Battery Powered Inductive Welding System for Electrofusion Joints in Optical Fiber Microducts

Optical fiber microducts are joined together by mechanical joints. These mechanical joints are bulky, require more space per joint, and are prone to air pressure leakage and water seepage during service. A battery powered electrofusion welding system with a resistive-type joint has been recently developed to replace mechanical joints. These resistive-type electrofusion joints require physical connectors for power input. Due to a different installation environment, the power input connectors of resistive optical fiber microduct joints may corrode over time. This corrosion of connectors will eventually cause water seepage or air pressure leakage in the long run. Moreover, due to connector corrosion, resistive-type optical fiber microduct joints cannot be re-heated in future if the need arises. In this study, an inductively coupled electrofusion-type joint was proposed and investigated. This inductive-type electrofusion joint is not prone to long-term corrosion risk, due to the absence of power connectors. Inductive-type electrofusion joints can be re-heated again for resealing or removal in the long run, as no metal part is exposed to the environment. The battery powered inductive welding system can be easily powered with a 38 volts 160 watt-hour battery. The inductive-type electrofusion joint was welded within one second, and passed a 300-newton pull strength test and a 10-bar air pressure leakage test. It was demonstrated that the power input requirement for inductive electrofusion joints is 64% higher than that of resistive electrofusion joints. However, these inductive joints are relatively easy to manufacture, inexpensive, have no air leakage, and no water seepage risk in highly corrosive environments.

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LTspice Electro-Thermal Model of Joule Heating in High Density Polyethylene Optical Fiber Microducts

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics8121453 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shazad Akram ◽

Kent Bertilsson ◽

Johan Siden

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Joule Heating ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Thermal Model ◽

Power Input ◽

Heat Propagation ◽

High Density ◽

Thermal Parameters ◽

Mechanical Joints ◽

Copper Coil

At present, optical fiber microducts are joined together by mechanical type joints. Mechanical joints are bulky, require more space in multiple duct installations, and have poor water sealing capability. Optical fiber microducts are made of high-density polyethylene which is considered best for welding by remelting. Mechanical joints can be replaced with welded joints if the outer surface layer of the optical fiber microduct is remelted within one second and without thermal damage to the inner surface of the optical fiber duct. To fulfill these requirements, an electro-thermal model of Joule heat generation using a copper coil and heat propagation inside different layers of optical fiber microducts was developed and validated. The electro-thermal model is based on electro-thermal analogy that uses the electrical equivalent to thermal parameters. Depending upon the geometric shape and material properties of the high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and copper coil, the thermal resistance and thermal capacitance values were calculated and connected to the Cauer RC-ladder configuration. The power input to Joule heating coil and thermal convection resistance to surrounding air were also calculated and modelled. The calculated thermal model was then simulated in LTspice, and real measurements with 50 µm K-type thermocouples were conducted to check the validity of the model. Due to the non-linear transient thermal behavior of polyethylene and variations in the convection resistance values, the calculated thermal model was then optimized for best curve fitting. Optimizations were conducted for convection resistance and the power input model only. The calculated thermal parameters of the polyethylene layers were kept intact to preserve the thermal model to physical structure relationship. Simulation of the optimized electro-thermal model and actual measurements showed to be in good agreement.

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Air pressure measurement of circular thin plate using optical fiber multimode interferometer

Measurement ◽

10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109784 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109784

Author(s):

Yufang Bai ◽

Jie Zeng ◽

Jiwei Huang ◽

Zhenfeng Yan ◽

Yaxing Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Thin Plate ◽

Pressure Measurement ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Circular Thin Plate

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Research on the Optical Fiber Laser Cutting and Welding System Based on ABB Robot

Applied laser ◽

10.3788/al20143406.584 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 584-588

Author(s):

孙加强 Sun Jiaqiang ◽

焦俊科 Jiao Junke ◽

张文武 Zhang Wenwu ◽

阮亮 Ruan Liang ◽

李威宣 Li Wenxuan

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Fiber Laser ◽

Laser Cutting ◽

Welding System

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Gas Pressure Sensor Based on BDK-Doped Polymer Optical Fiber

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi10110717 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 717 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xin Cheng ◽

Yi Liu ◽

Changyuan Yu

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Pressure Sensor ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Gas Pressure ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Response Behavior ◽

Polymer Optical Fiber ◽

The Stability ◽

Doped Polymer

This paper presents a high sensitivity gas pressure sensor with benzyl-dimethylketal (BDK)-doped polymer optical fiber Bragg grating (POFBG), whose sensitivity is up to 8.12 pm/kPa and 12.12 pm/kPa in positive and negative pressure atmosphere, respectively. The high sensitivity can be explained by its porous chemical structure. The stability and response behavior under air pressure atmosphere has also been investigated. The new understanding of the air pressure response principle and sensitivity difference for the presented sensor can be a worthy reference.

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Monitoring water seepage velocity in dikes using distributed optical fiber temperature sensors

Automation in Construction ◽

10.1016/j.autcon.2017.01.013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. 71-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Huaizhi Su ◽

Shiguang Tian ◽

Yeyuan Kang ◽

Wei Xie ◽

Jian Chen

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Temperature Sensors ◽

Seepage Velocity ◽

Water Seepage ◽

Distributed Optical Fiber

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AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PREVENTION OF PORE-AIR PRESSURE GENERATION ON WATER SEEPAGE IN RIVER DYKE BY USING BREATHABLE - WATERPROOF GEOTEXTILE

Geosynthetics Engineering Journal ◽

10.5030/jcigsjournal.28.17 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (0) ◽

pp. 17-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kohji KAMIYA ◽

Kohji YAMADA ◽

Masatoshi ISHIDA

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Water Seepage

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Leak monitoring and localization in baghouse filtration system using a distributed optical fiber dynamic air pressure sensor

Optical Fiber Technology ◽

10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 102218

Author(s):

J. Li ◽

X. Lu ◽

W.F. Wang

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Pressure Sensor ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Filtration System ◽

Distributed Optical Fiber

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Review on the SFCL Control Techniques in grid System

SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE ◽

10.24113/ijoscience.v7i1.348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 45-48

Author(s):

Suman Baghel ◽

Sanjeev Jarariya

Keyword(s):

Transient Stability ◽

Power Supply System ◽

Supply System ◽

Residual Current ◽

Fault Current ◽

Control Techniques ◽

Inductive Type ◽

Current Limiting ◽

Different Types ◽

Resistive Type

In this paper, the authors present a comparative study of inductive and resistive superconducting residual current limiters (SFCLs) from the perspective of current limiting and transient stability of the power supply system. Different types of SFCL can be used to reduce the magnitude of the fault current in a power system. The two most commonly used types are the resistive type (rSFCL) and the inductive type (iSFCL). The study aims here to analyze the performance of SFCL using various switching algorithms when a fault occurs in a simple high voltage (HV) network.

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