scholarly journals Effects of Cognitive Sensory Motor Training on Lower Extremity Muscle Strength and Balance in Post Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-649
Author(s):  
Kyung-Hun Kim ◽  
Sang-Hun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Balance Ability

Background: Sensory motor impairment, the most common neuromuscular condition in stroke patients, often contributes to muscle weakness and imbalance. Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of cognitive sensory-motor training (CSMT) on the muscle strength and balance ability in post-stroke patients. Methods: Thirty-five participants after stroke were randomly assigned to the CSMT (n = 17) or control group (n = 18). All participants received 30 min of training each time, five times per week, for six weeks. Lower extremity muscle strength of tibialis anterior (LEMTA) was evaluated using a digital muscular dynamometer. The Medical Research Council (MRC) scale was used to evaluate muscle strengths of the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint. For balance ability test, the center of pressure (COP) movement distance and limited of stability (LOS) were measured using BioRescue. Results: LEMTA, MRC scale, balance ability were significantly more improved in the CSMT group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that CSMT is beneficial and effective for improving muscle strength of the lower extremity and balance ability of post-stroke patients.

Self-Managed Music-Guided Exercise Intervention Improved Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength for ICU Survivors—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110502
Author(s):  
Zhan Liang ◽  
Hilary Yip ◽  
Kimberly Sena Moore ◽  
Tanira Ferreira ◽  
Ming Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of a self-managed music-guided exercise intervention on muscle strength among intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Methods We used a two-arm randomized-controlled trial. Following ICU discharge, eligible participants were assigned to one of two groups: music group ( n = 13) or active control group ( n = 13). The music group was taught to self-manage upper and lower extremity exercise movements by listening to an individualized music-guided playlist twice daily for 5 days. The active control group was provided an exercise brochure and advised to perform the same exercises at the same intervals. Dynamometers were used to measure muscle strength. T-tests and Weighted GEE models were used for testing the intervention effect between groups. Results Twenty-six subjects were enrolled. The mean age was 62.8 ( SD = 13.8), 53.8% were male, 65.4% were Caucasian, and the mean APACHE severity of illness score was 59 ( SD = 23.4). Reasons for ICU admission were mainly cardiac and medical. The music group showed significant improvements in handgrip, plantar flexion, leg extension, elbow flexion, and shoulder adduction strengths on left and right sides. Additionally, left and right leg extensor and left plantar flexor strengths showed significant post-differences, and small to moderately large effect sizes, between the music group and control group. Conclusion These findings suggest that a music-guided exercise intervention has the potential to improve muscle strength in ICU survivors and prevent further post-ICU deterioration in ICU survivors. Future trials should build upon these preliminary findings.

scholarly journals Effects of Kinesio Taping with Squat Exercise on the Muscle Activity, Muscle Strength, Muscle Tension, and Dynamic Stability of Softball Players in the Lower Extremities: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Hee Kim ◽  
Kyung-Hun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Squat Exercise

Background and purpose: Knee injuries are common among female softball players, and the stability of the lower extremities and the strength of the knee are essential factors for them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Kinesio taping with squat exercise (KTSE) on lower extremity muscle activity, muscle strength, muscle tone, and dynamic stability of softball players. Methods: In this study, 40 softball players were randomly assigned to the KTSE group and sham taping with squat exercise (SKTSE) group. All subjects were tested three times a week for 6 weeks, i.e., for a total of 18 times. To evaluate the lower-extremity muscle activity, muscle strength, and muscle tone of the lower extremities, as well as dynamic stability, we used Noraxon Mini DTS, a digital muscular meter from JTech Medical, MyotonPRO, and the side hop test (a clinical evaluation method), respectively. These items were measured before the experiment and 6 weeks after the start of the experiment. Results: Both groups showed significant differences in lower-extremity muscle activity, muscle strength, muscle tone, and dynamic stability (p < 0.05). After the experiment, significant effects on lower-extremity muscle activity, muscle strength, muscle tone, and dynamic stability were observed in the KTSE group compared with in the SKTSE group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: KTSE did not have a negative effect on all items of the functional performance test. KTSE improved lower-extremity muscle activity, muscle strength, muscle tone, and dynamic stability.

scholarly journals Immediate Effect of Dry Needling at Myofascial Trigger Point on Hand Spasticity in Chronic Post-stroke Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengqiao Zhang ◽  
Wu Wang ◽  
Yongjia Song ◽  
Tianjun Zhai ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trigger Point ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Point ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Hand spasticity after stroke influences the rehabilitation of hand function. Immediate and effective relief of spasticity potentially creates conditions for later rehabilitation training, which has far-reaching significance in the smooth transition of patients to the recovery period.Objective: To evaluate the immediate effect of dry needling (DN) at myofascial trigger point on hand spasticity in stroke patients.Methods: This was a prospective, evaluator blind, multicenter, randomized controlled study. A total of 210 participants were randomly divided into DN group (DN, N = 70), sham dry needling group (SDN, N = 70), and control group (N = 70). Participants in the DN group were treated with DN at myofascial trigger point five times (30 min each time) every week for 4 weeks. Subjects in the SDN group were manipulated the same way as in the DN group, except that the acupuncture site was located in the area adjacent to the myofascial trigger point, which constituted a SDN. Routine rehabilitation treatment was performed for participants in the two groups and in the control group. The primary evaluation index was the immediate effect of hand spasticity relief. Secondary evaluation indicators included the cumulative effect of hand spasticity relief from baseline to week 4, and the changes in flexion angles of the wrist, thumb, and fingers 2–5 in the rest position before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after intervention.Results: The immediate effective rate of spasticity relief (thumb, fingers 2–5, and wrist) of patients with different degrees of spasticity in the DN group was higher than that in the control and SDN groups (thumb, χ2 = 55.833, P &lt; 0.001; fingers 2–5, χ2 = 68.096, P &lt; 0.001; wrist, χ2 = 49.180, P &lt; 0.001) (P &lt; 0.05). The effective rate of spasticity relief from baseline to 4 weeks in the DN group exceeded that in the control group and SDN groups (thumb, χ2 = 8.806, P = 0.012; fingers 2–5, χ2 = 8.087, P = 0.018; and wrist, χ2 = 8.653, P = 0.013) (P &lt; 0.05). No difference in immediate and cumulative effect was found between the control group and SDN group. The change of joints flexion angles in resting position before and after each treatment in the DN group was higher than that in the control and SDN groups (P &lt; 0.05), but it was not significantly different between the control group and SDN group. At 4 weeks, although the change in the DN group was higher than that in the control group and SDN group, this difference was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: Dry needling can relieve varying degrees of hand spasticity instantly in post-stroke.Trial Registration:www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900022379.

scholarly journals Effect of Posterior Pelvic Tilt Taping on Pelvic Inclination, Muscle Strength, and Gait Ability in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Tae-sung In ◽  
Jin-hwa Jung ◽  
May Kim ◽  
Kyoung-sim Jung ◽  
Hwi-young Cho
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pelvic Inclination ◽  
Stair Walking ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Objective: Pelvic alignment asymmetry in stroke patients negatively affects postural control ability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of posterior pelvic tilt taping on pelvic inclination, muscle strength, and gait ability in stroke patients. Methods: Forty stroke patients were recruited and randomly divided into the following two groups: the posterior pelvic tilt taping (PPTT) group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 20). All participants underwent sitting-to-standing, indoor walking, and stair walking training (30 min per day, 5 days per week, for 6 weeks). The PPTT group applied posterior pelvic tilt taping during the training period, while the control group did not receive a tape intervention. Pelvic inclination was measured using a palpation meter (PALM). A hand-held dynamometer and the 10-meter walk test were used to measure muscle strength and gait ability. Results: Significantly greater improvements in the pelvic anterior tilt were observed in the PPTT group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Muscle strength in the PPTT group was significantly increased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Significantly greater improvements in gait speed were observed in the PPTT group than the control group. Conclusions: According to our results, posterior pelvic tilt taping may be used to improve the anterior pelvic inclination, muscle strength, and gait ability in stroke patients.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a community-delivered pneumatic machine resistance training programme (Gym Tonic) for older adults at neighbourhood senior centres – a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuen Yee Lee ◽  
Alycia Goh ◽  
Ken Tan ◽  
Pei Ling Choo ◽  
Peck Hoon Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background Resistance training with pneumatic machines attenuates the age-associated loss in muscle strength and function in older adults. However, effectiveness of scaled-up pneumatic machine resistance training in the community is not known. We evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-site community-delivered 12-week pneumatic machine resistance programme (Gym Tonic (GT)) on muscle strength and physical function in older adults. Methods Three hundred eighteen community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were randomized into 12-week (twice/week) coach-supervised-community-based-GT-programme(n = 168) and wait-list control groups(n = 150). After 12 weeks, the intervention group continued with GT-training and the control group received supervised-GT-programme for further 12 weeks (partial-crossover-design). Fried frailty score, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function (i.e., fast and habitual gait-speed, balance, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand, short physical performance battery (SPPB)) were determined at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Analysis adopted a modified-intention-to-treat-approach. Results After 12 weeks, lower-extremity muscle strength improved by 11–26%(all p < 0.05) and fast gait-speed improved by 7%(p = 0.008) in GT-intervention group(n = 132) than controls(n = 118), regardless of frailty status. Other physical function performance did not differ between control and intervention groups after 12 weeks (all p > 0.05). Frailty score improved by 0.5 in the intervention but not control group(p = 0.004). Within the intervention group, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function outcomes improved at 24 weeks compared with baseline (all p < 0.001). Within controls, lower-extremity muscle strength, SPPB, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand and fast gait-speed improved post-GT (24-week) compared to both pre-GT (12-week) and baseline. Programme adherence was high in intervention [0–12-weeks,90%(SD,13%); 12–24-weeks,89%(SD,17%)] and control [12–24-weeks,90%(SD,19%)] groups. Conclusion Community-delivered GT resistance training programme with pneumatic machines has high adherence, improves muscle strength and fast gait-speed, and can be effectively implemented at scale for older adults. Future studies could examine if including other multi-modal function-specific training to complement GT can achieve better physical/functional performance in power, balance and endurance tasks. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04661618, Registered 10 December 2020 - Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF 14 POINTS ACUPRESSURE ON UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITY MUSCLE STRENGTH LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
Lalu Hersika Asmawariza ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono ◽  
Desak Made Wenten Parwati
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Acupressure is considered as one form of holistic therapies that can improve tissue perfusion to improve motor function in patients with stroke.Objective: To analyze the effect of 14 points acupressure on upper and lower extremity muscle strength in patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke patients.Methods:  This was a quasy experimental study with pretest posttest control group design. Paired comparative analytic design was also used. Thirty-eight participants were selected, which 19 participants assigned in the experiment and control group. The Medical Research Council (MRC) scale was used to measure the lower and upper muscle strengths.Results: There was a significant difference between the improvement of the upper muscle strength in the experimental group and the control group at day 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (p = 0.010, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000); and there was a significant difference between the improvement of the lower extremity muscle strength in the experimental group and the control group at day 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (p=0.023, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000).Conclusion: The 14 points acupressure is effective in increasing upper and lower extremity muscle strength in patients with non-hemorrhagic stroke.

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