scholarly journals Neurohypophysial Hormones Associated with Osmotic Challenges in the Brain and Pituitary of the Euryhaline Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3086
Author(s):  
Adimoolam Aruna ◽  
Chien-Ju Lin ◽  
Ganesan Nagarajan ◽  
Ching-Fong Chang
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Acanthopagrus Schlegelii ◽  
Neurohypophysial Hormones ◽  
Black Porgy ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
The Brain

Our study showed differential expression of the arginine vasotocin (avt)/isotocin (it) in the brain and pituitary gland of the euryhaline black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) during osmotic stress. A decrease in serum osmolality and increased cortisol levels were observed after acute transfer from seawater (SW) to freshwater (FW). The increased expressions of avt, avt receptor (avtr: v1a), and isotocin receptor (itr: itr1) transcripts on day 1 and it and itr transcripts on days 7 and 30 were found in the brains and pituitary glands of FW fish. Increased levels of avt mRNA in the diencephalon and avtr mRNA in the pituitary together with serum cortisol on day 1 of FW exposure indicated activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis. The expression levels of avtr and itr after FW transfer were increased in the pituitary on days 7 and 30. Furthermore, in situ hybridization demonstrated spatially differential expression of avt and itr transcripts in nucleus preopticus parvocellularis of pars gigantocellularis (PMgc), magnocellularis (PMmc), and parvocellularis (PMpc) of the preoptic area (POA). Positive signals for avt and it were highly abundant in PMpc after FW exposure. The data suggest involvement of neurohypophysial hormones in the brain (telencephalon and diencephalon) and pituitary for osmotic stress.

Differential expression of cadherin-2 and cadherin-4 in the developing and adult zebrafish visual system

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. LIU ◽  
S.G. BABB ◽  
Z.M. NOVINCE ◽  
A.L. DOEDENS ◽  
J. MARRS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
The Brain

Cadherins are homophilic cell adhesion molecules that control development of a variety of tissues and maintenance of adult structures. Although cadherins have been implicated in the development of the brain, including the visual system, in several vertebrate species, little is known of their role in zebrafish. In this study, we examined distribution of cadherin-2 (Cdh2, N-cadherin) in the visual system of developing and adult zebrafish using both immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization methods, and we compared Cdh2 distribution to that of the previously reported and closely related cadherin-4 (Cdh4, R-cadherin). As in other vertebrates, in zebrafish embryos Cdh2 was widely expressed in the early nervous system, but its expression became more restricted as development proceeded. Cdh4 was not detectable until later in development, at about the time when the first ganglion cells are generated. Cdh2 and Cdh4 were expressed in distinct regions of developing visual structures, including the lens. We hypothesize that the differential expression of these two cadherins in developing zebrafish visual structures reflects functionally different roles in the development of the vertebrate visual system.

scholarly journals Differential expression of five prosomatostatin genes in the central nervous system of the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sobrido-Cameán ◽  
Herve Tostivint ◽  
Sylvie Mazan ◽  
María Celina Rodicio ◽  
Isabel Rodríguez-Moldes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Central Canal ◽  
Scyliorhinus Canicula ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Reticular Neurons ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTFive prosomatostatin genes (PSST1, PSST2, PSST3, PSST5 and PSST6) have been recently identified in elasmobranchs (Tostivint, Gaillard, Mazan, & Pézeron, 2019). In order to gain insight into the contribution of each somatostatin to specific nervous systems circuits and behaviors in this important jawed vertebrate group, we studied the distribution of neurons expressing PSST mRNAs in the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula using in situ hybridization with specific probes for the five PSSTs transcripts. Additionally, we combined in situ hybridization with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunochemistry for better localization of some PSSTs-positive populations. The five PSST genes showed expression in the brain, although with important differences in distribution. PSST1 and PSST6 were widely expressed in different brain regions. Instead, PSST2 and PSST3 were expressed only in the ventral hypothalamus and in some hindbrain lateral reticular neurons, whereas PSST5 was only expressed in the region of the entopeduncular nucleus. PSST1 and PSST6 were expressed by numerous pallial neurons, although in different populations judging from the colocalization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity and PSST6 expression in pallial neurons and the absence of colocalization between TH and PSST1 expression. Differential expression of PSST1 and PSST6 was also observed in the subpallium, hypothalamus, diencephalon, optic tectum, midbrain tegmentum and rhombencephalon. Expression of PSST1 was observed in numerous cerebrospinal fluid-contacting (CSF-c) neurons of the paraventricular organ of the hypothalamus and the central canal of the spinal cord. These wide differences in expression of PSST genes together with the numerous brain nuclei expressing PSSTs, indicate that catshark somatostatinergic neurons are implicated differentially in a number of neural circuits.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of Hypothalamic and Gill-crh System With Osmotic Stress in the Euryhaline Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adimoolam Aruna ◽  
Tsan-Ping Wang ◽  
Jyun-Cing Cao ◽  
Dan-Suei Lan ◽  
Ganesan Nagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gill Filament ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Acanthopagrus Schlegelii ◽  
Black Porgy ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Mrna Hybridization

The local gill production of corticotropin releasing hormone (crh) and crh-receptor (crhr) is hypothesized to play important roles during seawater (SW) and freshwater (FW) acclimation in euryhaline black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). The mRNA expression of crh, crhr, and Na+/K+-ATPase (a-nka) was examined in SW and FW diencephalon (Dien) and in the gills at different exposure time by Q-PCR analysis. The in situ hybridization results indicate that crh mRNA hybridization signals were more abundant in FW fish in the gigantocellular (PMgc) and parvocellular (PMpc) part of the magnocellular preoptic nucleus versus SW fish. The crh and crhr-expressing cells were located in basal cells of gill filament. Furthermore, in vitro dexamethasone (DEX) treatment could increase the crh-system in the gill. Increased transcripts of the crh-system in the gill via in vitro and in vivo CRH treatments suggest that CRH may regulate the system in a local manner. The a-Nka cells were localized in the filament and secondary lamellae mitochondria rich cells (MRCs) of FW fish at 8 h and 1 day. a-Nka cells were seen in both filament and lamellae in the FW but much less in SW fish indicating that gills play key roles in black porgy osmoregulation. Gill crh and crhr play important roles in the response to salinity stress.

Investigation of a mark-recapture method of black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, in Daya Bay using plastic oval tags

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Yan LIU ◽  
Changping YANG ◽  
Binbin SHAN ◽  
Dianrong SUN ◽  
Shengnan LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daya Bay ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Acanthopagrus Schlegelii ◽  
Black Porgy

Substituted N,N-Dimethyl-3-(phenylthio)- and -4-(phenylthio)benzylamines

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Šindelář ◽  
Vojtěch Kmoníček ◽  
Marta Hrubantová ◽  
Zdeněk Polívka
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Receptors ◽  
Hydrobromic Acid ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Acid Chlorides ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
The Brain

(Arylthio)benzoic acids IIa - IIe and VIb - VId were transformed via the acid chlorides to the N,N-dimethylamides which were reduced either with diborane "in situ" or with lithium aluminium hydride to N,N-dimethyl-(arylthio)benzylamines Ia - Ie and Vb - Vd. Leuckart reaction of the aldehydes IX and X with dimethylformamide and formic acid afforded directly the amines Va and Ve. Demethylation of the methoxy compounds Ia and Ve with hydrobromic acid resulted in the phenolic amines If and Vf. The most interesting N,N-dimethyl-4-(phenylthio)benzylamine (Va) hydrochloride showed affinity to cholinergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors in the rat brain and some properties considered indicative of antidepressant activity (inhibition of serotonin re-uptake in the brain and potentiation of yohimbine toxicity in mice).

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