scholarly journals Interpretable Multi-Head Self-Attention Architecture for Sarcasm Detection in Social Media

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Ramya Akula ◽  
Ivan Garibay
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Online Media ◽  
World Population ◽  
Input Text ◽  
Classification Score ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Gated Recurrent Units ◽  
Cue Words

With the online presence of more than half the world population, social media plays a very important role in the lives of individuals as well as businesses alike. Social media enables businesses to advertise their products, build brand value, and reach out to their customers. To leverage these social media platforms, it is important for businesses to process customer feedback in the form of posts and tweets. Sentiment analysis is the process of identifying the emotion, either positive, negative or neutral, associated with these social media texts. The presence of sarcasm in texts is the main hindrance in the performance of sentiment analysis. Sarcasm is a linguistic expression often used to communicate the opposite of what is said, usually something that is very unpleasant, with an intention to insult or ridicule. Inherent ambiguity in sarcastic expressions make sarcasm detection very difficult. In this work, we focus on detecting sarcasm in textual conversations from various social networking platforms and online media. To this end, we develop an interpretable deep learning model using multi-head self-attention and gated recurrent units. The multi-head self-attention module aids in identifying crucial sarcastic cue-words from the input, and the recurrent units learn long-range dependencies between these cue-words to better classify the input text. We show the effectiveness of our approach by achieving state-of-the-art results on multiple datasets from social networking platforms and online media. Models trained using our proposed approach are easily interpretable and enable identifying sarcastic cues in the input text which contribute to the final classification score. We visualize the learned attention weights on a few sample input texts to showcase the effectiveness and interpretability of our model.

scholarly journals Interpretable Multi-Head Self-Attention Architecture for Sarcasm Detection in Social Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Akula ◽  
Ivan Garibay
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Input Text ◽  
Classification Score ◽  
Gated Recurrent Units ◽  
Cue Words ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Inherent Ambiguity

Sarcasm is a linguistic expression often used to communicate the opposite of what is said, usually something that is very unpleasant with an intention to insult or ridicule. Inherent ambiguity in sarcastic expressions, make sarcasm detection very difficult. In this work, we focus on detecting sarcasm in textual conversations from various social networking platforms and online media. To this end, we develop an interpretable deep learning model using multi-head self-attention and gated recurrent units. Multi-head self-attention module aids in identifying crucial sarcastic cue-words from the input, and the recurrent units learn long-range dependencies between these cue-words to better classify the input text. We show the effectiveness of our approach by achieving state-of-the-art results on multiple datasets from social networking platforms and online media. Models trained using our proposed approach are easily interpretable and enable identifying sarcastic cues in the input text which contribute to the final classification score. We visualize the learned attention weights on few sample input texts to showcase the effectiveness and interpretability of our model.

Clubhouse Experience

2022 ◽  
pp. 244-264
Author(s):  
Ipek Deveci Kocakoç ◽  
Pınar Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Supervised Learning ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Learning By Using

Clubhouse is an invitation-only social networking application that differs from the usual social media platforms in that it is “audio only.” In this chapter, the sentiments in the social media messages about Clubhouse in the classic SMPs are examined by supervised learning (by using Hugging Face Transformer Library), and the user feelings are analyzed. Because Turkey is in the first ranks among European countries in terms of both the number of social media users and the number of messages, the analysis is conducted using the Turkish users. Mentions of Clubhouse have begun on Twitter and Sourtimes platforms in Turkey in early 2021. In this study, the aim is to demonstrate how Clubhouse, a new and different SMP, is evaluated by Twitter and Sourtimes users and to reveal user thoughts about this SMP along the timeline by using sentiment analysis.

Social Media and Emotional Well-being: Pursuit of Happiness or Pleasure

2021 ◽  
pp. 1326365X2110037
Author(s):  
D. Guna Graciyal ◽  
Deepa Viswam
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pursuit Of Happiness ◽  
Social Dysfunction ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Depth Interviews

Virtual engagement of lives has been made possible with the advent of social media. Almost 80% of the day are spent virtually on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Snapchat, etc. Usage of social media to connect to and communicate with the ones we care about is always healthy, termed as social networking. Social dysfunction occurs when the constant communication leads to the point where our real or offline life gets replaced by virtual or online life. There is a slight boundary between social networking and social dysfunction. When social networking is advantageous, social dysfunction affects emotional well-being. When emotional well-being is affected, many users experience a compulsion to dissociate from the real world as they find virtual world, full of fantasy and enjoyment. When the Internet was created, perhaps no one was aware of its potential. More than the convenience for sharing of information it has brought the world so close to crumbling the geographical boundaries. The more people-to-people communication is, the more is the strengthening of relationships, bonds grow stronger with ‘more’ social media platforms. Being on ‘more’ social media platforms has become a benchmark for living amidst the younger generation. Either as an activity of happiness or as an activity of pleasure, users tend to use social media at varying levels. This paper aims to conceptualize the the intricacies of social media in young lives and to discern whether their association is happiness or pleasure activity. The research method of this paper has a mixed-methods research design combining data from structured survey with information outputs from in-depth interviews.

Fuzzy based feature engineering architecture for sentiment analysis of medical discussion over online social networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
C S Pavan Kumar ◽  
L D Dhinesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Membership Function ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Feature Engineering ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Sentiment analysis is widely used to retrieve the hidden sentiments in medical discussions over Online Social Networking platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram. People often tend to convey their feelings concerning their medical problems over social media platforms. Practitioners and health care workers have started to observe these discussions to assess the impact of health-related issues among the people. This helps in providing better care to improve the quality of life. Dementia is a serious disease in western countries like the United States of America and the United Kingdom, and the respective governments are providing facilities to the affected people. There is much chatter over social media platforms concerning the patients’ care, healthy measures to be followed to avoid disease, check early indications. These chatters have to be carefully monitored to help the officials take necessary precautions for the betterment of the affected. A novel Feature engineering architecture that involves feature-split for sentiment analysis of medical chatter over online social networks with the pipeline is proposed that can be used on any Machine Learning model. The proposed model used the fuzzy membership function in refining the outputs. The machine learning model has obtained sentiment score is subjected to fuzzification and defuzzification by using the trapezoid membership function and center of sums method, respectively. Three datasets are considered for comparison of the proposed and the regular model. The proposed approach delivered better results than the normal approach and is proved to be an effective approach for sentiment analysis of medical discussions over online social networks.

‘Welcome to #GabFam’: Far-right virtual community on Gab

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110245
Author(s):  
Greta Jasser ◽  
Jordan McSwiney ◽  
Ed Pertwee ◽  
Savvas Zannettou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Shared Experiences ◽  
Funding Model ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Technological Affordances

With large social media platforms coming under increasing pressure to deplatform far-right users, the Alternative Technology movement (Alt-Tech) emerged as a new digital support infrastructure for the far right. We conduct a qualitative analysis of the prominent Alt-Tech platform Gab, a social networking service primarily modelled on Twitter, to assess the far-right virtual community on the platform. We find Gab’s technological affordances – including its lack of content moderation, culture of anonymity, microblogging architecture and funding model – have fostered an ideologically eclectic far-right community united by fears of persecution at the hands of ‘Big Tech’. We argue that this points to the emergence of a novel techno-social victimology as an axis of far-right virtual community, wherein shared experiences or fears of being deplatformed facilitate a coalescing of assorted far-right tendencies online.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SALES FUNNELS IN B2C AND B2B SEGMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kiselicki ◽  
Saso Josimovski ◽  
Lidija Pulevska Ivanovska ◽  
Mijalce Santa
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
World Population ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Sales Funnel ◽  
Media Data

The research focuses on introducing social media platforms as either a complementary or main channel in the company sales funnel. Internet technologies and Web 2.0 continue to provide innovations in digital marketing, with the latest iteration being lead generation services through social media. Data shows that almost half of the world population is active on social media, with the new Generation Alpha being projected to be entirely online dependent and proficient in the use of new technologies. The paper provides an overview of the digitalization of sales funnels, as well as the benefits that social media platforms can offer if implemented correctly. Secondary data provides the basis for transforming sales funnels with social media, where previous research provides limited data on the effectiveness of these types of efforts. Primary data demonstrates that introducing social media platforms can provide improvements of up to 3 to 4 times in analyzed case studies, as well as the shorter time when deciding about purchase in use case scenarios. Social media advertising can also be utilized to shorten the sales funnel process and serve as a unified point of entrance and exit in the first few stages.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on the Impact of Facebook on Perceptions of Police Force

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Wayne W. L. Chan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Online Social Networking ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Perceptions Of Police ◽  
The Impact

The legal authorities, particularly the police force, have been increasingly facing challenges given the popularity of social media [1, 2]. However, we know very little about how public perceptions of the police are being shaped by social media. In this context, this study attempted to investigate the impact of social media on young people’s perceptions of the police in Hong Kong. The focus of this study was placed on Facebook since it was one of the most popular social media platforms in the city. Facebook was not only conceptualized as a communication medium but also a social networking arena. In this connection, qualitative individual interviews were conducted to explore the online social networking on Facebook and its relation to the perceptions of police force. It was found that the Facebook users who were more likely to stay closely connected with other users with similar views would tend to form the politicized perception of police force. On the other hand, the Facebook users who were to be networked with some other users or real persons with dissimilar views would hold more neutral perceptions of the police. This study was the first of its kind to investigate the role of online social networking in the perceptions of the police, thus filling an important gap in our knowledge of the increasing impact of social media. Therefore, the results of current study were expected to contribute to society by avoiding the disproportionate public discourse about law and order. Keywords: Social Media, Online Social Networking, Public Perception, Police Force.

scholarly journals The Use of Social Media in Public Relations at Non-Governmental Organisations in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6(J)) ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
G. Nchabeleng ◽  
CJ. Botha ◽  
CA Bisschoff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Way

Social media can be a useful tool in public relations in non-governmental organisations (NGOs), but do NGOs make use of social media in their quest for service delivery in South Africa? Social networking sites, blogging, email, instant messaging, and online journals are some of the technological changes that changed the way interaction between people and how they gather information. Although social media is mainly used for interactive dialogue and social interaction, the private sector soon realised that the web-based technologies (especially Facebook and Twitter) could also be a competitive business tool. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) soon followed suit however at a slower pace than the general communication growth rate of social media in South Africa. This article examines if social networking sites have any impact on public relations practices of NGOs in South Africa – an environment where both customers and employees still struggle to take full advantage of social media. The critical literature findings increase the understanding of the current and future challenges of social media use in public relations at NGOs in South Africa. The study explores the main differences between traditional and social media, how social media is redefining public relations role, and shed some light on defining public relations practices, identify the uses, limitations and benefits of social media by public relations practitioners in NGOs. Recommendations for future communication research are given. Based on the literature, a qualitative research design collected data using semi-structured, individual interviews. The results revealed that social media platforms such as Facebook do have an effect, and even changed the way in which NGOs communicate. The study also revealed that social media certainly has an impact on public relations relationships. This means that it has become crucial that public relations practitioners at NOGs embrace and take advantage of social media, and that they should also invest in proper electronic platforms to reap the benefits of improved communication internally and externally.

scholarly journals Royal Shakespeare Company‘s #dream40

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-217
Author(s):  
Clara Matheus Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
English Language ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Royal Shakespeare Company ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
School Curricula

William Shakespeare is one of the greatest authors of the English language and is present in multiple school curricula. However, reading Shakespeare in classrooms can be a challenge for both teachers and students. In schools, adaptations from literature to social media platforms, such as #dream40, a production by the Royal Shakespeare Company, remain not fully explored. In this paper, this production is presented as a possible ally in the effort of bringing the English canon closer to the students’ reality, making the Bard more engaging and accessible, since this production uses mechanics that are part of most students’ daily lives on social networking platforms, such as the hashtag that appears in the title of this production; besides, #dream40 is closely aligned with our contemporary paradigm of worldview.

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