scholarly journals Advances in Electrochemical Aptasensors Based on Carbon Nanomaterials

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Gennady Evtugyn ◽  
Anna Porfireva ◽  
Rezeda Shamagsumova ◽  
Tibor Hianik
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Signal Generation ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Measurement Mode

Carbon nanomaterials offer unique opportunities for the assembling of electrochemical aptasensors due to their high electroconductivity, redox activity, compatibility with biochemical receptors and broad possibilities of functionalization and combination with other auxiliary reagents. In this review, the progress in the development of electrochemical aptasensors based on carbon nanomaterials in 2016–2020 is considered with particular emphasis on the role of carbon materials in aptamer immobilization and signal generation. The synthesis and properties of carbon nanotubes, graphene materials, carbon nitride, carbon black particles and fullerene are described and their implementation in the electrochemical biosensors are summarized. Examples of electrochemical aptasensors are classified in accordance with the content of the surface layer and signal measurement mode. In conclusion, the drawbacks and future prospects of carbon nanomaterials’ application in electrochemical aptasensors are briefly discussed.

Modeling, Design, and Applications of the Gas Sensors Based on Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
pp. 920-946
Author(s):  
Rafael Vargas-Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
The Impact

Gas sensing continues attracting research communities due to its potential applications in the sectors military, industrial and commercial. A special emphasis is placed on the use of carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, as sensing materials. The chapter will be divided as follows: In the first part, a description of the main topologies and materials (carbon nanomaterials plus polymers, metals, ceramics or combinations between these groups) used to fabricate gas sensors based on graphene and carbon nanotubes that are operated by conductance or resistance electrical, is realized. Next, different mathematical models that can be used to simulate gas sensors based on these materials are presented. In the third part, the impact of the graphene and carbon nanotubes on gas sensors is exemplified with technical advances achieved until now. Finally, it is provided a prospective analysis on the role of the gas sensors based on carbon nanomaterials in the next decades.

scholarly journals Carbon nanomaterials as new tools for immunotherapeutic applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 6144-6156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Battigelli ◽  
Cécilia Ménard-Moyon ◽  
Alberto Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Carbon Based

The possibility to exploit carbon-based nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes and graphene as immunotherapeutic agents has interesting future prospects. In particular, their applications for anticancer treatment, imaging and vaccine development, together with their immunomodulator properties are highlighted.

Molecular nanoarchitectures composed of porphyrins and carbon nanomaterials for light energy conversion

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 301-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taku Hasobe ◽  
Hayato Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanohorns ◽  
Light Energy Conversion

In this review, we report the recent advances in the construction of composite molecular nanoarchitectures of porphyrins and nanoscale carbon materials such carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) for photoinduced electron transfer and light energy conversion. First, we state novel single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)-driven aggregation of protonated porphyrins to produce supramolecular assemblies in the form of macroscopic bundles. Then, photoinduced electron transfer in self-assembled single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/zinc porphyrin (ZnP) hybrids utilizing (7,6)- and (6,5)-enriched SWCNTs having different band gaps is reported. Further, we discuss the structural and photoelectrochemical properties of porphyrin-based molecular assemblies of other carbon materials such as stacked-cup carbon nanotubes (SCCNT), carbon nanohorns (CNH) and graphenes. Finally, novel supramolecular patterning formation composed of triphenylene core-centered porphyrin hexamers for electronics is discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Carbon Materials in the Removal of Organic Pollutants: An Abridged Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1974-1997
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Area And Volume

The unraveling of ill-effects of organic pollutants like pesticides and dyes has been showcased with various devastating incidents worldwide, which seriously affect aquatic biota. Even still, it can around 180000 fatalities per year noted in developing countries due to pesticide poisoning. Besides concomitant organic pollutants, organic dyes like azo dyes are highly persistent, non-biodegradable, and carcinogenic. On peeping into perils of pesticides and dyes, a birds-eye focused on different methods for their wiped out from water bodies. In recent times, the adsorbents like carbon nanotubes and graphene were being used in the adsorption method for their elimination. Additionally, graphene properties include a ratio of rich surface area and volume, honeycomb structure rich in aromatic appearing like a large polyaromatic molecule, and good chemical stability induced metamorphosis into adept nano adsorbents. Furthermore, the methods of adsorption, kinetics, and mechanism are also reported in this review to elicits the extent of adsorption. However, the purview of this present review was about graphene materials and their impact in removing dyes and pesticides through the adsorption method.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanostructures, Nanolayers, and Their Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2368
Author(s):  
Nikola Slepičková Slepičková Kasálková ◽  
Petr Slepička ◽  
Václav Švorčík
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Forms Of Carbon ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hybrid Carbon Materials ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The versatility of the arrangement of C atoms with the formation of different allotropes and phases has led to the discovery of several new structures with unique properties. Carbon nanomaterials are currently very attractive nanomaterials due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. One of these is the development of superconductivity, for example, in graphite intercalated superconductors, single-walled carbon nanotubes, B-doped diamond, etc. Not only various forms of carbon materials but also carbon-related materials have aroused extraordinary theoretical and experimental interest. Hybrid carbon materials are good candidates for high current densities at low applied electric fields due to their negative electron affinity. The right combination of two different nanostructures, CNF or carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, has led to some very interesting sensors with applications in electrochemical biosensors, biomolecules, and pharmaceutical compounds. Carbon materials have a number of unique properties. In order to increase their potential application and applicability in different industries and under different conditions, they are often combined with other types of material (most often polymers or metals). The resulting composite materials have significantly improved properties.

scholarly journals Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2015-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Scardamaglia ◽  
Carla Bittencourt
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Science ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Scientific Questions

In this review, we discuss the use of doped carbon nanomaterials in catalysis, a subject that is currently intensively studied. The availability of carbon nanotubes since the 1990’s and of graphene ten years later prompted the development of novel nanotechnologies. We review this topic linking fundamental surface science to the field of catalysis giving a timely picture of the state of the art. The main scientific questions that material scientists have addressed in the last decades are described, in particular the enduring debate on the role of the different nitrogen functionalities in the catalytic activity of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and graphene.

Modeling, Design, and Applications of the Gas Sensors Based on Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
pp. 181-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Vargas-Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
The Impact

Gas sensing continues attracting research communities due to its potential applications in the sectors military, industrial and commercial. A special emphasis is placed on the use of carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, as sensing materials. The chapter will be divided as follows: In the first part, a description of the main topologies and materials (carbon nanomaterials plus polymers, metals, ceramics or combinations between these groups) used to fabricate gas sensors based on graphene and carbon nanotubes that are operated by conductance or resistance electrical, is realized. Next, different mathematical models that can be used to simulate gas sensors based on these materials are presented. In the third part, the impact of the graphene and carbon nanotubes on gas sensors is exemplified with technical advances achieved until now. Finally, it is provided a prospective analysis on the role of the gas sensors based on carbon nanomaterials in the next decades.

scholarly journals The role of carbon nanotubes on the sensitivity of composites with polyaniline for ammonia sensors

Carbon Trends ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100026
Author(s):  
Marcelo Eising ◽  
Colin O'Callaghan ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Cava ◽  
Ariane Schmidt ◽  
Aldo José Gorgatti Zarbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ammonia Sensors

scholarly journals The Role of Peptides in the Design of Electrochemical Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Patrick Severin Sfragano ◽  
Giulia Moro ◽  
Federico Polo ◽  
Ilaria Palchetti
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers ◽  
Target Analyte

Peptides represent a promising class of biorecognition elements that can be coupled to electrochemical transducers. The benefits lie mainly in their stability and selectivity toward a target analyte. Furthermore, they can be synthesized rather easily and modified with specific functional groups, thus making them suitable for the development of novel architectures for biosensing platforms, as well as alternative labelling tools. Peptides have also been proposed as antibiofouling agents. Indeed, biofouling caused by the accumulation of biomolecules on electrode surfaces is one of the major issues and challenges to be addressed in the practical application of electrochemical biosensors. In this review, we summarise trends from the last three years in the design and development of electrochemical biosensors using synthetic peptides. The different roles of peptides in the design of electrochemical biosensors are described. The main procedures of selection and synthesis are discussed. Selected applications in clinical diagnostics are also described.

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