scholarly journals Analysis of Adsorption and Decomposition of Odour and Tar Components in Tobacco Smoke on Non-Woven Fabric-Supported Photocatalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Ochiai ◽  
Daisuke Aoki ◽  
Hidenori Saito ◽  
Yasuhisa Akutsu ◽  
Morio Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Subsequent Decomposition ◽  
Component Adsorption

The release of substantial amounts of toxicologically significant, irritant, and malodourous compounds during the complete combustion of tobacco can generate an unpleasant environment, especially indoors. Herein, we developed non-woven fabric-supported UV- and visible-light-responsive photocatalysts capable of adsorbing and decomposing the odour and tar components of tobacco smoke under irradiation with UV or visible light. The processes of odour component adsorption and subsequent decomposition under irradiation were evaluated in terms of colour changes in the catalytic system and by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. By considering three different photocatalysts, namely TiO2, Fe(III)-grafted TiO2, and Cu(II)-grafted WO3, we assessed the magnitude of odour and tar component adsorption on the fabric fibres, as well as the decomposition of these species after specific visible light or UV irradiation periods. Considering the expansion of our technology for practical applications, the best results among the three tested materials were obtained for non-woven fabric-supported Fe/TiO2. We believe that our technology can be implemented in the design of interior decoration materials for creating a comfortable environment.

scholarly journals Development of Visible-Light-Driven Rh–TiO2–CeO2 Hybrid Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Jong-Wook Hong
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Poor Stability

Visible-light-driven hydrogen production through photocatalysis has attracted enormous interest owing to its great potential to address energy and environmental issues. However, photocatalysis possesses several limitations to overcome for practical applications, such as low light absorption efficiency, rapid charge recombination, and poor stability of photocatalysts. Here, the preparation of efficient noble metal–semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production is presented. The prepared ternary Rh–TiO2–CeO2 hybrid photocatalysts exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance toward the hydrogen production reaction compared with their counterparts, ascribed to the synergistic combination of Rh, TiO2, and CeO2.

Sustainable and efficient hydrogen evolution over a noble metal-free WP double modified ZnxCd1−xS photocatalyst driven by visible-light

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (29) ◽  
pp. 11122-11135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Yan ◽  
Zhiliang Jin ◽  
Yupeng Zhang ◽  
Yongke Zhang ◽  
Hong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Energy Acquisition

In terms of energy acquisition, research on the photocatalytic cracking of water to produce hydrogen has become a hub for us to make a transition from theoretical research to practical applications.

scholarly journals 2D In-Plane CuS/Bi2WO6 p-n Heterostructures with Promoted Visible-Light-Driven Photo-Fenton Degradation Performance

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Guo ◽  
Kailai Zhang ◽  
Xuanxuan Han ◽  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Danjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Practical Applications

Photo-Fenton degradation of pollutants in wastewater is an ideal choice for large scale practical applications. Herein, two-dimensional (2D) in-plane CuS/Bi2WO6 p-n heterostructures have been successfully constructed by an in situ assembly strategy and characterized using XRD, XPS, SEM/TEM, EDX, UV-Vis-DRS, PL, TR-PL, ESR, and VB-XPS techniques. The XPS and the TEM results confirm the formation of CuS/Bi2WO6 heterostructures. The as-constructed CuS/Bi2WO6 showed excellent absorption in visible region and superior charge carrier separation efficiency due to the formation of a type-II heterojunctions. Under visible light irradiation, 0.1% CuS/Bi2WO6 heterostructure exhibited the best photo-Fenton-like catalytic performance. The degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B (RhB, 20 mg·L−1) can reach nearly 100% within 25 min, the apparent rate constant (kapp/min−1) is approximately 40.06 and 3.87 times higher than that of pure CuS and Bi2WO6, respectively. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl, 40mg·L−1) can reach 73% in 50 min by employing 0.1% CuS/Bi2WO6 heterostructure as a photo-Fenton-like catalyst. The promoted photo-Fenton catalytic activity of CuS/Bi2WO6 p-n heterostructures is partly ascribed to its low carriers recombination rate. Importantly, CuS in CuS/Bi2WO6 heterostructures is conducive to the formation of heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalytic system, in which Bi2WO6 provides a strong reaction site for CuS to avoid the loss of Cu2+ in Fenton reaction, resulting in its excellent stability and reusability. The possible photo-Fenton-like catalytic degradation mechanism of RhB and TC-HCl was also elucidated on the basis of energy band structure analysis and radical scavenger experiments. The present study provides strong evidence for CuS/Bi2WO6 heterostructures to be used as promising candidates for photo-Fenton treatment of organic pollutants.

Oxygen-doped and nitrogen vacancy co-modified carbon nitride for the efficient visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (38) ◽  
pp. 16320-16328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Wenting Guo ◽  
Yunpu Zhai ◽  
Qianwei Jin ◽  
Hao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Carbon Nitrides ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalytic

Typical non-metallic semiconductor carbon nitrides (CNs) have enormous potential in the field of photocatalysis, but the easy recombination of the photo-generated charges severely limits their practical applications.

scholarly journals Questionnaire-Based Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Hair Nicotine Levels in 6-month-old Infants: A Validation Study in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2096928
Author(s):  
Siti Rahayu Nadhiroh ◽  
Kusharisupeni Djokosujono ◽  
Diah Mulyawati Utari ◽  
Armedy Ronny Hasugian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Hair Samples

Objectives. Using hair nicotine as the gold standard, this study aimed to establish cutoff points and validate the questionnaire-based environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and ETS statuses of Indonesian infants. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was conducted among families who were participants of the Peer Health Cohort Study in Jakarta, Indonesia. Households with 6-month-old infants joined this study. The presence and amount of ETS exposure were assessed by both questionnaire and hair sampling for nicotine determination. Head hair samples were collected from 102 infants and measured by optimized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Infants were grouped as ETS-exposed if they lived with at least 1 smoker at home. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the sensitivity and specificity of cutoff values of hair nicotine. Results. There were 78 (76.5%) infants exposed to ETS based on the questionnaire. The nicotine concentrations in hair were significantly higher in infants with ETS exposure than in those without ETS exposure ( P < .001). The area under the curve for nicotine was 0.774. A hair nicotine cutoff value of 2.37 ng/mg, with a sensitivity of 67.95% and specificity of 83.33%, was identified as the optimal cutoff value for separating exposed from non-exposed to ETS in infants. Conclusion. The hair nicotine value of infants aged 6 months is useful in confirming the questionnaire on smoking in the household and exposure to ETS. Moreover, it also could be used to distinguish ETS-exposed from non-ETS-exposed infants.

scholarly journals Controlled release of essential oil from a rubberwood box using activated carbon to extend the shelf life of strawberries and its possible mode of action

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1726-1739
Author(s):  
Saifon Phothisuwan ◽  
Nirundorn Matan ◽  
Narumol Matan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Bergamot Oil

The controlled release of bergamot oil was evaluated from rubberwood boxes containing activated carbon and bergamot oil. Rubberwood boxes impregnated with different concentrations of bergamot oil (50, 100, and 300 µg g−1) with and without activated carbon were prepared. The treated rubberwood boxes were utilized to store strawberries at 6 °C for 21 d, while boxes with only activated carbon were used as a control. The inhibitory effects relative to Botrytis cinerea growth and quality of the strawberries after storage in rubberwood box were investigated. The microstructure of the rubberwood was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to quantify the volatile compounds. The rubberwood boxes with activated carbon and 100 µg g−1 of bergamot oil were found to inhibit Botrytis cinerea growth on strawberries and extend their shelf life for at least 21 d. Compared to rubberwood boxes without activated carbon, activated carbon was able to retard the release of bergamot oil into the system, yielding increased strawberry quality. Releasing less bioactive components from bergamot oil could decrease undesirable effects on strawberries, e.g., tissue, weight loss, flavour, and colour changes.

Ni nanoparticles supported on graphitic carbon nitride as visible light catalysts for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3506-3513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyi Gao ◽  
Yongsheng Yu ◽  
Weiwei Yang ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Shichong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ammonia Borane ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Ni Nanoparticles ◽  
Noble Metal Catalyst ◽  
Practical Applications

The development of a robust and low-cost non-noble metal catalyst for photocatalytic H2 evolution is of great importance for practical applications.

scholarly journals Hybrid bilayer plasmonic metasurface efficiently manipulates visible light

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e1501168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qin ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Francesco Monticone ◽  
Chan Choy Chum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Ohmic Loss ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Flat Design ◽  
One Step ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Low Efficiency

Metasurfaces operating in the cross-polarization scheme have shown an interesting degree of control over the wavefront of transmitted light. Nevertheless, their inherently low efficiency in visible light raises certain concerns for practical applications. Without sacrificing the ultrathin flat design, we propose a bilayer plasmonic metasurface operating at visible frequencies, obtained by coupling a nanoantenna-based metasurface with its complementary Babinet-inverted copy. By breaking the radiation symmetry because of the finite, yet small, thickness of the proposed structure and benefitting from properly tailored intra- and interlayer couplings, such coupled bilayer metasurface experimentally yields a conversion efficiency of 17%, significantly larger than that of earlier single-layer designs, as well as an extinction ratio larger than 0 dB, meaning that anomalous refraction dominates the transmission response. Our finding shows that metallic metasurface can counterintuitively manipulate the visible light as efficiently as dielectric metasurface (~20% in conversion efficiency in Lin et al.’s study), although the metal’s ohmic loss is much higher than dielectrics. Our hybrid bilayer design, still being ultrathin (~λ/6), is found to obey generalized Snell’s law even in the presence of strong couplings. It is capable of efficiently manipulating visible light over a broad bandwidth and can be realized with a facile one-step nanofabrication process.

scholarly journals Nanocouplers for Infrared and Visible Light

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andryieuski ◽  
A. V. Lavrinenko
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Waveguide Section ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plasmonic Structures ◽  
Tapered Waveguide ◽  
Physical Principles

An efficient and compact coupler—a device that matches a microwaveguide and a nanowaveguide—is an essential component for practical applications of nanophotonic systems. The number of coupling approaches has been rapidly increasing in the past ten years with the help of plasmonic structures and metamaterials. In this paper we overview recent as well as common solutions for nanocoupling. More specifically we consider the physical principles of operation of the devices based on a tapered waveguide section, a direct coupler, a lens, and a scatterer and support them with a number of examples.

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