Central analgesic activity of Litsea polyantha Juss. bark extract

Background: The antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of two concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of leaf, bark, flower and fruit pulp of C. fistula were determined in male wistar albino rats. Methods: Antipyretic activity was assessed by E. coli endotoxin induced pyrexia. Analgesic activity was assessed by hot plate, tail immersion and acetic acid induced writhing test. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Result: Significant (p less than 0.05) antipyretic activity was exhibited from 2h onwards by bark extract @ 200 mg/kg and from 3h onwards by bark extract @100 mg/kg and leaves extract @ 200mg/kg as compared to control group. Significant (p less than 0.05) analgesic activity was shown by extract of bark @ 200 mg/kg as it is evident by increase in reflex time in hot plate (90,120,180 min), tail immersion test (120,180 min) and inhibition of writhing (32.12%). Significant (p less than 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity was exhibited from 3h post administration by bark @ 200 and leaves @ 100 and 200 mg/kg.

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Pharmacological investigation of Thespesea populnea bark extract for analgesic activity

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20205549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Jayakumar J. K.

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Peak Effect ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Test Drug ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Percent Inhibition ◽

Background Pain

Background: Pain is an unpleasant and distressing common problem with profound impact on individuals and society. Existing treatment modalities used for pain management are either less effective or exhibits several side effects. The aim of current study is to investigate the analgesic activity of stem bark extract of Thespesea populnea for pain management.Methods: Thirty Swiss albino were divided into five groups including control, standard and three tests groups (different doses of Thespesea populnea bark extract). Groups were investigated for analgesic activity using hot plate induced paw withdrawal, acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced paw licking models.Results: Findings of hot plate model revealed that, percent increase in reflex latency of paw licking response in mice for test drug (10 mg/kg), attained peak effect of 136% at 180 minutes, whereas for standard pentazocine peak effect of 125% was attained at 180 minutes. In acetic acid model, the maximum percent inhibition in number of writhings for the test drug (30 mg/kg) was 68% and for standard diclofenac, it was 80%. In formalin model, percent inhibition in licking response in early and late phases for test drug (30 mg/kg) were 81% and 91% and for standard diclofenac it was 56% and 94% respectively. It was thus depicted that analgesic activity of test drug was significantly more than the standard in early phase and equivalent to standard in late phase.Conclusions: It was concluded that Thespesea populnea bark extract at a dose of 10 mg/kg showed potential peripheral and central analgesic activity.

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Antioxidant and Analgesic Activity of Acer laevigatum Wall, a Traditional Mizo-tribe Medicine

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.6.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 5200-5207

Author(s):

Andrew Lalthasanga Ralte ◽

Phaibiang Lapasam ◽

Freddy Teilang Nongkhlaw ◽

Pdiangmon Kyndait ◽

Zothanpuia

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

External Application ◽

Soxhlet Apparatus

Acer laevigatum is an evergreen tree growing to a height of 10–15 m or more, with a trunk up to 50 cm diameter belonging to the family Sapindaceae. In Mizoram, the decoction of the leaves is used as an external application in sprains. Extraction was carried out by drying the leaves and barks and extracted by using methanol as solvent using the Soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out by methanolic extract of both leaves and barks to determine the chemical constituents present in the plant using a different phytochemical test, acute toxicity for leave and bark extract, in-vitro antioxidant activity and in-vivo analgesic activity of barks extract. Phytochemical screening was performed for both extract and it contains glycoside, saponin, phenol, tannin, flavonoid, and steroid. The antioxidant activity test of the methanolic extract of bark extract was performed successfully. In acute toxicity, the LD50 was found that for more than 2000 mg/kg body weight was safe for further uses. The total phenolic content of the bark extract contains 493 ± 0.23 mg of GAE/g and the total flavonoids content of the bark extract was 220 ± 0.034 mg of QE/g. The IC50 value of DPPH free radical scavenging activity was found to be 86.1211 µg/ml and nitric oxide was 75.9 µg/ml. Whereas, in reducing power it was found that the percentage inhibition was increased with an increase in concentration (increase in concen-tration, percentage inhibition was also increased) and reduced Fe3+ (ferricyanide complex) to Fe2+ (ferrous form). Finally, for in-vivo analgesic activity, 4000 mg/kg was more effective than 2000 mg/kg of the bark extract. These results confirm that the methanolic extract of bark of Acer laevigatum possesses antioxidant activity and non-significant or less analgesic activity.

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Membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS activities of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)

South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.38150/sajeb.4(3).p104-109 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 104-109

Author(s):

Ridwan Islam ◽

Md. Al Amin Sikder ◽

Rafeeq Alam Khan ◽

Mansoor Ahmed ◽

Mohammad A. Rashid

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Activity ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Tail Flick Latency ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Polyalthia Longifolia ◽

Crude Methanol Extract

Different fractions of Polialthia longifolia (Sonn.) bark were evaluated for membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS de-pressant activities upon oral administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by heat and hypo-tonic solution. Carbon tetrachloride fraction of methanol extract of P. longi-folia bark demonstrated strong membrane stabilizing activity, while the crude methanol extract demonstrated mild to moderate thrombolytic activi-ty in human blood specimen. The analgesic activity was assessed by tail im-mersion and formalin-induced pain method in Swiss-albino mice. The crude methanol extract of P. longifolia bark exhibited significant peripheral and central analgesic activity, since inhibited chemical induced writhing at 200 mg/kg and increased tail flick latency time both at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The anti-diarrheal activity of the bark extract was assessed by using castor oil induced diarrhea in mice however significant anti-diarrheal activity was not revealed. The CNS inhibitory activity of the methanol extract was assessed in Swiss albino mice where it reduced phenobarbitone sodium induced sleep-ing time at 400 mg/kg.

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Analgesic Activity ofDalbergia lanceolaria. Bark Extract in Swiss Albino Mice

Pharmaceutical Biology ◽

10.1080/13880200500387331 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 723-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A.V. Misar ◽

Mrudula Kale ◽

Maruti Joshi ◽

A.M. Mujumdar

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Activity ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Albino Mice

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Cytotoxicity, analgesic and anthelmintic studies of the different plant parts of Saraca indica Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae)

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20163967 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 278

Author(s):

Most. Nazma Parvin

Keyword(s):

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Vincristine Sulphate ◽

Analgesic Activities

Background: Saraca indica or Saraca asoca belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae. It is popularly known as Ashoka, is the most ancient tree of Bangladesh. This versatile plant has anti-cancer, anti-menorrhagic, anti-oxytocic, anti-microbial activity and has extended uses in ayurveda, unani and homeopathy. The present study attempts to investigate the cytotoxic and analgesic activities of the methanol extract of bark and the anthelmintic activity of the leaf extract of Saraca indica.Methods: The cytotoxic activity of the methanol extract of the bark was performed by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and analgesic potential of the bark extract was evaluated using both acetic acid induced writhing test and tail-flick tests to understand the central analgesic activity using Swiss Albino mice as experimental animal. Anthelmintic activity of the leaf extract was performed by observing the time of paralysis and the time of death of earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. Results: The methanol extract of the bark showed moderate cytotoxic activity when compared with the standard drug vincristine sulphate. The results of analgesic activities suggested that the methanol extract of the bark possess significant analgesic activity in mice, which is comparable to the standard drug, diclofenac-Na. The fresh juice extract of the leaf of S. indica showed potent anthelmintic activity when compared with standard drug, albendazole.Conclusions: Our present study, demonstrates the cytotoxic, analgesic and anthelmintic, properties of Saraca indica, which validate its use in traditional medicine.

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ELAEOCARPUS SERRATUS L. EXHIBITS POTENTIAL ANALGESIC AND ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITIES IN MICE MODEL

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2020.2.11388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 44-51

Author(s):

A. A. H. Pinkey ◽

Z. I. Khan ◽

M. A. Taher ◽

M. A. Soma

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Diclofenac Sodium ◽

Positive Control ◽

Hypoglycemic Activity ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Activity Assay ◽

Mice Model ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Antidiarrheal Activity

Background. Elaeocarpus serratus L. (Family: Elaeocarpaceae) is a tropical fruit tree, traditionally used in the treatments of poisoning, diarrhea, arthritis, and other diseases. Objectives. The current study was performed to conduct the analgesic, antidiarrheal, and hypoglycemic activity of E. serratus in mice model using methanolic bark crude extract. Methods. To assess the peripheral and central analgesic activity, the acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion methods were respectively used. The castor-oil mediated antidiarrheal method was used to assess the antidiarrheal activity whereas, the tail tipping technique was conducted to determine the hypoglycemic activity of the plant extract. Results. In the peripheral analgesic assay, the methanolic bark crude extract of E. serratus significantly inhibits the number of writing 69.77% (200 mg/kg) and 73.26% (400 mg/kg) respectively (p<0.05) which was strongly comparable with standard NSAID drug diclofenac sodium 75.58% (p<0.05). Similarly, it shown a significant tail flicking response for 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes of central analgesic activity assay. In antidiarrheal activity assay, the E. serratus substantially reduced the number of diarrheal feces 64.26% (200 mg/kg, p<0.05) and 78.57% (400 mg/kg, p<0.05) which was also comparable with the positive control loperamide. The hypoglycemic activity of E. serratus extract was not convincing. Conclusions. Our investigation demonstrated the significant analgesic and antidiarrheal activities of methanolic bark extract of E. serratus (200 and 400 mg/kg) in mice model.

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Phytochemical Investigation and Analgesic Activity of Stem Bark Extract of Sapindus trifoliatus Linn

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i58b34217 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 398-407

Author(s):

B. Sangeetha ◽

Ronald Fernandes ◽

K. Adarsha Govinda ◽

K. Vijay Bhaskar

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

Phytochemical Studies

Aims: The study is designed to isolate and charecterize the phytoconstituents, and screen for the analgesic activity of stem bark extracts of Sapindus trifoliatus Linn. Methodology: The cleaned, dried and powdered stem barks of Sapindus trifoliatus were subjected to extraction by maceration process. The concentrated ethanolic extract of stem bark on was further subjected to preliminary phytochemical studies. The fractionated extracts were then packed into column chromatography for the isolation of phytoconstituents and they were characterized by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectroscopy.Acute toxicity was performed to establish the lethal dose of the extract and In vivo analgesic activity was performed by tail flick and acetic acid induced writhing methods in experimental animals. Results: Preliminary phytochemical studies showed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and carbohydrates. Isolation of extracts led to give compounds like saponin glycoside, a steroid and triterpenoids. The extract was found to be safe up to 2000 mg kg bodyweight. Analgesic activity was found significant at level P = 05 when compared with control by tail flick and acetic acid induced writhing models in experimental animals. Conclusion: From ethanolic extract isolated a saponin glycoside,from petroleum ether stigmasterol and triterpenoids ursolic acid. The presence of saponin glycoside, triterpenoids, steroids might be responsible for the analgesic activity of the stem bark extract of Sapindus trifoliatus Linn.

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