scholarly journals Graphene Synthesis: Method, Exfoliation Mechanism and Large-Scale Production

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Naixu Liu ◽  
Qingguo Tang ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Yaping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Characteristic Structure ◽  
Graphene Synthesis ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
The Comparative Study

Graphene is a unique attractive material owing to its characteristic structure and excellent properties. To improve the preparation efficiency of graphene, reduce defects and costs, and meet the growing market demand, it is crucial to explore the improved and innovative production methods and process for graphene. This review summarizes recent advanced graphene synthesis methods including “bottom-up” and “top-down” processes, and their influence on the structure, cost, and preparation efficiency of graphene, as well as its peeling mechanism. The viability and practicality of preparing graphene using polymers peeling flake graphite or graphite filling polymer was discussed. Based on the comparative study, it is potential to mass produce graphene with large size and high quality using the viscoelasticity of polymers and their affinity to the graphite surface.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Production of Large-Size Atomically Thin Semiconducting Molybdenum Dichalcogenide Sheets in Water and Its Application for Supercapacitor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xiang Chen ◽  
Chien-Wei Wu ◽  
Ting-Yang Kuo ◽  
Yu-Lung Chang ◽  
Ming-Hsing Jen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Large Scale Production

scholarly journals Mechanochemical synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production

AbstractIn the last decades, mechanochemical processing has emerged as a sustainable method for the large-scale production of a variety of nanomaterials. In particular, mechanochemical synthesis can afford well-dispersed metal-oxide nanoparticles, which are used in wide-ranging applications including energy storage and conversion, environmental monitoring, or biomedical uses. This article reviews recent progress in the mechanochemical synthesis of metal-oxide nanoparticles, explores reaction mechanisms, and contrasts the influence of chosen process parameters on the properties of end products. The role of choice of reaction pathway, as well as advantages and limitations compared to other synthesis methods are discussed. A prospect for future development of this synthetic method is proposed.

scholarly journals Biological and Pharmacological Potential of Xylitol: A Molecular Insight of Unique Metabolism

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Vishal Ahuja ◽  
Markéta Macho ◽  
Daniela Ewe ◽  
Manoj Singh ◽  
Subhasish Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Chemical Catalysis ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Tract Infections

Xylitol is a white crystalline, amorphous sugar alcohol and low-calorie sweetener. Xylitol prevents demineralization of teeth and bones, otitis media infection, respiratory tract infections, inflammation and cancer progression. NADPH generated in xylitol metabolism aid in the treatment of glucose-6-phosphate deficiency-associated hemolytic anemia. Moreover, it has a negligible effect on blood glucose and plasma insulin levels due to its unique metabolism. Its diverse applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and polymer industries fueled its market growth and made it one of the top 12 bio-products. Recently, xylitol has also been used as a drug carrier due to its high permeability and non-toxic nature. However, it become a challenge to fulfil the rapidly increasing market demand of xylitol. Xylitol is present in fruit and vegetables, but at very low concentrations, which is not adequate to satisfy the consumer demand. With the passage of time, other methods including chemical catalysis, microbial and enzymatic biotransformation, have also been developed for its large-scale production. Nevertheless, large scale production still suffers from high cost of production. In this review, we summarize some alternative approaches and recent advancements that significantly improve the yield and lower the cost of production.

scholarly journals Toward high production of graphene flakes – a review on recent developments in their synthesis methods and scalability

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (31) ◽  
pp. 15010-15026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Izhar Kairi ◽  
Sebastian Dayou ◽  
Nurul Izni Kairi ◽  
Suriani Abu Bakar ◽  
Brigitte Vigolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Graphene Flakes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Production ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Graphene flakes, one of the most popular form of graphene, can be used for many applications. Their synthesis is in the path to reach the large-scale production if the cost of production is further improved.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Nanosize ZnO and Zn1−xFexO Powder for Infrared Absorption by Flame Aerosol Synthesis

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Hui Tian ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Taisheng Yang ◽  
Zili Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Aerosol Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Significant Difference

In this study, nanosized ZnO and Zn1−xFexO powders were synthesized using the flame aerosol synthesis (FAS) method. The microstructure of the ZnO powder shows a significant difference with different precursor concentrations. By adding Fe to the precursor, nanosized Zn1−xFexO powder (x = 0~0.1) can be easily fabricated. The phase formation, microstructure, and infrared absorption properties were systematically investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM, and IR. With the substitution of Fe into the Zn site, lattice distortion occurred, resulting in excellent infrared absorption properties. Compared to other conventional synthesis methods, the FAS method has the advantages of high yield, high crystallinity, and low cost; furthermore, nanosized powder is easily obtained. The FAS method is believed to be one of the best choices for the large-scale production of ZnO and Zn1−xFexO powders.

scholarly journals Preliminary Economic Study on the Production of ZnO Nanoparticles Using a Sol-Gel Synthesis Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fikri Aziz Shalahuddin ◽  
Sera Serinda Almekahdinah ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Material Cost ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

The economic evaluation is one of the key points in building chemical industries. This paper presented a preliminary economic evaluation of the large scale production of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the sol-gel method, which is very useful for helping decision whether the fabrication of this material profitable or not. Particularly, the study was done by changing the cost of raw material, which was compared to several economic parameters such as GPM, PBP, and CNPV. The result showed that the project was profitable by increasing raw material cost below 100% from the estimated raw material cost, informing the fact for the prospective fabrication for fulfilling the demand of ZnO nanoparticles.

Facile Synthesis of Gold (Au) Nanoparticles Using Cassia auriculata Flower Extract

2013 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dhayananthaprabhu ◽  
R. Lakshmi Narayanan ◽  
K. Thiyagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Cassia Auriculata ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Versatile Tool

The green synthesis is the versatile tool to produce the nano scale materials. The present study deals with the synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the Cassia auriculata flower extract. The complete reduction of gold ions was observed after 45 min of reaction under stirrer condition. The colour changes in reaction mixture (dark red colour) was observed during the reaction period because of the formation of gold nanoparticles in the reaction mixture enables to produce particular colour due to their specific properties (Surface Plasmon Resonance). The formation of gold nanoparticles was confirmed using UV visible spectroscopy, the size of the nanoparticles measured by using particle size analyzer. The morphology of the poly dispersed gold nanoparticles was studied using TEM, This green synthesis method is cost effective; and eco friendly technique to produce large scale production of Nanomaterials

scholarly journals Synthesis of graphene: Potential carbon precursors and approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1284-1314
Author(s):  
Yuxin Yan ◽  
Fathima Zahra Nashath ◽  
Sharon Chen ◽  
Sivakumar Manickam ◽  
Siew Shee Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Graphene Synthesis ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fit For Purpose

Abstract Graphene is an advanced carbon functional material with inherent unique properties that make it suitable for a wide range of applications. It can be synthesized through either the top–down approach involving delamination of graphitic materials or the bottom–up approach involving graphene assembly from smaller building units. Common top–down approaches are exfoliation and reduction while bottom–up approaches include chemical vapour deposition, epitaxial growth, and pyrolysis. A range of materials have been successfully used as precursors in various synthesis methods to derive graphene. This review analyses and discusses the suitability of conventional, plant- and animal-derived, chemical, and fossil precursors for graphene synthesis. Together with its associated technical feasibility and economic and environmental impacts, the quality of resultant graphene is critically assessed and discussed. After evaluating the parameters mentioned above, the most appropriate synthesis method for each precursor is identified. While graphite is currently the most common precursor for graphene synthesis, several other precursors have the potential to synthesize graphene of comparable, if not better, quality and yield. Thus, this review provides an overview and insights into identifying the potential of various carbon precursors for large-scale and commercial production of fit-for-purpose graphene for specific applications.

Generation, validation, and large scale production of adenoviral recombinants with large size inserts such as a 6.3 kb human dystrophin cDNA

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Jani ◽  
Hanns Lochmülller ◽  
Gyula Acsadi ◽  
Maude Simoneau ◽  
Johnny Huard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Human Dystrophin

scholarly journals A Novel and Simplest Green Synthesis Method of Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Methanol Extracted Vernonia Amygdalina: Large-Scale Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bayisa Meka Chufa ◽  
Bedasa Abdisa Gonfa ◽  
Teketel Yohannes Anshebo ◽  
Getachew Adam Workneh
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Short Period

The large-scale production of high-quality graphene is the major focus of scientists and engineers recently. However, its massive manufacturing routes from its precursor graphene oxide (GO) are involved in the production of toxic gasses and consist of hazardous explosive steps that severely hurt and threaten ecological balance and human health. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the green, effective, and economical approach for the synthesis of graphene by using Vernonia amygdalina (VA) plant leaf extracts for the effective and efficient reduction of GO. The nonexplosive two-step synthesis of GO in a short period of time in the absence of an ice bath was used in this study. The appropriate solvent for the extraction of VA for the green synthesis of graphene was methanol, and the reducing and capping agent in the plant extract was identified to be terpenoids and polyphenols. The graphene/rGO obtained this way was characterized by UV-VIS, XRD, FTIR, SEM, HR-TEM, and EDAX that confirmed the successful reduction of GO to graphene under the hydrothermal process. The HR-TEM images showed the development of few layers of graphene. The FTIR result also shows the complete reduction of GO. Hence, methanol extracted VA leaves consisted of the most appropriate compounds for reducing and capping agent in the green synthesis and could be the preferred method for the large-scale production of graphene-based materials.

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