fasciculi and to obtain the mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity per tract. All patients were evaluated preoperatively using an extensive neuropsychological protocol that included assessments of the language, memory, and attention/executive function domains. Linear regression models were used to analyze each cognitive domain and each diffusion tensor imaging metric of the 3 WM tracts.RESULTSSignificant correlations (corrected for multiple testing) were found between FA of the arcuate fasciculus and results of the repetition test for the language domain (β = 0.59, p < 0.0001) and between FA of the inferior frontooccipital fasciculus and results of the imprinting test for the memory domain (β = −0.55, p = 0.002) and the attention test for the attention and executive function domain (β = −0.62, p = 0.006).CONCLUSIONSIn patients with glioma, language deficits in repetition of speech, imprinting, and attention deficits are associated with changes in the microarchitecture of the arcuate and inferior frontooccipital fasciculi.

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Evolving Response to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117906951985862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter S Hoogenboom ◽  
Todd G Rubin ◽  
Kenny Ye ◽  
Min-Hui Cui ◽  
Kelsey C Branch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Post Injury

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion, is a serious public health challenge. Although most patients recover, a substantial minority suffers chronic disability. The mechanisms underlying mTBI-related detrimental effects remain poorly understood. Although animal models contribute valuable preclinical information and improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms following mTBI, only few studies have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the evolution of axonal injury following mTBI in rodents. It is known that DTI shows changes after human concussion and the role of delineating imaging findings in animals is therefore to facilitate understanding of related mechanisms. In this work, we used a rodent model of mTBI to investigate longitudinal indices of axonal injury. We present the results of 45 animals that received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at multiple time points over a 2-week period following concussive or sham injury yielding 109 serial observations. Overall, the evolution of DTI metrics following concussive or sham injury differed by group. Diffusion tensor imaging changes within the white matter were most noticeable 1 week following injury and returned to baseline values after 2 weeks. More specifically, we observed increased fractional anisotropy in combination with decreased radial diffusivity and mean diffusivity, in the absence of changes in axial diffusivity, within the white matter of the genu corpus callosum at 1 week post-injury. Our study shows that DTI can detect microstructural white matter changes in the absence of gross abnormalities as indicated by visual screening of anatomical MRI and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections in a clinically relevant animal model of mTBI. Whereas additional histopathologic characterization is required to better understand the neurobiological correlates of DTI measures, our findings highlight the evolving nature of the brain’s response to injury following concussion.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in psychiatry: a narrative review of its potential role in diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Podwalski ◽  
Krzysztof Szczygieł ◽  
Ernest Tyburski ◽  
Leszek Sagan ◽  
Błażej Misiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Abstract Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an imaging technique that uses magnetic resonance. It measures the diffusion of water molecules in tissues, which can occur either without restriction (i.e., in an isotropic manner) or limited by some obstacles, such as cell membranes (i.e., in an anisotropic manner). Diffusion is most often measured in terms of, inter alia, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). DTI allows us to reconstruct, visualize, and evaluate certain qualities of white matter. To date, many studies have sought to associate various changes in the distribution of diffusion within the brain with mental diseases and disorders. A better understanding of white matter integrity disorders can help us recognize the causes of diseases, as well as help create objective methods of psychiatric diagnosis, identify biomarkers of mental illness, and improve pharmacotherapy. The aim of this work is to present the characteristics of DTI as well as current research on its use in schizophrenia, affective disorders, and other mental disorders.

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