Oncobiosis and Microbial Metabolite Signaling in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers in both men and women, with a median five-year survival of around 5%. Therefore, pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents an unmet medical need. Neoplastic diseases, such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, often are associated with microbiome dysbiosis, termed oncobiosis. In pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the oral, duodenal, ductal, and fecal microbiome become dysbiotic. Furthermore, the pancreas frequently becomes colonized (by Helicobacter pylori and Malassezia, among others). The oncobiomes from long- and short-term survivors of pancreatic adenocarcinoma are different and transplantation of the microbiome from long-term survivors into animal models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma prolongs survival. The oncobiome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma modulates the inflammatory processes that drive carcinogenesis. In this review, we point out that bacterial metabolites (short chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, polyamines, indole-derivatives, etc.) also have a role in the microbiome-driven pathogenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Finally, we show that bacterial metabolism and the bacterial metabolome is largely dysregulated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The pathogenic role of additional metabolites and metabolic pathways will be identified in the near future, widening the scope of this therapeutically and diagnostically exploitable pathogenic pathway in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

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The Role of Nutritional Support in Cured/Chronic Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12103167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 3167

Author(s):

Giovanni Rosti ◽

Fabrizio Romano ◽

Simona Secondino ◽

Riccardo Caccialanza ◽

Federica Lobascio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Oncology ◽

Complex Care ◽

Care Needs ◽

Chronic Patients ◽

Diet And Physical Activity ◽

Complex Care Needs ◽

Long Term Survivors ◽

Near Future

Improvements in Clinical Oncology, due to earlier diagnoses and more efficient therapeutic strategies, have led to increased numbers of long-term survivors, albeit many with chronic diseases. Dealing with the complex care needs of these survivors is now an important part of Medical Oncology. Suitable diet and physical activity regimes will be important in maintaining their health. This paper will review what we know and what we can do in the near future for these patients.

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Correctable biliary atresia and cholangiocarcinoma: a case report of a 63-year-old patient

Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s40792-019-0748-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masaki Nio ◽

Motoshi Wada ◽

Hideyuki Sasaki ◽

Hiromu Tanaka ◽

Masatoshi Hashimoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biliary Atresia ◽

Liver Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Porta Hepatis ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Cancer Occurrence ◽

Long Term Survivors ◽

Near Future

Abstract Background Although cancer occurrence following surgery for biliary atresia has gradually increased, the development of cholangiocarcinoma in a native liver survivor of biliary atresia is extremely rare. Case presentation A 3-month-old female patient with the correctable type of biliary atresia underwent a cystoduodenostomy. At 16 years of age, she underwent multiple surgeries including lysis of intestinal adhesions, ileostomy, and gastrojejunostomy at another hospital. At 54 years of age, she underwent lithotomy at the porta hepatis, resection of the residual cystic bile duct with gallbladder, and hepaticojejunostomy in Roux-en-Y fashion. As she approached the age of 63, her computed tomography scan showed no liver tumors. In the following year, she developed cholangiocarcinoma at the porta hepatis and underwent chemotherapy. However, the cancer progressed, and she died before she reached the age of 64 years. Conclusions Cholangiocarcinoma is extremely rare in patients with biliary atresia. However, physicians should follow up patients with biliary atresia as closely as possible, as malignant tumors secondary to biliary atresia may increase in number in the near future because of the growing number of long-term survivors with biliary atresia.

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The long-term consequences of antibiotic therapy: Role of colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) system and intestinal barrier integrity

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0220642 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. e0220642 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yuliia Holota ◽

Taisa Dovbynchuk ◽

Izumi Kaji ◽

Igor Vareniuk ◽

Natalia Dzyubenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Barrier Integrity ◽

Intestinal Barrier Integrity ◽

Long Term Consequences

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Predictors of perceived social support in long-term survivors of cardiac transplant: The role of psychological distress, quality of life, demographic characteristics and clinical course

Psychology and Health ◽

10.1080/08870440903377339 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 77-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Laura Sirri ◽

Carlo Magelli1 ◽

Silvana Grandi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Social Support ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Cardiac Transplant ◽

Long Term Survivors

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Morbidity in long-term survivors after pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.307 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 307-307

Author(s):

Kathryn Tzung-Kai Chen ◽

John Parker Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽

R0 Resection ◽

Portal Veins ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Portal Venous Thrombosis ◽

Long Term Survivors ◽

Disease Free ◽

Denver Shunt

307 Background: Because the focus of pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma is placed on disease-free and overall survival, morbidity in long-term survivors is not well described. We sought to evaluate outcomes of long-term survivors of pancreatic cancer after pancreatoduodenectomy. Methods: We identified 30 patients from our prospectively collected database of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had undergone pancreatoduodenectomy, and who were without evidence of disease with at least 40 months of follow-up. Demographics, treatment and pathologic characteristics were collected for review. Data with regards to long-term sequelae were also collected, particularly those complications requiring additional procedures and the development of metachronous cancers. Results: The median length of follow up was 83 months, with 60% of patients still alive. Half the patients were male, and the median age at diagnosis was 70 years. With regard to treatment, 80% of patients received chemoradiation, with half of these patients receiving it in the neoadjuvant setting. All patients received an R0 resection, although two patients required at least partial resection of the superior mesenteric or portal veins. Thirty-three percent of patients had N1 disease. Forty-four percent of patients did not have any significant subsequent sequelae. In the remainder, four patients (13%) developed ascites requiring repeated paracentesis or Denver shunt, with median time to development (MTD) of 63 months. Six patients (20%) developed a biliary stricture requiring stent placement (MTD 56 months), one patient developed portal venous thrombosis requiring a venous stent (MTD 52 months), and 3 patients (10%) experienced clinically significant gastric anastomotic ulcers (MTD 47 months). With regards to metachronous cancers, 2 patients developed subsequent lymphomas (MTD 92 months). Conclusions: Long-term survivors of patients who undergo pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma can develop significant late sequelae, which often can manifest more than three to five years after surgery. Continued follow-up and counseling is warranted.

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The role of Pediatric Oncology Nurse Specialist in a Follow-up Clinic for Long-term Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses ◽

10.1177/104345428600300402 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 9-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Wendy L. Hobbie

Keyword(s):

Childhood Cancer ◽

Pediatric Oncology ◽

Nurse Specialist ◽

Oncology Nurse ◽

Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽

Long Term Survivors

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SPIRIT PEACEBUILDING MELALUI KOMUNITAS PEMUDA DI YOGYAKARTA

Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif ◽

10.14421/jsr.v10i1.1150 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 273

Author(s):

BJ Sujibto

Keyword(s):

Youth Violence ◽

Peace Education ◽

Peace Movement ◽

Sustainable Peace ◽

The People ◽

Youth Activities ◽

Youth Community ◽

Near Future

This research examines the role of youth-based community involved in pence movement on promoting peacebuilding among youths In Yogyakarta and it surrounding. This grassroots Movement as micro-level peacebuilding spectrum ruled by youth faces more challenges in term of students’ brawls and othcr violence in which peer-age youths have taken apart in this cases over last few decades. The escalation -of youth violence represented by students of both from university and senior high school getting involved in bowls has Increased to open the access into public sphere and they have made scared everywhere by pointing ‘hoi zone’ of violence. Peacebuilding process can lake an important role to end youths’ violence by training to attain personal achievement, involving in social activities and addressing a basic peace education so that a “peace” word can be familiar one fid become part of their everyday’s life style with friends in school instead of talking about harm and taking revenge against their enemy from other school. Peacebuilding talkabout reconcilitation how to make peace and live in harmony among the people by understanding indigenous capacities which don’t merely focus on conflct resolution hut it takes time into sustainable peace process. Youth community/ which concerns on peace movement is the answer for eradicating youth’ potential violence in near future. It accomodates widely-opened places, bridging dialog, inviting more and more young generations to meet and talk each other, understanding identities and respecting difference among them. Peace generations represents a community which is active in conflct resolution and peace within youth society. In has involved and initiated many youth activities concerning in peacebuilding process by promoting its core’ values such as youth, participations, pluralism, and active non-violence as the essential basic of its movement. In doing so, youth in the community must be frontrunner for peace to make possibility of achieving a real long-term gain of peace cultures and peace patterns, counting for the peaceful means to practice. Youth initiatives, however, to peacebuilding among their peer are exactly needed in process of sustainable peace by intriguing indigenous capacities as main preference to make patterns of peace culture

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Ergonomics and Design: Projections for the Future

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193120004403829 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 44 (38) ◽

pp. 791-794

Author(s):

Cigdem Erbug

Keyword(s):

Product Life Cycle ◽

Industrial Society ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Comprehensive Strategy ◽

Ethical Attitude ◽

New Strategy ◽

Post Industrial ◽

Near Future

Discussions on the role of design in the post-industrial society, creates new definitions for design. In order to avoid placing a burden on the environment, designing is faced with a new context. In this context design supports long-term use, shared use, reuse, optimisation of useability and many other concepts related with environmental concerns and ethical attitude. It is evident that all these concepts require a new strategy for design where creating value and more human-centred products gain importance. This approach brings new organisations in product life cycle, because believing in these values most of the designers and manufacturers may agree on the new motto for design “less but better”. Therefore a comprehensive strategy is necessary for the communication of ergonomics experts and designers in the near future.

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