Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy

In order to solve the problem of feature extraction of underwater acoustic signals in complex ocean environment, a new method for feature extraction from ship radiated noise is presented based on empirical mode decomposition theory and permutation entropy. It analyzes the separability for permutation entropies of the intrinsic mode functions of three types of ship radiated noise signals, and discusses the permutation entropy of the intrinsic mode function with the highest energy. In this study, ship radiated noise signals measured from three types of ships are decomposed into a set of intrinsic mode functions with empirical mode decomposition method. Then, the permutation entropies of all intrinsic mode functions are calculated with appropriate parameters. The permutation entropies are obviously different in the intrinsic mode functions with the highest energy, thus, the permutation entropy of the intrinsic mode function with the highest energy is regarded as a new characteristic parameter to extract the feature of ship radiated noise. After that, the characteristic parameters, namely, the energy difference between high and low frequency, permutation entropy, and multi-scale permutation entropy, are compared with the permutation entropy of the intrinsic mode function with the highest energy. It is discovered that the four characteristic parameters are at the same level for similar ships, however, there are differences in the parameters for different types of ships. The results demonstrate that the permutation entropy of the intrinsic mode function with the highest energy is better in separability as the characteristic parameter than the other three parameters by comparing their fluctuation ranges and the average values of the four characteristic parameters. Hence, the feature of ship radiated noise can be extracted efficiently with the method.

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Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Multiscale Intrinsic Mode Function Permutation Entropy and a Stacked Sparse Denoising Autoencoder

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9132743 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (13) ◽

pp. 2743 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dai ◽

Tang ◽

Shao ◽

Huang ◽

Wang

Keyword(s):

Fault Diagnosis ◽

Rolling Bearing ◽

Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽

Health Condition ◽

Intrinsic Mode Function ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Diagnostic Model ◽

Denoising Autoencoder ◽

Essential Information ◽

Mode Function

Effective intelligent fault diagnosis of bearings is important for improving safety and reliability of machine. Benefiting from the training advantages, deep learning method can automatically and adaptively learn more abstract and high-level features without much priori knowledge. To realize representative features mining and automatic recognition of bearing health condition, a diagnostic model of stacked sparse denoising autoencoder (SSDAE) which combines sparse autoencoder (SAE) and denoising autoencoder (DAE) is proposed in this paper. The sparse criterion in SAE, corrupting operation in DAE and reasonable designing of the stack order of autoencoders help to mine essential information of the input and improve fault pattern classification robustness. In order to provide better input features for the constructed network, the raw non-stationary and nonlinear vibration signals are processed with ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and multiscale permutation entropy (MPE). MPE features which are extracted based on both the selected characteristic frequency-related intrinsic mode function components (IMFs) and the raw signal, are used as low-level feature for the input of the proposed diagnostic model for health condition recognition and classification. Two experiments based on the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) dataset and the measurement dataset from laboratory were conducted, and results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and highlight its excellent performance relative to existing methods.

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Multi-Stage Feature Extraction and Classification for Ship-Radiated Noise

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s22010112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Hamada Esmaiel ◽

Dongri Xie ◽

Zeyad A. H. Qasem ◽

Haixin Sun ◽

Jie Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Support Vector ◽

Intrinsic Mode Functions ◽

Radiated Noise ◽

Passive Sonar ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Mode Decomposition

Due to the complexity and unique features of the hydroacoustic channel, ship-radiated noise (SRN) detected using a passive sonar tends mostly to distort. SRN feature extraction has been proposed to improve the detected passive sonar signal. Unfortunately, the current methods used in SRN feature extraction have many shortcomings. Considering this, in this paper we propose a new multi-stage feature extraction approach to enhance the current SRN feature extractions based on enhanced variational mode decomposition (EVMD), weighted permutation entropy (WPE), local tangent space alignment (LTSA), and particle swarm optimization-based support vector machine (PSO-SVM). In the proposed method, first, we enhance the decomposition operation of the conventional VMD by decomposing the SRN signal into a finite group of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and then calculate the WPE of each IMF. Then, the high-dimensional features obtained are reduced to two-dimensional ones by using the LTSA method. Finally, the feature vectors are fed into the PSO-SVM multi-class classifier to realize the classification of different types of SRN sample. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the recognition rate of the proposed method overcomes the conventional SRN feature extraction methods, and it has a recognition rate of up to 96.6667%.

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A New Feature Extraction Method for Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Improved CEEMDAN, Normalized Mutual Information and Multiscale Improved Permutation Entropy

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e21060624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 624 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhe Chen ◽

Yaan Li ◽

Renjie Cao ◽

Wasiq Ali ◽

Jing Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Mutual Information ◽

Noise Reduction ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Feature Extraction Method ◽

Normalized Mutual Information ◽

Radiated Noise ◽

New Feature

Extracting useful features from ship-radiated noise can improve the performance of passive sonar. The entropy feature is an important supplement to existing technologies for ship classification. However, the existing entropy feature extraction methods for ship-radiated noise are less reliable under noisy conditions because they lack noise reduction procedures or are single-scale based. In order to simultaneously solve these problems, a new feature extraction method is proposed based on improved complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN), normalized mutual information (norMI), and multiscale improved permutation entropy (MIPE). Firstly, the ICEEMDAN is utilized to obtain a group of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from ship-radiated noise. The noise reduction process is then conducted by identifying and eliminating the noise IMFs. Next, the norMI and MIPE of the signal-dominant IMFs are calculated, respectively; and the norMI is used to weigh the corresponding MIPE result. The multi-scale entropy feature is finally defined as the sum of the weighted MIPE results. Experimental results show that the recognition rate of the proposed method achieves 90.67% and 83%, respectively, under noise free and 5 dB conditions, which is much higher than existing entropy feature extraction algorithms. Hence, the proposed method is more reliable and suitable for feature extraction of ship-radiated noise in practice.

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A Novel Feature Extraction Method for Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e19070342 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 342 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Variational Mode Decomposition ◽

Feature Extraction Method ◽

Radiated Noise ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Mode Decomposition

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Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Enhanced Variational Mode Decomposition, Normalized Correlation Coefficient and Permutation Entropy

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e22040468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 468 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dongri Xie ◽

Hamada Esmaiel ◽

Haixin Sun ◽

Jie Qi ◽

Zeyad A. H. Qasem

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Support Vector ◽

Variational Mode Decomposition ◽

Feature Extraction Method ◽

Radiated Noise ◽

Mode Decomposition

Due to the complexity and variability of underwater acoustic channels, ship-radiated noise (SRN) detected using the passive sonar is prone to be distorted. The entropy-based feature extraction method can improve this situation, to some extent. However, it is impractical to directly extract the entropy feature for the detected SRN signals. In addition, the existing conventional methods have a lack of suitable de-noising processing under the presence of marine environmental noise. To this end, this paper proposes a novel feature extraction method based on enhanced variational mode decomposition (EVMD), normalized correlation coefficient (norCC), permutation entropy (PE), and the particle swarm optimization-based support vector machine (PSO-SVM). Firstly, EVMD is utilized to obtain a group of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from the SRN signals. The noise-dominant IMFs are then eliminated by a de-noising processing prior to PE calculation. Next, the correlation coefficient between each signal-dominant IMF and the raw signal and PE of each signal-dominant IMF are calculated, respectively. After this, the norCC is used to weigh the corresponding PE and the sum of these weighted PE is considered as the final feature parameter. Finally, the feature vectors are fed into the PSO-SVM multi-class classifier to classify the SRN samples. The experimental results demonstrate that the recognition rate of the proposed methodology is up to 100%, which is much higher than the currently existing methods. Hence, the method proposed in this paper is more suitable for the feature extraction of SRN signals.

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Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition and Permutation Entropy with Their Application in Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e23050503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Dongri Xie ◽

Shaohua Hong ◽

Chaojun Yao

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Support Vector ◽

Variational Mode Decomposition ◽

Intrinsic Mode Functions ◽

Marine Animals ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Radiated Noise ◽

Mode Decomposition

The complex and changeable marine environment surrounded by a variety of noise, including sounds of marine animals, industrial noise, traffic noise and the noise formed by molecular movement, not only interferes with the normal life of residents near the port, but also exerts a significant influence on feature extraction of ship-radiated noise (S-RN). In this paper, a novel feature extraction technique for S-RN signals based on optimized variational mode decomposition (OVMD), permutation entropy (PE), and normalized Spearman correlation coefficient (NSCC) is proposed. Firstly, with the mode number determined by reverse weighted permutation entropy (RWPE), OVMD decomposes the target signal into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The PE of all the IMFs and SCC between each IMF with the raw signal are then calculated, respectively. Subsequently, feature parameters are extracted through the sum of PE weighted by NSCC for the IMFs. Lastly, the obtained feature vectors are input into the support vector machine multi-class classifier (SVM) to discriminate various types of ships. Experimental results indicate that five kinds of S-RN samples can be accurately identified with a recognition rate of 94% by the proposed scheme, which is higher than other previously published methods. Hence, the proposed method is more advantageous in practical applications.

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Based On Intrinsic Mode Function Energy Tracking Method of Circuit Breaker Vibration Signal Feature Extraction Studies

ITM Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/itmconf/20171203023 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 03023

Author(s):

Yi-Hang Sun

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Circuit Breaker ◽

Vibration Signal ◽

Intrinsic Mode Function ◽

Tracking Method ◽

Mode Function

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Analysis of Weak Fault in Hydraulic System Based on Multi-scale Permutation Entropy of Fault-Sensitive Intrinsic Mode Function and Deep Belief Network

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e21040425 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 425 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jie Huang ◽

Xinqing Wang ◽

Dong Wang ◽

Zhiwei Wang ◽

Xia Hua

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Mode Function ◽

Deep Belief Network ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Hydraulic Systems ◽

Belief Network ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Identification Method ◽

Mode Function ◽

Correlation Analysis Method ◽

Weak Fault

With the aim of automatic recognition of weak faults in hydraulic systems, this paper proposes an identification method based on multi-scale permutation entropy feature extraction of fault-sensitive intrinsic mode function (IMF) and deep belief network (DBN). In this method, the leakage fault signal is first decomposed by empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and fault-sensitive IMF components are screened by adopting the correlation analysis method. The multi-scale entropy feature of each screened IMF is then extracted and features closely related to the weak fault information are then obtained. Finally, DBN is used for identification of fault diagnosis. Experimental results prove that this identification method has an ideal recognition effect. It can accurately judge whether there is a leakage fault, determine the degree of severity of the fault, and can diagnose and analyze hydraulic weak faults in general.

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