scholarly journals Development and Application of Water and Land Resources Degradation Index (WLDI)

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-531
Author(s):  
Demetrios E. Tsesmelis ◽  
Christos A. Karavitis ◽  
Kleomenis Kalogeropoulos ◽  
Andreas Tsatsaris ◽  
Efthimios Zervas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Degradation Index ◽  
Drought Vulnerability ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive

Natural resources are gradually coming under continuous and increasing pressure due to anthropogenic interventions and climate variabilities. The result of these pressures is reflected in the sustainability of natural resources. Significant scientific efforts during the recent years focus on mitigating the effects of these pressures and on increasing the sustainability of natural resources. Hence, there is a need to develop specific indices and indicators that will reveal the areas having the highest risks. The Water and Land Resources Degradation Index (WLDI) was developed for this purpose. WLDI consists of eleven indicators and its outcome results from the spatiotemporal performance of these indicators. The WLDI is based on the Standardized Drought Vulnerability Index (SDVI) and the Environmentally Sensitive Areas Index (ESAI). The WLDI is applied for the period from October 1983 to September 1996, considering Greece as a study area. The results of the application of this index reveal the areas with the highest risks, especially in the agricultural sector, with less than the needed water quantities due to extensive periods of droughts. This index could be used by scientists, but also by policy makers, to better and more sustainably manage environmental pressures.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Vulnerability to Drought and Desertification Characteristics Using the Standardized Drought Vulnerability Index (SDVI) and the Environmentally Sensitive Areas Index (ESAI)

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrios Tsesmelis ◽  
Christos Karavitis ◽  
Panagiotis Oikonomou ◽  
Stavros Alexandris ◽  
Constantinos Kosmas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Drought Vulnerability ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
The One

The degradation of natural resources at an intense rate creates serious problems in the environmental systems particularly with the compounding effects of climatic vagaries and changes. On the one hand, desertification is a crucial universal, mostly an anthropogenic environmental issue affecting soils all over the world. On the other hand, drought is a natural phenomenon in direct association with reduced rainfall in various spatial and temporal frames. Vulnerabilities to drought and desertification are complex processes caused by environmental, ecological, social, economic and anthropogenic factors. Particularly for the Mediterranean semi-arid conditions, where the physical and structural systems are more vulnerable, the abuse and overuse of the natural resources lead to their degradation and ultimately, if the current trends continue, to their marginalization. The scope of the current effort is trying to find any common drivers for the pressures of both processes. Thus, the vulnerabilities to drought and desertification are comparing by using the Standardized Drought Vulnerability Index (SDVI) and the Environmentally Sensitive Areas Index (ESAI). The indices are calculated from October 1983 to September 1996 in Greece. Greece is prone to desertification and it is often experiencing intense droughts, thus it presents an almost ideal case study area. The results may indicate that the most important factor for such procedures is the deficits in water resources, either due to lower than usually expected rainfall or to higher societal water demand.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Degradation of Natural Resources in the Mediterranean Environment Using the Water and Land Resources Degradation Index, the Case of Crete Island

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Demetrios E. Tsesmelis ◽  
Christos A. Karavitis ◽  
Kleomenis Kalogeropoulos ◽  
Efthimios Zervas ◽  
Constantina G. Vasilakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Degradation Index ◽  
Crete Island

Natural resources degradation poses multiple challenges particularly to environmental and economic processes. It is usually difficult to identify the degree of degradation and the critical vulnerability values in the affected systems. Thus, among other tools, indices (composite indicators) may also describe these complex systems or phenomena. In this approach, the Water and Land Resources Degradation Index was applied to the fifth largest Mediterranean island, Crete, for the 1999–2014 period. The Water and Land Resources Degradation Index uses 11 water and soil resources related indicators: Aridity Index, Water Demand, Drought Impacts, Drought Resistance Water Resources Infrastructure, Land Use Intensity, Soil Parent Material, Plant Cover, Rainfall, Slope, and Soil Texture. The aim is to identify the sensitive areas to degradation due to anthropogenic interventions and natural processes, as well as their vulnerability status. The results for Crete Island indicate that prolonged water resources shortages due to low average precipitation values or high water demand (especially in the agricultural sector), may significantly affect Water and Land degradation processes. Hence, Water and Land Resources Degradation Index could serve as an extra tool to assist policymakers to improve their decisions to combat Natural Resources degradation.

Foreign experience of animal husbandry and possibilities of pastures using in the conditions of Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
F. Sh. Khudoyberdiev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Relations

The article examines foreign experience in the fi eld of pastures using, and the possibilities of their use in the conditions of Uzbekistan. Pastures occupy 23% of the world's land resources, but with an increasing amount of them, the desertification processes are increasing as well. Desertification covers 9 mln.sq.km., and threatening to cover another 30 mln.sq.km. Livestock breeding is an important agricultural sector in many countries of the world, using a huge amount of natural resources and having a significant impact on nature. For improvement the pasture system we need innovative technologies and the reform of environmental relations.

A Theoretical Basis for Managing Environmentally Sensitive Areas

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Jennings ◽  
John P. Reganold
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Hierarchy Theory ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
Privately Owned

While there has been considerable research and development in management of specific natural resources and public lands containing multiple resources, relatively little progress has been made concerning management of privately-owned resources through land-use planning at the local level of government. This paper examines the issue of local government policies and capabilities in land-use planning for privately-owned, environmentally-sensitive areas (ESAs) in the Pacific Northwest of North America. ESAs are defined as landscape elements that are vital to long-term maintenance of biological diversity, soil, water, and other natural resources—especially as they relate to human health, safety, and welfare, both on-site and in a regional context.A three-steps' approach of different geographical scales (i.e. watershed, state, and region) was used in a series of studies to facilitate examination of the relationship between political structure and ecological theory. When viewed collectively these studies showed that, while there is a political basis for regulating ESAs, attempts at regulation lack a theoretical and applied basis in systems-thinking and ecological science. To begin forging a stronger linkage between the political and scientific basis for ESA planning, two major ecological theories relevant to ESA management—hierarchy and subsidy–stress—were reviewed. These theories, when used in concert, were shown to be applicable in making objective choices concerning privately-held ESAs in the Pacific North-west. They can be used as a theoretical scientific basis for ESA planning, providing both qualitative and quantitative models. Hierarchy theory can provide guidelines for ESA planning by linking biophysical processes and patterns directly to appropriate scales of political jurisdiction. Subsidy–stress theory can be used to set specific performance standards that are needed in regulation of ESAs.As a result of our three-steps' approach at different geographical scales, four requisites for improving ESA planning were found: (1) definitions for natural resources should be standardized between regional districts, countries, states, and provinces; (2) replicative methods for ESA inventories, including natural communities and ecosystem processes, should be used; (3) a common environmental information system should be available to land-use planners; and (4) the expertise to apply such information should be available. The basis for these four items is found in the ecological systems theories of hierarchy and subsidy–stress.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention of Students in Agricultural Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Apoorva Sahni ◽  
◽  
Yasmin Janjhua ◽  
Krishan Kumar Sharma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Business Area ◽  
Agricultural Students ◽  
Insight Into

India being an agrarian country, with tremendous natural resources, agricultural sector of the country is a potential business area to be developed by youth. Agricultural sector can be enhanced more through agripreneurial activities. This study provides an insight into the factors that have an effect on the entrepreneurship intention of agricultural students. It would serve as base for future studies and have implications for educators and policy makers.

Intra-sectoral and Intersectoral Parity Issues in Pricing of Agricultural Crops: A Preliminary Analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417
Author(s):  
Sarfraz K. Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Over Time

Intersectoral terms of trade play a cruc1al role in determining the sectoral distribution of income and resource allocation in the developing countries. The significance of intra-sectoral terms of trade for the allocation of resources within the agricultural sector is also widely accepted by research scholars and policy-makers. In the context of planned development, the government specifies production targets for the agricultural sector and for different crops. The intervention of government in the field of price determination has important implications for the achievement of planned targets. In Pakistan, there is a feeling among many groups including farmers and politicians with a rural background that prices of agricultural crops have not kept their parities intact over time and that prices generally do not cover the costs of production. The feeling that production incentives for agriculture have been eroded is especially strong for the period since the early 1970s. It is argued that strong inflationary pressures supported by a policy of withdrawal of government subsidies on agricultural inputs have resulted in rapid increases in the prices paid by agriculturists and that increases in the prices received by farmers were not enough to compensate them for the rising prices of agricultural inputs and consumption goods.

scholarly journals Environmental Behavior Spillover or Public Information Induction: Consumers’ Intention to Pay a Premium for Rice Grown with Green Manure as Crop Fertilizer

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Fuduo Li ◽  
Kangjie Zhang ◽  
Aibo Hao ◽  
Changbin Yin ◽  
Guosheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Structural Research

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in pro-environmental foods produced by pro-environmental practices. However, consumers’ payment motivations towards such foods are currently poorly understood. This manuscript provided a critical investigation of Chinese consumers’ intention to pay a premium (ITPP) for rice grown with green manure as crop fertilizer (GMR). One focus was the establishment of an explanatory structural research framework that includes effects of environmental behavior spillover (EBS) and public information induction (PII); another focus was to analyze the impacts of the selected structural elements on ITPP by introducing education as a moderator. Results suggest that consumers’ ITPP can be largely influenced by PII, therefore, for GMR marketers and policy makers, measures should be developed to widen consumers’ access to public information related to GMR and to improve their capacity of screening effective information. EBS, when ITPP remains low, emerged as a pivotal predictor of consumers’ ITPP. This observation provides us with the enlightenment that breeding consumers’ daily environmental behaviors is highly valued to inspire their payment intention in the early stages of GMR market development. Another finding is that, with the introduction of the educational variable, the influence coefficients of EBS and PII on ITPP increased from 0.42 and 0.53 to 0.61 and 0.66, respectively, which means that it is possible to boost consumers’ payment intention by improving their educational attainment. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence for the GMR industrial upgrading strategy and have significant implications for the environmental governance of the agricultural sector.

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