scholarly journals Role and Involvement of TENM4 and miR-708 in Breast Cancer Development and Therapy

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Giulia Peppino ◽  
Federica Riccardo ◽  
Maddalena Arigoni ◽  
Elisabetta Bolli ◽  
Giuseppina Barutello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
System Development ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Teneurin 4 (TENM4) is a transmembrane protein that is codified by the ODZ4 gene and is involved in nervous system development, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal differentiation. In line with its involvement in the nervous system, TENM4 has also been implicated in several mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism. TENM4 mutations and rearrangements have recently been identified in a number of tumors. This, combined with impaired expression in tumors, suggests that it may potentially be involved in tumorigenesis. Most of the TENM4 mutations that are observed in tumors occur in breast cancer, in which TENM4 plays a role in cells’ migration and stemness. However, the functional role that TENM4 plays in breast cancer still needs to be better evaluated, and further studies are required to better understand the involvement of TENM4 in breast cancer progression. Herein, we review the currently available data for TENM4′s role in breast cancer and propose its use as both a novel target with which to ameliorate patient prognosis and as a potential biomarker. Moreover, we also report data on the tumorigenic role of miR-708 deregulation and the possible use of this miRNA as a novel therapeutic molecule, as miR-708 is spliced out from TENM4 mRNA.

scholarly journals Enabled homolog shown to be a potential biomarker and prognostic indicator for breast cancer by bioinformatics analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. E186-E195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yan-Ling Su ◽  
Min Zeng ◽  
Wei-Xi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
System Development ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Background: Human enabled homolog (ENAH; also known as human ortholog of mammalian enabled, hMENA) is a member of the enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphor protein family that regulates fibroblast movement and nervous system development. The ENAH over-expression promotes breast cancer (BC) cell invasion and metastasis. Methods: We studied ENAH mRNA expression in various tumors and normal tissues using the ONCOMINE database, and in an array of cancer cell lines using Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia data. We also investigated the prognostic value of ENAH expression in patients with BC using Kaplan-Meier plots. Results: Compared with normal tissues, ENAH expression levels were markedly elevated in BC. We identified a correlation between low ENAH and superior relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with BC; specifically, those with ER(-), HER-2(+), Grade 3 and wild-type TP53 subtypes. Additionally, a correlation was detected between low ENAH and prolonged overall survival of patients with luminal B disease. Conclusion: ENAH is a potential biomarker and important prognostic factor in BC.

scholarly journals Role of lysophosphatidic acid and its receptors in health and disease: novel therapeutic strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Medeiros Geraldo ◽  
Tânia Cristina Leite de Sampaio Spohr ◽  
Rackele Ferreira do Amaral ◽  
Anna Carolina Carvalho da Fonseca ◽  
Celina Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Differential Signaling ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractLysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an abundant bioactive phospholipid, with multiple functions both in development and in pathological conditions. Here, we review the literature about the differential signaling of LPA through its specific receptors, which makes this lipid a versatile signaling molecule. This differential signaling is important for understanding how this molecule can have such diverse effects during central nervous system development and angiogenesis; and also, how it can act as a powerful mediator of pathological conditions, such as neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer progression. Ultimately, we review the preclinical and clinical uses of Autotaxin, LPA, and its receptors as therapeutic targets, approaching the most recent data of promising molecules modulating both LPA production and signaling. This review aims to summarize the most update knowledge about the mechanisms of LPA production and signaling in order to understand its biological functions in the central nervous system both in health and disease.

Antenatal Glucocorticoids Supplementation and Central Nervous System Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Diego Gazzolo ◽  
Laura D. Serpero ◽  
Alessandro Frigiola ◽  
Raul Abella ◽  
Alessandro Giamberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Central Nervous System Development

scholarly journals Incorporation of 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine into DNA and Proliferative Behavior of Cerebellar Neuroblasts: All That Glitters Is Not Gold

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1453
Author(s):  
Joaquín Martí-Clúa
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Pyrimidine Analog

The synthetic halogenated pyrimidine analog, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), is a marker of DNA synthesis. This exogenous nucleoside has generated important insights into the cellular mechanisms of the central nervous system development in a variety of animals including insects, birds, and mammals. Despite this, the detrimental effects of the incorporation of BrdU into DNA on proliferation and viability of different types of cells has been frequently neglected. This review will summarize and present the effects of a pulse of BrdU, at doses ranging from 25 to 300 µg/g, or repeated injections. The latter, following the method of the progressively delayed labeling comprehensive procedure. The prenatal and perinatal development of the cerebellum are studied. These current data have implications for the interpretation of the results obtained by this marker as an index of the generation, migration, and settled pattern of neurons in the developing central nervous system. Caution should be exercised when interpreting the results obtained using BrdU. This is particularly important when high or repeated doses of this agent are injected. I hope that this review sheds light on the effects of this toxic maker. It may be used as a reference for toxicologists and neurobiologists given the broad use of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine to label dividing cells.

Editorial overview: Microtubules in nervous system development

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Frank Bradke ◽  
Antonina Roll‐Mecak
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development

scholarly journals Deregulation of protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor SET is associated with malignant progression in breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Tozuka ◽  
Pattama Wongsirisin ◽  
Shigenori E. Nagai ◽  
Yasuhito Kobayashi ◽  
Miki Kanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Protein Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Recurrent Breast Cancer ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Phosphatase 2A ◽  
Mcf 7

AbstractTo understand the mechanism underlying metastasis, identification of a mechanism-based and common biomarker for circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in heterogenous breast cancer is needed. SET, an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A, was overexpressed in all subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma tissues. Treatment with SET-targeted siRNAs reduced the motility of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in transwell assay. SET knockdown reduced the number of mammospheres by 60–70% in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which was associated with the downregulation of OCT4 and SLUG. Hence, we analysed the presence of SET-expressing CTCs (SET-CTCs) in 24 breast cancer patients. CTCs were enriched using a size-based method and then immunocytochemically analysed using an anti-SET antibody. SET-CTCs were detected in 6/6 (100%) patients with recurrent breast cancer with a median value of 12 (12 cells/3 mL blood), and in 13/18 (72.2%) patients with stage I–III breast cancer with a median value of 2.5, while the median value of healthy controls was 0. Importantly, high numbers of SET-CTCs were correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients with stage I–III disease. Our results indicate that SET contributes to breast cancer progression and can act as a potential biomarker of CTCs for the detection of metastasis.

scholarly journals Oncogenic UBE3C promotes breast cancer progression by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Hang ◽  
Shanojie Zhao ◽  
Tiejun Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Ubiquitin Protein Ligase ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
First Time ◽  
Breast Tissues

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common female malignancy worldwide and has the highest morbidity among all cancers in females. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of BrCa growth and metastasis, which lead to a poor prognosis in BrCa patients, have not been well characterized. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a BrCa tissue microarray (TMA) containing 80 samples to evaluate ubiquitin protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) expression. In addition, a series of cellular experiments were conducted to reveal the role of UBE3C in BrCa. Results In this research, we identified UBE3C as an oncogenic factor in BrCa growth and metastasis for the first time. UBE3C expression was upregulated in BrCa tissues compared with adjacent breast tissues. BrCa patients with high nuclear UBE3C expression in tumors showed remarkably worse overall survival (OS) than those with low nuclear expression. Knockdown of UBE3C expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 BrCa cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, while overexpression of UBE3C in these cells exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, UBE3C promoted β-catenin nuclear accumulation, leading to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BrCa cells. Conclusion Collectively, these results imply that UBE3C plays crucial roles in BrCa development and progression and that UBE3C may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of BrCa.

scholarly journals Neurons interact with the microbiome: an evolutionary-informed perspective

Neuroforum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Giez ◽  
Alexander Klimovich ◽  
Thomas C. G. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Strategic Model ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
And Function

Abstract Animals have evolved within the framework of microbes and are constantly exposed to diverse microbiota. Microbes colonize most, if not all, animal epithelia and influence the activity of many organs, including the nervous system. Therefore, any consideration on nervous system development and function in the absence of the recognition of microbes will be incomplete. Here, we review the current knowledge on the nervous systems of Hydra and its role in the host–microbiome communication. We show that recent advances in molecular and imaging methods are allowing a comprehensive understanding of the capacity of such a seemingly simple nervous system in the context of the metaorganism. We propose that the development, function and evolution of neural circuits must be considered in the context of host–microbe interactions and present Hydra as a strategic model system with great basic and translational relevance for neuroscience.

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