scholarly journals Thermal Resonance and Cell Behavior

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Lucia ◽  
Giulia Grisolia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cell Changes

From a thermodynamic point of view, living cell life is no more than a cyclic process. It starts with the newly separated daughter cells and restarts when the next generations grow as free entities. During this cycle, the cell changes its entropy. In cancer, the growth control is damaged. In this paper, we analyze the role of the volume–area ratio in the cell in relation to the heat exchange between cell and its environment in order to point out its effect on cancer growth. The result holds to a possible control of the cancer growth based on the heat exchanged by the cancer toward its environment and the membrane potential variation, with the consequence of controlling the ions fluxes and the related biochemical reactions. This second law approach could represent a starting point for a possible future support for the anticancer therapies, in order to improve their effectiveness for the untreatable cancers.

scholarly journals The Role of the Cell Volume-Area Ratio in Thermodynamic Analysis of the Cancer Growth Control for In Vitro Experiments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Lucia ◽  
Giulia Grisolia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Control ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cell Changes

From a thermodynamic point of view, living cell life is no more than a cyclic process. It starts with the newly separated daughter cells and restarts when the next generations grow as free entities. In this cycle the cell changes its entropy. In cancer the growth control is damaged. In this paper we analyze the role of the volume-area ratio in cell in relation to the heat exchange between cell and its environment in order to point out the effect on the cancer growth. The result holds to a possible control of the cancer growth based on the heat exchanged by the cancer towards its environment, and the membrane potential variation, with the consequence of controlling the ions fluxes and the related biochemical reactions. This second law approach could represent a starting point for a possible future support for the anticancer therapies, in order to improve their effectiveness for the untreatable cancers.

scholarly journals The Role of the Cell Volume-Area Ratio in Thermodynamic Analysis of the Cancer Growth Control for In Vitro Experiments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Lucia ◽  
Giulia Grisolia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Control ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cell Changes

From a thermodynamic point of view, living cell life is no more than a cyclic process. It starts with the newly separated daughter cells and restarts when the next generations grow as free entities. In this cycle the cell changes its entropy. In cancer the growth control is damaged. In this paper we analyze the role of the volume-area ratio in cell in relation to the heat exchange between cell and its environment in order to point out the effect on the cancer growth. The result holds to a possible control of the cancer growth based on the heat exchanged by the cancer towards its environment, and the membrane potential variation, with the consequence of controlling the ions fluxes and the related biochemical reactions. This second law approach could represent a starting point for a possible future support for the anticancer therapies, in order to improve their effectiveness for the untreatable cancers.

Extracellular matrix: the gatekeeper of tumor angiogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1543-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Mongiat ◽  
Simone Buraschi ◽  
Eva Andreuzzi ◽  
Thomas Neill ◽  
Renato V. Iozzo
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Abstract The extracellular matrix is a network of secreted macromolecules that provides a harmonious meshwork for the growth and homeostatic development of organisms. It conveys multiple signaling cascades affecting specific surface receptors that impact cell behavior. During cancer growth, this bioactive meshwork is remodeled and enriched in newly formed blood vessels, which provide nutrients and oxygen to the growing tumor cells. Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment leads to the formation of bioactive fragments that may have a distinct function from their parent molecules, and the balance among these factors directly influence cell viability and metastatic progression. Indeed, the matrix acts as a gatekeeper by regulating the access of cancer cells to nutrients. Here, we will critically evaluate the role of selected matrix constituents in regulating tumor angiogenesis and provide up-to-date information concerning their primary mechanisms of action.

THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNIST BLOC IN THE ILO DURING THE COLD WAR – SELECTED ISSUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (XX) ◽  
pp. 263-276
Author(s):  
Łucja Kobroń-Gąsiorowska
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Key Questions

In this article, from a multidisciplinary point of view, key questions were raised that defined how the bloc of communist countries had an impact on the International Labor Organization. The author believes that the role of communist countries in the ILO depended not only on the international political, economic and social context of the time, but also on the field of globalized labor history and relations of international organizations. The starting point of this article is the central hypothesis that the concept of protecting employees and the rights of employers has always been presented from the point of view of the „bloc” of capitalist states, without reference to the role of communist states.

scholarly journals Centrosomes Enhance the Fidelity of Cytokinesis in Vertebrates and Are Required for Cell Cycle Progression

2001 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Khodjakov ◽  
Conly L. Rieder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Spindle Pole ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Cell Changes

When centrosomes are destroyed during prophase by laser microsurgery, vertebrate somatic cells form bipolar acentrosomal mitotic spindles (Khodjakov, A., R.W. Cole, B.R. Oakley, and C.L. Rieder. 2000. Curr. Biol. 10:59–67), but the fate of these cells is unknown. Here, we show that, although these cells lack the radial arrays of astral microtubules normally associated with each spindle pole, they undergo a normal anaphase and usually produce two acentrosomal daughter cells. Relative to controls, however, these cells exhibit a significantly higher (30–50%) failure rate in cytokinesis. This failure correlates with the inability of the spindle to properly reposition itself as the cell changes shape. Also, we destroyed just one centrosome during metaphase and followed the fate of the resultant acentrosomal and centrosomal daughter cells. Within 72 h, 100% of the centrosome-containing cells had either entered DNA synthesis or divided. By contrast, during this period, none of the acentrosomal cells had entered S phase. These data reveal that the primary role of the centrosome in somatic cells is not to form the spindle but instead to ensure cytokinesis and subsequent cell cycle progression.

scholarly journals The Role of Organizational Emotions in Strategic Leadership: A literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Strategic Leaders

Emotions are human things. When people consider emotions from a strategic leadership point of view, additional individual framing factors become unavoidable and play a role in an organization's management process. This research aimed to evaluate the existing literature on emotion and strategic leadership comprehensively. The study was a survey of the literature on emotion and strategic leadership. Because of the search and exclusion criteria applied, only 24 articles were relevant. The texts were studied using the grounded theory method to build a new theoretical model and identify essential characteristics of organizational emotion shifting. The model tried to demonstrate how the interaction of human and organizational elements and the task and problems faced by strategic leaders result in internal and external emotional shifts. This literature survey and theoretical integration provided a starting point for further research. The results show that the conceptualization of emotions in strategic leadership encompasses all five levels: positive emotions, negative emotions, emotional empowerment (internal emotion shaping), the establishment of external resources, and the use of power (external emotions shaping). The research revealed that emotion in organizational shaping was a key variable. This variable identified the numerous ways strategic leaders use emotion to shape organizations. It indicates that the concept can bring the person (strategic leader) and organizational levels together. In light of the limited literature, mainly focusing on strategic and emotional leadership, the model should be tested as a foundation for future research.

‘Uurga shig’ – What is it like to be a lasso? Drawing figure–ground reversals between art and anthropology

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-428
Author(s):  
Hermione Spriggs
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Drawing Tool ◽  
Participatory Art ◽  
Object A ◽  
Wild Horse ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Interdisciplinary Exchange

How might a singular object, a herdsman’s lasso known as the ‘ uurga’, facilitate a fresh understanding of cosmology and human–animal relationships in nomadic Mongolia? ‘ Uurga shig’ re-evaluates the performance of an object as an agentive social participant and the role of drawing as an anthropologically relevant method, outlining the need for interdisciplinary exchange between the fields of participatory art and anthropology. With a starting point of Alfred Gell’s thesis of ‘Traps as artworks and artworks as traps’ (1996), the lasso presents an alternative point of view to the western ‘zoological framing’ criticized by Massumi (‘What animals teach us about politics’, 2014). Instead the uurga functions as a non-Euclidean drawing tool, a frame through which to better understand the fluid relationships underpinning human–animal codependency on the Mongolian steppe. From the line on a page to the ‘drawing through’ of a thread in a needle and the ‘drawing in’ of a wild horse in nomadic Mongolia, the author explores the application of drawing as an intimate method for analyzing moving relationships. With a focus on the drawn line as a connecting device that lends itself to figure–ground reversal, she extends the application of drawing as a prosthetic technology, one that might be used to catalyze a perspectival shift into the worlds of other animals.

Die Treuhand als Rechtsform für Sondervermögen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dachuang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Federal Court ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Federal Court Of Justice ◽  
Uk Supreme Court ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Trust Law

The trust account is one of the most commonly used legal tools in business and is the subject of numerous legal disputes. Due to the absence of a trust code, there are no uniform legal rules for the requirements of the trust account. Moreover, the protection of the trust accounts from creditors of the trustee and the settlor in compulsory enforcement and bankruptcy is unregulated. This thesis attempts to close the gap. First, the topic will be outlined on the basis of two rulings of the UK Supreme Court and the German Federal Court of Justice (BGH). Subsequently the rules set out in the German case law will be systematically analysed. The asset partitioning approach will then be chosen as the dogmatic starting point for the justification of the protective effect of the trust account. The trust will accordingly be qualified as a legal form for special patrimony, and the theory of special patrimony will be examined in depth. The crucial role of subjective and objective ringfencing in order to effect a partitioning of assets will be highlighted, and the rules in the jurisprudence critically evaluated from this point of view. The last chapter is a comparative presentation of Chinese trust law.

Inadvisable Concession: Kant’s Critique of the Political Philosophy of Christian Garve

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Zilber
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Perpetual Peace ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Common ◽  
Political Decisions

The starting point of my study is Kant’s remark to the effect that Garve in his treatise on the connection between morality and politics presents arguments in defence of unjust principles. Recognition of these principles is, according to Kant, an inadvisable concession to those who are inclined to abuse it. I interpret this judgement by making a detailed comparison of the texts of the two treatises. I demonstrate that Garve’s work is an eclectic attempt to combine in one concept the lessons of historical experience with the ideas drawn from British empiricism and German rationalism. These ideas were criticised by Kant in his “critical” period. There is a consensus among researchers that Garve condoned the expansionist policy of Frederick II of Prussia, totally denied that legality in international relations was possible and in general deserved the reputation of an (ultra-)conservative. From that point of view the key values for Garve were the security and well-being of the state. I offer an alternative interpretation of Garve’s position because I believe that the value of political stability plays an important role in it. Such an interpretation makes it possible to treat Garve’s narrative as it was assessed by Kant, i.e. as a concession to the common principles of political practice as a result of a failure to find the guiding theory. My study has established that the role of Garve’s work in the writing of Kant’s treatise Toward Perpetual Peace was more significant than Kant’s own words suggest. Besides, I show that it was under Garve’s influence that Kant turned to the problem of excessive complexity of the principles involved in the search for concrete political decisions. Garve obviously laments this complexity and yet makes these principles still more complex. Kant offers a simpler solution of the problem on the basis of his theory of morals and right.

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