scholarly journals Projected Impacts of Climate Change on the Protected Areas of Myanmar

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Thazin Nwe ◽  
Robert J. Zomer ◽  
Richard T. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Spatial Modeling ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
Environmental Stratification ◽  
Open Forests ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Protected areas are the backbone of biodiversity conservation but are fixed in space and vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change. Myanmar is exceptionally rich in biodiversity but has a small protected area system. This study aimed to assess the potential vulnerability of this system to climate change. In the absence of good biodiversity data, we used a spatial modeling approach based on a statistically derived bioclimatic stratification (the Global Environmental Stratification, GEnS) to understand the spatial implications of projected climate change for Myanmar’s protected area system by 2050 and 2070. Nine bioclimatic zones and 41 strata were recognized in Myanmar, but their representation in the protected area system varied greatly, with the driest zones especially underrepresented. Under climate change, most zones will shift upslope, with some protected areas projected to change entirely to a new bioclimate. Potential impacts on biodiversity include mountaintop extinctions of species endemic to isolated peaks, loss of climate specialists from small protected areas and those with little elevational range, and woody encroachment into savannas and open forests as a result of both climate change and rising atmospheric CO2. Myanmar needs larger, better connected, and more representative protected areas, but political, social, and economic problems make this difficult.

scholarly journals The Sustainability of Thailand’s Protected-Area System under Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2868
Author(s):  
Nirunrut Pomoim ◽  
Robert J. Zomer ◽  
Alice C. Hughes ◽  
Richard T. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Spatial Reorganization ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Environmental Stratification ◽  
Earth System Models

Protected areas are the backbone of biodiversity conservation but vulnerable to climate change. Thailand has a large and well-planned protected area system, covering most remaining natural vegetation. A statistically derived global environmental stratification (GEnS) was used to predict changes in bioclimatic conditions across the protected area system for 2050 and 2070, based on projections from three CMIP5 earth system models and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Five bioclimatic zones were identified composed of 28 strata. Substantial spatial reorganization of bioclimates is projected in the next 50 years, even under RCP2.6, while under RCP8.5 the average upward shift for all zones by 2070 is 328–483 m and the coolest zone disappears with two models. Overall, 7.9–31.0% of Thailand’s land area will change zone by 2070, and 31.7–90.2% will change stratum. The consequences for biodiversity are less clear, particularly in the lowlands where the existing vegetation mosaic is determined largely by factors other than climate. Increasing connectivity of protected areas along temperature and rainfall gradients would allow species to migrate in response to climate change, but this will be difficult in much of Thailand. For isolated protected areas and species that cannot move fast enough, more active, species-specific interventions may be necessary.

Climate change and protected areas policy, planning and management in Canada's boreal forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Scott ◽  
Christopher Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
International Scientific Community ◽  
System Planning ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

For over a decade, the international scientific community and protected areas professionals have recognized that climate change will have critical implications for protected areas policy, planning and management. However, only a limited literature to date has focused on the implications of climate change for specific protected areas jurisdictions (i.e., national and/or provincial/territorial parks systems). This paper provides an overview of the potential impacts of climate change on Canada's system of boreal protected areas, highlighting the cross-jurisdictional policy, planning and management sensitivities in this biome. Results of a nation-wide climate change survey with protected area organizations are also presented, which reveal a strong incongruity between the perceived salience of climate change for protected area policy and management and a lack of available resources to provide capacity to deal with the challenge of climate change adaptation. To safeguard against the limitations of traditional protected areas system planning, and to ensure the persistence of boreal ecodiversity over the 21st century and beyond, we call for more rigorous and practical discussion by Canadian protected areas agencies and organizations on the issue of climate change and for a collective and proactive management response. Key words: protected areas, climate change, boreal forest, Canada, adaptation, impacts, policy, planning, management

scholarly journals Can protected areas mitigate the impacts of climate change on bird's species and communities?

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gaüzère ◽  
Frédéric Jiguet ◽  
Vincent Devictor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Projected impacts of climate change on a continent-wide protected area network

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Hole ◽  
Stephen G. Willis ◽  
Deborah J. Pain ◽  
Lincoln D. Fishpool ◽  
Stuart H. M. Butchart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Protected Area Network ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Political Challenges of the Climate-Changed Society

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
David Schlosberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
The Political ◽  
Global Environmental Governance ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

We are at a turning point when it comes to the political implications of climate change. Given the reality of a future in a climate-changed world, it is time for us—broadly as a species, but particularly as academics—to move beyond the foci of the last few decades on the politics of preventing climate change through global agreements. There is a growing literature on the obvious need to slow the impacts of climate change, develop postcarbon energy systems, and design new forms of global environmental governance. Beyond these immediate needs, however, climate change poses a range of new problems and requires a broader research agenda for a climate-challenged politics.

scholarly journals Tropical Protected Areas Under Increasing Threats from Climate Change and Deforestation

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyn Tabor ◽  
Jennifer Hewson ◽  
Hsin Tien ◽  
Mariano González-Roglich ◽  
David Hole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Humid Tropical Forest ◽  
Global Drivers

Identifying protected areas most susceptible to climate change and deforestation represents critical information for determining conservation investments. Development of effective landscape interventions is required to ensure the preservation and protection of these areas essential to ecosystem service provision, provide high biodiversity value, and serve a critical habitat connectivity role. We identified vulnerable protected areas in the humid tropical forest biome using climate metrics for 2050 and future deforestation risk for 2024 modeled from historical deforestation and global drivers of deforestation. Results show distinct continental and regional patterns of combined threats to protected areas. Eleven Mha (2%) of global humid tropical protected area was exposed to the highest combined threats and should be prioritized for investments in landscape interventions focused on adaptation to climate stressors. Global tropical protected area exposed to the lowest deforestation risk but highest climate risks totaled 135 Mha (26%). Thirty-five percent of South America’s protected area fell into this risk category and should be prioritized for increasing protected area size and connectivity to facilitate species movement. Global humid tropical protected area exposed to a combination of the lowest deforestation and lowest climate risks totaled 89 Mha (17%), and were disproportionately located in Africa (34%) and Asia (17%), indicating opportunities for low-risk conservation investments for improved connectivity to these potential climate refugia. This type of biome-scale, protected area analysis, combining both climate change and deforestation threats, is critical to informing policies and landscape interventions to maximize investments for environmental conservation and increase ecosystem resilience to climate change.

scholarly journals The Economics of Climate Change in Agriculture of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Zh. B. Bolatova ◽  
◽  
S. Engindeniz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Ecology And Economy ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

At the end of the XX - beginning of the XXI century, there are global processes of climate change under the influence of anthropogenic factors, the preservation of these trends entail extreme and almost irreversible consequences. It is obvious that climate change affects agricultural production and its productivity throughout the world. The climate change economy is an innovative economy direction that emerged at the junction of ecology and economy and global environmental requirements are conditioned. The agriculture one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions, can play an important role in mitigating the effects of climate change. The principles of the economy of climate change are aimed at solving two key issues: achieving "improved growth" and achieving an "improved climate". Objectives of the review: to analyze the global processes of climate change; to study the economic impacts of climate change on agriculture in Kazakhstan; consider a system of measures to prevent global climate change in the context of the climate change economy. For review have used different literature as IPCC, WMO, WTO, FАО, UNEP, UNFCCC, UNDP, IMF, WB, ОEСD, KAZHYDROMET, IRRI, Committee of the Statistics of the Kazakhstan reports and etc.

scholarly journals The capacity to adapt?: communities in a changing climate, environment, and economy on the northern Andaman coast of Thailand

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bennett ◽  
Philip Dearden ◽  
Alin Kadfak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The health and productivity of marine ecosystems, habitats, and fisheries are deteriorating on the Andaman coast of Thailand. Because of their high dependence on natural resources and proximity to the ocean, coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to climate-induced changes in the marine environment. These communities must also adapt to the impacts of management interventions and conservation initiatives, including marine protected areas, which have livelihood implications. Further, communities on the Andaman coast are also experiencing a range of new economic opportunities associated in particular with tourism and agriculture. These complex and ongoing changes require integrated assessment of, and deliberate planning to increase, the adaptive capacity of communities so that they may respond to: (1) environmental degradation and fisheries declines through effective management interventions or conservation initiatives, (2) new economic opportunities to reduce dependence on fisheries, and (3) the increasing impacts of climate change. Our results are from a mixed methods study, which used surveys and interviews to examine multiple dimensions of the adaptive capacity of seven island communities near marine protected areas on the Andaman coast of Thailand. Results show that communities had low adaptive capacity with respect to environmental degradation and fisheries declines, and to management and conservation interventions, as well as uneven levels of adaptive capacity to economic opportunities. Though communities and households were experiencing the impacts of climate change, especially storm events, changing seasons and weather patterns, and erosion, they were reacting to these changes with limited knowledge of climate change per se. We recommend interventions, in the form of policies, programs, and actions, at multiple scales for increasing the adaptive capacity of Thailand’s coastal communities to change. The analytical and methodological approach used for examining adaptive capacity could be easily modified and applied to other contexts and locales.

scholarly journals Modification of forests by people means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Grantham ◽  
A. Duncan ◽  
T. D. Evans ◽  
K. Jones ◽  
H. Beyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Continuous Index ◽  
Landscape Level

AbstractMany global environmental agendas, including halting biodiversity loss, reversing land degradation, and limiting climate change, depend upon retaining forests with high ecological integrity, yet the scale and degree of forest modification remains poorly quantified and mapped. By integrating data on observed and inferred human pressures and an index of lost connectivity, we generate the first globally-consistent, continuous index of forest condition as determined by degree of anthropogenic modification. Globally, only 17.4 million km2 of forest (40.5%) have high landscape level integrity (mostly found in Canada, Russia, the Amazon, Central Africa and New Guinea) and only 27% of this area is found in nationally-designated protected areas. Of the forest in protected areas, only 56% has high landscape level integrity. Ambitious policies that prioritize the retention of forest integrity, especially in the most intact areas, are now urgently needed alongside current efforts aimed at halting deforestation and restoring the integrity of forests globally.

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