scholarly journals Gaze-Based Vehicle Driving Evaluation of System with an Actual Vehicle at an Intersection with a Traffic Light

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Takumi Shimauchi ◽  
Keiko Sakurai ◽  
Lindsey Tate ◽  
Hiroki Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Gaze Fixation ◽  
Elderly Drivers ◽  
Fixation Condition ◽  
Tracking Device

Due to the population aging in Japan, more elderly people are retaining their driver’s licenses and the increase in the number of car accidents by elderly drivers is a social problem. To address this problem, an objective data-based method to evaluate whether elderly drivers can continue driving is needed. In this paper, we propose a car driving evaluation system based on gaze as calculated by eye and head angles. We used an eye tracking device (TalkEye Lite) made by the Takei Scientific Instruments Cooperation. For our image processing technique, we propose a gaze fixation condition using deep learning (YOLOv2-tiny). By using an eye tracking device and the proposed gaze fixation condition, we built a system where drivers could be evaluated during actual car operation. We describe our system in this paper. In order to evaluate our proposed method, we conducted experiments from November 2017 to November 2018 where elderly people were evaluated by our system while driving an actual car. The subjects were 22 general drivers (two were 80–89 years old, four were 70–79 years old, six were 60–69 years old, three were 50–59 years old, five were 40–49 years old and two were 30–39 years old). We compared the subjects’ gaze information with the subjective evaluation by a professional driving instructor. As a result, we confirm that the subjects’ gaze information is related to the subjective evaluation by the instructor.

scholarly journals A Study on the Gaze Range Calculation Method During an Actual Car Driving Using Eyeball Angle and Head Angle Information

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Sakurai ◽  
Hiroki Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Car Driving

Car operation requires advanced brain function. Currently, evaluation of the motor vehicle driving ability of people with higher brain dysfunction is medically unknown and there are few evaluation criteria. The increase in accidents by elderly drivers is a social problem in Japan, and a method to evaluate whether elderly people can drive a car is needed. Under these circumstances, a system to evaluate brain dysfunction and driving ability of elderly people is needed. Gaze estimation research is a rapidly developing field. In this paper, we propose the gaze calculation method by eye and head angles. We used the eye tracking device (TalkEyeLite) made by Takei Scientific Instruments Cooperation. For our image processing technique, we estimated the head angle using the template matching method. By using the eye tracking device and the head angle estimate, we built a system that can be used during actual on-road car operation. In order to evaluate our proposed method, we tested the system on Japanese drivers during on-road driving evaluations at a driving school. The subjects were one instructor of the car driving school and eight general drivers (three 40–50 years old and five people over 60 years old). We compared the gaze range of the eight general subjects and the instructor. As a result, we confirmed that one male in his 40s and one elderly driver had narrower gaze ranges.

scholarly journals A system for three-dimensional gaze fixation analysis using eye tracking glasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Takahashi ◽  
Hiromasa Suzuki ◽  
Jouh Yeong Chew ◽  
Yutaka Ohtake ◽  
Yukie Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Gaze Fixation ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

Abstract Eye tracking is a technology that has quickly become a commonplace tool for evaluating package and webpage design. In such design processes, static two-dimensional images are shown on a computer screen while a subject's gaze where he or she looks is measured via an eye tracking device. The collected gaze fixation data are then visualized and analyzed via gaze plots and heat maps. Such evaluations using two-dimensional images are often too limited to analyze gaze on three-dimensional physical objects such as products because users look at them not from a single point of view but rather from various angles. Therefore in this study we propose methods for collecting gaze fixation data for a three-dimensional model of a given product and visualizing corresponding gaze plots and heat maps also in three dimensions. To achieve our goals, we used a wearable eye-tracking device, i.e., eye-tracking glasses. Further, we implemented a prototype system to demonstrate its advantages in comparison with two-dimensional gaze fixation methods. Highlights Proposing a method for collecting gaze fixation data for a three-dimensional model of a given product. Proposing two visualization methods for three dimensional gaze data; gaze plots and heat maps. Proposed system was applied to two practical examples of hair dryer and car interior.

scholarly journals Subjective Product Evaluation System Based on Kansei Engineering and Analytic Hierarchy Process

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxue Zuo ◽  
Zhenya Wang
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Kansei Engineering ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Product evaluation is very important for product improvement and development, and subjective product evaluation determines customer’s evaluation of products to some extent, so the purpose of this study is to establish a reasonable subjective product evaluation system. In this study, we comprehensively determine the evaluation indexes based on Kansei engineering (KE), establish an overall product evaluation system by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and establish the subjective product evaluation system by classifying the evaluation indexes in the overall product evaluation system into “objective evaluation index” and “subjective evaluation index”, removing the objective evaluation indexes, and retaining the subjective evaluation indexes. Additionally, we select some modern chairs as experimental samples to verify the reliability and validity of this subjective product evaluation system by means of questionnaires. The experimental results show that, in this subjective product evaluation system, the subjective evaluation of the product is positively correlated with the “favorite” level of the product in comprehensive evaluation, and negatively correlated with the “least favorite” level of the product in comprehensive evaluation, indicating that this subjective product evaluation system realizes a symmetry between subjective product evaluation and comprehensive product evaluation. Therefore, it can be concluded that this subjective product evaluation system based on KE and AHP proposed in this study has reliability and validity, and can be used for product evaluation to judge the popularity of products and enhance the competitiveness of products.

scholarly journals A Fast and Effective System for Analysis of Optokinetic Waveforms with a Low-Cost Eye Tracking Device

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Chong-Bin Tsai ◽  
Wei-Yu Hung ◽  
Wei-Yen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is an involuntary eye movement induced by motion of a large proportion of the visual field. It consists of a “slow phase (SP)” with eye movements in the same direction as the movement of the pattern and a “fast phase (FP)” with saccadic eye movements in the opposite direction. Study of OKN can reveal valuable information in ophthalmology, neurology and psychology. However, the current commercially available high-resolution and research-grade eye tracker is usually expensive. Methods & Results: We developed a novel fast and effective system combined with a low-cost eye tracking device to accurately quantitatively measure OKN eye movement. Conclusions: The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves fast and promising results in comparisons with several traditional approaches.

scholarly journals The Recreational Trail of the El Caminito del Rey Natural Tourist Attraction, Spain: Determination of Hikers’ Flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1809
Author(s):  
Gemma María Gea-García ◽  
Carmelo Fernández-Vicente ◽  
Francisco J. Barón-López ◽  
Jesús Miranda-Páez
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Outdoor Activity ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Tracking Devices

Hiking is a very popular outdoor activity, and has led to an exponential increase in the number of visitors to natural spaces. The objective of this study was to analyze the circulation pattern of visitors to the Caminito del Rey trail, based on the three zones into which the trail can be divided. The sample consisted of 1582 hikers distributed into three different profiles. Of these, 126 utilized an eye-tracking device during the hike, while, for the rest (1456), only their travel speed along the trail was recorded. The use of eye tracking devices identified a greater number of interesting landscapes located in zones 1 and 3 of the trail, and it was observed that the mean travel speed was greater for zone 2 (42.31 m/min) (p < 0.01). Additionally, when the three different visitor profiles were analyzed, significant differences were found between the mean travel speeds according to sectors (p < 0.05). This information is crucial for more efficient management of the trail, as it allows for the development of measures to control and regulate the flow of visitors according to zone, and the design of additional strategies to increase the awareness of the hiker about specific areas of the hike.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE’ SOCIALIZATION ON THEIR PERCEPTION... OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-120
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vetrova ◽  
Daria Vasianina ◽  
Ivan Mityushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The state of the health care system is an important characteristic of the country’s social and economic development, but the results of surveys can not demonstrate an objective result. The respondents are influenced by a number of factors, including their level of socialization, in assessing healthcare services. In the article, we consider the hypothesis that communication with relatives and neighborhood significantly increases the relative pessimism of the subjective evaluation of healthcare services by the elderly. In order to reduce the incompatibility of subjective assessments of respondents, the anchoring vignette method is used.

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