scholarly journals The Influence of Subclinical Neck Pain on Neurophysiological and Behavioral Measures of Multisensory Integration

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Antonia M. Karellas ◽  
Paul Yielder ◽  
James J. Burkitt ◽  
Heather S. McCracken ◽  
Bernadette A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Related Potentials

Multisensory integration (MSI) is necessary for the efficient execution of many everyday tasks. Alterations in sensorimotor integration (SMI) have been observed in individuals with subclinical neck pain (SCNP). Altered audiovisual MSI has previously been demonstrated in this population using performance measures, such as reaction time. However, neurophysiological techniques have not been combined with performance measures in the SCNP population to determine differences in neural processing that may contribute to these behavioral characteristics. Electroencephalography (EEG) event-related potentials (ERPs) have been successfully used in recent MSI studies to show differences in neural processing between different clinical populations. This study combined behavioral and ERP measures to characterize MSI differences between healthy and SCNP groups. EEG was recorded as 24 participants performed 8 blocks of a simple reaction time (RT) MSI task, with each block consisting of 34 auditory (A), visual (V), and audiovisual (AV) trials. Participants responded to the stimuli by pressing a response key. Both groups responded fastest to the AV condition. The healthy group demonstrated significantly faster RTs for the AV and V conditions. There were significant group differences in neural activity from 100–140 ms post-stimulus onset, with the control group demonstrating greater MSI. Differences in brain activity and RT between individuals with SCNP and a control group indicate neurophysiological alterations in how individuals with SCNP process audiovisual stimuli. This suggests that SCNP alters MSI. This study presents novel EEG findings that demonstrate MSI differences in a group of individuals with SCNP.

scholarly journals Impaired Emotional Self-Referential Processing in First-Episode Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Zhao ◽  
Zhiren Wang ◽  
Yueyao Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Jinguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Task Effects ◽  
Referential Processing ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Automatic Attention ◽  
Self Reference

Impairments in self-representation are relevant to the expression of psychosis. To date, the characteristics and neural mechanisms of self-impairment in schizophrenia remain unclear. To this end, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure brain activity in 56 first-episode patients with schizophrenia and 56 healthy controls. Participants judged personal trait adjectives regarding themselves, their mothers, or a public person, followed by an unexpected old/new recognition test. The recognition score for mother-reference adjectives was lower than that for self-reference adjectives in patients, while the control group showed comparatively high recognition scores for both self- and mother-referential adjectives. In addition, control subjects recognized more negative words, while patients remembered more positive words. ERP data revealed that controls exhibited typical task effects (self-reference = mother-reference > other-reference) during both automatic attention and effortful encoding periods [indexed by P2 and the late positive potential (LPP), respectively]. In contrast, patients only exhibited the task effect in the P2 amplitude. Moreover, controls exhibited larger P2 amplitudes during encoding negative than positive words, whereas patients had enhanced LPP amplitudes during memory retrieval of positive compared to negative words. These findings demonstrated self-representation dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenic patients in mother (the intimate other) referential processing and the absence of a negative memory bias.

scholarly journals Screening of subclinical P300 event-related potentials changes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors: comparison of different treatment protocols.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slawomir Kroczka ◽  
Konrad Stepien ◽  
Szymon Skoczen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
P300 Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Modern treatment protocols in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) resulted in high cure rate and improved long-term survival. However, due to their high intensity, they are also associated with many side effects, including central nervous system toxicity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of screening of subclinical P300 event-related potentials changes in childhood ALL survivors. Methods: A group of 136 patients, 66 males (48.5%), aged 4.9 to 27.9 years who have completed ALL therapy, were screened for subclinical P300 potentials changes. ALL therapy was conducted according to modified New York (NY) (30 patients) and subsequent revisions of modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM): previous BFM protocols (pBFM) (32 patients) and BFM95 (74 patients). The control group consisted of 58 patients, 34 males (58.6%), aged 6 to 17 years after a syncope episode (n=29) as well as healthy subjects (n=29). Results: The total group of ALL survivors had significantly prolonged the mean latency of P300 (331.31±28.71 vs 298.14±38.76 ms, P<0.001) and reaction time (439.51±119.86 vs 380.11±79.94 ms, P=0.002) compared to the control group. Abnormalities in endogenous evoked potentials were observed in 10 (33.33%) NY, 5 (15.63%) pBFM and 21 (28.38%) BFM95 patients. The mean latency time was significantly longer compared to the control group in all analyzed protocols and the highest values were observed in pBFM patients (NY: 329.13±28.07 ms, P=0.001; pBFM: 332.97±23.97 ms, P<0.001; BFM95: 331.47±31.05 ms, P<0.001). The reaction time was similarly prolonged compared to the control group. The largest and also significant prolongation was recorded in the NY group (461.8±140.3 vs 380.1±78.04 ms, P=0.039). Analyzing the effect of radiotherapy on P300 potentials, a significantly higher frequency of prolonged reaction time in non-irradiated BFM95 patients was found (21.62 vs 15.85%, P=0.007). Radiotherapy methods used in NY and pBFM protocols have also significantly reduced the P300 wave amplitude (mean values: 10.395±5.727 vs 12.739±6.508 ms, P=0.027). Conclusions: Endogenous P300 event-related potentials may be useful in screening assessment of late subclinical cognitive changes in ALL survivors. The type of treatment protocol significantly modulates the individual parameters of the registered P300 potentials.

scholarly journals Selective Attention and Multisensory Integration: Multiple Phases of Effects on the Evoked Brain Activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1098-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durk Talsma ◽  
Marty G. Woldorff
Keyword(s):  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Variable Stimulus ◽  
Processing Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Anticipatory Activity

We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to evaluate the role of attention in the integration of visual and auditory features of multisensory objects. This was done by contrasting the ERPs to multisensory stimuli (AV) to the sum of the ERPs to the corresponding auditory-only (A) and visual-only (V) stimuli [i.e., AV vs. (A + V)]. V, A, and VA stimuli were presented in random order to the left and right hemispaces. Subjects attended to a designated side to detect infrequent target stimuli in either modality there. The focus of this report is on the ERPs to the standard (i.e., nontarget) stimuli. We used rapid variable stimulus onset asynchronies (350-650 msec) to mitigate anticipatory activity and included “no-stim” trials to estimate and remove ERP overlap from residual anticipatory processes and from adjacent stimuli in the sequence. Spatial attention effects on the processing of the unisensory stimuli consisted of a modulation of visual P1 and N1 components (at 90-130 msec and 160-200 msec, respectively) and of the auditory N1 and processing negativity (100-200 msec). Attended versus unattended multisensory ERPs elicited a combination of these effects. Multisensory integration effects consisted of an initial frontal positivity around 100 msec that was larger for attended stimuli. This was followed by three phases of centro-medially distributed effects of integration and/or attention beginning at around 160 msec, and peaking at 190 (scalp positivity), 250 (negativity), and 300-500 msec (positivity) after stimulus onset. These integration effects were larger in amplitude for attended than for unattended stimuli, providing neural evidence that attention can modulate multisensory-integration processes at multiple stages.

scholarly journals Mild cognitive impairment in mild brain injury (MBI) patients: An event related potential (ERP) and neuropsychology study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
Faruque Reza ◽  
Tahamina Begum
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Mild Brain Injury ◽  
Related Potentials

Objectives: To evaluate auditory cognitive function in mild brain injury (MBI) patients, which is important to determine for rehabilitation and improve quality of their life. Methods: Participants (n=19/group) were divided into group 1 (G1-control), group 2 (G2/1st test-MBI/within 7 days of road traffic accident-RTA) and group 3 (G3/2nd test-MBI/2-6 months after RTA). Event related potentials (ERPs) were conducted using a 128-sensor net; participants counted silently rare target tone stimuli and ignored standard tones. Several neuropsychology tests like Verbal fluency test (PAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Rey Auditory Verbal and Learning Test (RAVLTIM, RAVLTDR and RAVLTTS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were subsequently administered. Results: Sensory (P50, N100) and cognitive (P300) ERP components were analysed from ERP waveforms. There were no significant group differences in amplitudes or latencies for all components across sites except P300 component amplitudes at T6 location. P50, N100 and P300 ERP components exhibited non-significantly increased amplitudes in G2 and G3 compared with G1 at all sites; non-significantly shorter latencies were identified at various sites. At several locations, G3 evoked non-significantly increased amplitudes and longer latencies with shorter latencies to other sites compared with G2 in all components. The MBI (G3) group exhibited significantly increased WCST, RAVLTIM and RAVLTDR scores compared with G1. Conclusion: These findings indicate MBI patients may have mild auditory, cognitive and executive dysfunctions with good auditory memory. MBI was associated with mild depression. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.557-566

scholarly journals Screening of cognitive impairment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors with P300 event-related potentials: comparison of different treatment protocols.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slawomir Kroczka ◽  
Konrad Stepien ◽  
Szymon Skoczen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
P300 Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundModern treatment protocols in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) resulted in high cure rate and improved long-term survival. However, due to their high intensity, they are also associated with many side effects, including central nervous system toxicity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of P300 event-related potentials in screening of cognitive impairment in childhood ALL survivors.MethodsA group of 136 patients, 66 males (48.5%), aged 4.9 to 27.9 years who have completed ALL therapy, were screened for cognitive impairment with endogenous P300 potentials. ALL therapy was conducted according to modified New York (NY) (30 patients) and subsequent revisions of modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM): previous BFM protocols (pBFM) (32 patients) and BFM95 (74 patients). The control group consisted of 58 patients, 34 males (58.6%), aged 6 to 17 years after a syncope episode (n = 29) as well as healthy subjects (n = 29).ResultsThe total group of ALL survivors had significantly prolonged the mean latency of P300 (331.31 vs 298.14 ms, P < 0.001) and reaction time (439.51 vs 380.11 ms, P = 0.002) compared to the control group. Abnormalities in endogenous evoked potentials were observed in 10 (33.33%) NY, 5 (15.63%) pBFM and 21 (28.38%) BFM95 patients. The mean latency time was significantly longer compared to the control group (298.14 ms) in all analyzed protocols and the highest values were observed in pBFM patients (NY: 329.13 ms, P = 0.001; pBFM: 332.97 ms, P < 0.001; BFM95: 331.47 ms, P < 0.001). The reaction time was similarly prolonged compared to the control group. The largest and also significant prolongation was recorded in the NY group (461.8 vs 380.1 ms, P = 0.039).Analyzing the effect of radiotherapy on P300 potentials, a significantly higher frequency of prolonged reaction time in non-irradiated BFM95 patients was found (21.62 vs 15.85%, P=0.007). Radiotherapy methods used in NY and pBFM protocols have also significantly reduced the P300 wave amplitude (mean values: 10.395 vs 12.739 ms, P=0.027).ConclusionsEndogenous P300 event-related potentials may be useful in screening assessment of late cognitive impairment in ALL survivors. The type of treatment protocol significantly modulates the individual parameters of the registered P300 potentials.

The influence of bilingualism on working memory event-related potentials

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
CASSANDRA MORRISON ◽  
FAROOQ KAMAL ◽  
VANESSA TALER
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Memory Event ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Cognitively Demanding Tasks

Bilingualism has been found to enhance the ability to store and manipulate information in working memory (WM). However, previous studies of WM function in bilingualism have been limited to behavioural measures, leaving questions unanswered regarding the effects of bilingualism on neural mechanisms employed during WM tasks. We recorded brain activity (event-related potentials; ERPs) while participants (23 English-speaking and 21 English–French bilinguals) performed an n-back WM task. Accuracy and reaction time were similar across groups, but monolinguals exhibited smaller P300 amplitudes relative to bilinguals, suggesting that bilinguals have more cognitive resources available to complete cognitively demanding tasks.

scholarly journals Impaired impulse inhibition of emotional stimuli in patients with borderline personality disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Yang ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Wanrong Peng ◽  
Zhaoxia Liu ◽  
Jun Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractThis study was aimed to investigate whether BPD patients showed impaired impulse inhibition of emotional and non-emotional stimuli and to explore relevant neuroelectrophysiological mechanisms. A total of 32 BPD patients and 32 matched healthy controls were recruited. Self-reported scales were used to measure psychiatric symptoms. The event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded when subjects were performing neutral and emotional Stop Signal Task (SST). Group differences in self-reported scores, behavioral variables and ERPs were compared. The BPD group scored significantly higher on impulsivity, severity of BPD symptoms, levels of depression and anxiety than the control group. In neutral SST, no significant group differences were detected in the amplitude and latency of ERPs components induced. In emotional SST, the P2 amplitude of negative emotion was significantly larger than that of neutral emotion in Go trials. In Stop trials, the P2 amplitude of BPD group was significantly smaller than that of control group, and the N2 amplitude of BPD group was significantly greater than that of control group. BPD patients showed impaired inhibition of emotional stimuli rather than non-emotional stimuli. The deficits of emotional impulse control mainly exhibit at the early attention, stimulus evaluation and conflict detection stages.

EEG Measurement of Emotion Processing in Children with Daytime Urinary Incontinence

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Justine Niemczyk ◽  
Monika Equit ◽  
Katja Rieck ◽  
Mathias Rubly ◽  
Catharina Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Daytime Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Related Potentials

Abstract. Objective: Daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) is common in childhood. The aim of the study was to neurophysiologically analyse the central emotion processing in children with DUI. Method: In 20 children with DUI (mean age 8.1 years, 55 % male) and 20 controls (mean age 9.1 years, 75 % male) visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded after presenting emotionally valent (80 neutral, 40 positive, and 40 negative) pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) as an oddball-paradigm. All children received a full organic and psychiatric assessment. Results: Children with DUI did not differ significantly from controls regarding responses to emotional pictures in the frontal, central, and parietal regions and in the time intervals 250–450 ms, 450–650 ms, and 650–850 ms after stimulus onset. The patient group had more psychological symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities than the control group. Conclusions: EEG responses to emotional stimuli are not altered in children with DUI. Central emotion processing does not play a major role in DUI. Further research, including a larger sample size, a more homogeneous patient group (regarding subtype of DUI) or brain imaging techniques, could reveal more about the central processing in DUI.

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